Two-dimensional t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding) plots of the BirdNET embeddings for two aggregated biotic classes and unambiguous examples from individual species included in the aggregated classes. Each data point on the plot corresponds to an individual 2-second audio clip. Panel A plots the t-SNE embedding for the paruli aggregated class, which includes MacGillivray's Warbler Geothlypis tolmiei (Townsend, 1839; eBird code: macwar), Nashville Warbler Leiothlypis ruficapilla (Wilson, 1811; eBird code: naswar), Yellow-rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata (Linnaeus, 1766; eBird code: yerwar) and Wilson's Warbler Cardellina pusilla (Wilson, 1811; eBird code: wlswar). Panel B plots the t-SNE embedding for the Setophaga aggregated class, which includes Hermit Warbler Setophaga occidentalis (Townsend, 1837; eBird code: herwar), Townsend's Warbler Setophaga townsendi (Townsend, 1837; eBird code: towwar) and Black-throated Gray Warbler Setophaga nigrescens (Townsend, 1837; eBird code: btywar). This visualisation compares the aggregated classes to known examples from key species, evaluating the overlap of individual species embeddings relative to their assigned aggregated class.