Macrosemiafengi Wang sp. nov. from Yunnan and Guizhou, China (Hemiptera, Cicadidae, Cicadinae)

Abstract Background The genus Macrosemia Kato, 1925 (Hemiptera, Cicadidae, Cicadinae, Dundubiini, Dundubiina) currently includes 16 species (excluding subspecies and varieties), mainly occurring in the Oriental Region. More than half of them, 10 species, are known from China, including one new species, described in the present study. New information A new species of cicada, Macrosemiafengi Wang sp. nov., is described from Yunnan and Guizhou, southwest China. Colour plates are presented to illustrate its diagnostic characters. The distribution map of the new species is also given.

Macrosemia is distinguishable from its allied genera, especially from Platylomia, by the following characteristics (modified from Chou et al. (1997), Lee and Hayashi (2003), Lee (2008), Wang and Wei (2014), Pham et al. (2016), Luu et al. (2022) and Luu et al. (2022)): 1) body large, robust and thick; 2) eyes not prominent laterally; 3) head about as wide as or narrower than mesonotal base; 4) postclypeus a little swollen anteriorly, shorter than median length of vertex in dorsal view; 5) ventral side of postclypeus, in many species, with distinct fuscous or black "Y"-like fascia; 6) pronotal collar well developed, broad and long, about 0.4 times as long as median length of pronotum disc; 7) mediolateral tooth of pronotal collar produced laterally or posterolaterally, not anterolaterally; 8) mesonotum excluding cruciform elevation distinctly longer than pronotum; 9) male abdomen nearly as long as, not distinctly longer than distance from head to cruciform elevation; 10) tymbal concealed by timbal cover in dorsal view, but a little exposed laterally; 11) male operculum long with comparatively narrow apex and swollen at about posterior two-thirds; 12) forewing hyaline, slender with narrow tip, longer than 3.2 times of width; 13) ovipositor sheath extending a little beyond dorsal beak.
Here, I describe and illustrate a new species under the name of Macrosemia fengi sp.nov., which is in accordance with all the above characteristics except 5, from Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces of China.Important morphological characteristics of the new species are illustrated and the known distribution is mapped. th

Materials and methods
Two males and one female of the new species were collected from Yunnan of China in September 2022 and a month later, two pairs of the same species were collected from Guizhou of China.After field works, the specimens were kept in a freezer (-20℃).About half a year later, the specimens were relaxed and softened in water at room temperature for 24 hours and then placed in distilled water for cleaning and dissection.To examine the male genitalia, the pygofer (containing the aedeagus), together with sternite VIII, were detached and treated with a 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution at room temperature for 12 hours.They were then placed in distilled water to remove the remaining KOH and prevent any further bleaching.After examination, the body parts were mounted on a slide using Euparal Mounting Medium for future studies.Images were taken with a Canon macro photo lens MP-E 65 mm on a Canon 5DsR.Images of the same object at different focal planes were combined using Zerene Stacker 1.04 stacking software.Adobe Photoshop CS6 was used for postprocessing.The description was carried out on dry specimens.Moulds (2005) and Moulds (2012) and higher taxonomy follows Marshall et al. (2018) and Simon et al. (2019).Measurement criteria in millimetres (mm) follows Wang and Liu (2022).

Morphological terminology follows
The type material of the new species is deposited in the following institutional and private collections: • MYNU -Invertebrate collection of Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China; • cLFW -private collection of Lei Feng, Weifang, China.

