Examples of grafting and insertion when combining taxonomies. In both cases, the NCBI taxonomy has higher priority than GBIF. In A (grafting), we assemble the genus Bufo across NCBI and GBIF. There is no B. spinosis in GBIF and no B. luchunnicus in NCBI. Therefore, the Bufo in the combined taxonomy has as its children copies of species records from both sources. In B (insertion), WoRMS provides greater resolution of Fissurellidae than NCBI taxonomy: it divides the family into subfamilies Hemotominae and Emarginulinae, nodes that do not exist in NCBI. The subfamilies are 'inserted' in a way that adds information without disrupting existing relationships from NCBI.

 
  Part of: Rees J, Cranston K (2017) Automated assembly of a reference taxonomy for phylogenetic data synthesis. Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e12581. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e12581