Taxon treatment
Macrosemia fengi Wang sp.nov.Head with bottom colour brown, with following blackish markings: median fascia inverted "U"-like, enclosing three ocelli, reaching frontoclypeal suture anteriorly and basal margin of head posteriorly; two fasciae on each supra-antennal plate, one narrow and along medial margin, another one relatively wide and obliquely in posterior part; lateral fasciae large, between median fascia and eyes.Compound eyes brown.Ocelli reddish-brown.Distance between lateral ocellus and corresponding eye about 2.5 times as wide as distance between lateral ocelli.Antennae fuscous to blackish.Postclypeus a little swollen, entirely brown.Anteclypeus brown in median part and blackish laterally.Genae blackish in anterior part and brown posteriorly.Lorum almost entirely blackish.Rostrum brownish, except blackish at apex, just reaching metacoxae.
Thorax.Pronotum almost entirely brown at both pronotal disc and pronotal collar, faintly tinged fuscous in central part of pronotal disc and posterior part of pronotal collar, without markings along paramedian and lateral fissures, but particularly with paired blackish submedian spots near ambient fissure at pronotal disc.Pronotal collar with Table 1.
Morphometric values (mm) for each male type of Macrosemia fengi Wang sp.nov.
Macrosemia fengi Wang sp.nov.from Yunnan and Guizhou, China (Hemiptera, ... median length relatively long, about 0.4 times as long as that of pronotum disc, slightly ampliate posterolaterally; lateral margins with roundly obtuse lateral teeth at about anterior one-third, orientating posterolaterally; hind corners widely rounded; surface transversely grooved.Mesonotum brownish, tinged reddish in central part, with following blackish markings: median fascia long and slender, broadened in middle part, with apex bifurcated and reaching anterior margin of cruciform elevation; paramedian fasciae short, broadened posteriorly, along parapsidal sutures; lateral fasciae wide, "L"like, starting from about anterior one-fifth of mesonotum, somewhat obliquely extending to anterior arms of cruciform elevation, then turned medially to enclose scutal depressions, not confluent with median fascia; marginal fasciae small and short, hardly seen from dorsal view, along posterior parts of mesonotal lateral margins.Cruciform elevation brownish, fuscous to blackish in posterior arms and apical parts of anterior arms.Wing grooves brownish.Thoracic sternites almost all brownish. Legs bicoloured, with bottom colour brown; profemora with blackish oblique stripes; meso-and metafemora with two or three blackish spots at apices.Profemur (Fig. 1E) with four spines: primary spine long, subdigitiform, with obtuse apex; secondary spine subtrianglular and rather sharp; subapical spine small and tuberculate; apical spine rather small and sharp.Meracanthi mostly brown with blackish margins.
Wings hyaline.Venation generally brownish in basal part and fuscous apically; R+Sc veins reddish fuscous.Forewing with 8 apical cells; ulnar cell 3 about 1.5 times as long as apical cell 5; RA vein with longitudinal portion about 2.9 times as long as basal 2 portion; infuscations present on r and r-m crossveins; nodal line absent; basal cell blackish; basal membrane greyish-brown.Hind-wing with 6 apical cells; jugum and longitudinal margins of vannus greyish-brown.
Abdomen subcylindrical, gradually narrowing posteriorly; reddish fuscous on dorsum and brown on venter, with posterior margin of each tergite narrowly blackish, without distinct white pollinosity.Timbal cover scalelike, brown in lateral half and blackish in medial half, concealing timbal in dorsal view.Operculum entirely brownish, except blackish lateral margin; elongate, with margins moderately constricted in sub-basal part; apex rounded, extending to middle level of abdominal sternite VII; separated from each other a little narrower than one width of them.Abdominal tergite III 1.1 times as wide as mesonotum.Abdominal sternite VII wider than long, slightly emarginate in middle of posterior margin; sternite VIII (Fig. 2A-C) subcordiform, gradually narrowing posteriorly, with posterior margin rounded; surface distinctly convex ventrally; anterolateral apodemes distinct.
Variations.All male types without evident variations, except the holotype faintly tinged fuscous in central part of pronotal disc and posterior part of pronotal collar (all male paratypes without such kind of faint cloud).

Diagnosis
Macrosemia fengi Wang sp.nov. is easily distinguished from other members in this genus by the combination of the following characters: pronotum almost entirely brown, only particularly with paired blackish submedian spots near ambient fissure at pronotal disc (other congeners (except M. perakana) have more complex markings on pronotum, at least with a distinct pair of blackish submedian fasciae); forewing with infuscations only present on r and r-m crossveins, while absent on apices of longitudinal veins of apical cells (same as in M. beaudouini, M. divergens, M. juno and M. tonkiniana) (M.anhweiensis and M. kiangsuensis have forewings with infuscations present on r and r-m crossveins, as well as on apices of longitudinal veins of apical cells) (M.assamensis, M. kareisana, M. khuanae, M. lamdongensis, M. matsumurai, M. perakana, M. sapaensis, M. saturata, M. suavicolor and M. umbrata have forewings with infuscations present on r, r-m, m and m-cu crossveins, as well as on apices of longitudinal veins of apical cells); uncal claspers slender, straightly protruding posterolaterally, roundly obtuse at apices and slightly bent inwards at sharp apices in lateral view (M.beaudouini, M. divergens, M. juno and M. tonkiniana have quite broad uncal claspers).

Etymology
The new species is dedicated to Mr. Lei Feng (Weifang, China), a Chinese amateur obsessing with cicadas, for his help to my taxonomic study on Cicadidae.The name is a noun in the genitive case."冯氏大马蝉" is proposed for the Chinese common name of this new species.

Table 2
subconical, strongly converging apically; operculum short, slightly emarginate sublaterally at posterior margin, extending slightly beyond posterior margin of abdominal sternite II and separated from each other a little more than 1.5 times of one width of them; abdominal tergite III 1.2 times as wide as mesonotum; abdominal

Table 2 .
Morphometric values (mm) for each female type of Macrosemia fengi Wang sp.nov.