Two new species of Striglina Guenée, 1877 (Lepidoptera, Thyrididae) from China

Abstract Background The genus Striglina is the most species-rich genus in the subfamily Striglininae, which includes about 80 species and subspecies and it has always been a popular research taxon within Thyrididae. New information Two new species of the genus Striglina Guenée, 1877, S.whalleyi sp. nov. and S.pararubricans sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Striglinawhalleyi sp. nov. is similar to S.irresectaobscura Whalley, 1976, but its wing ground colour is lighter and the sacculus process is shorter. Striglinapararubricans sp. nov. is similar to S.rubricans, but the fore-wing is narrower, the uncus processes and sacculus process are longer. Holotypes are deposited in the Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou.


Introduction
The genus Striglina was established by Guenée in 1877 with S. lineola Guenée, 1877 as its type species.To avoid replacing a better-known generic name by another unused name, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature placed the name Striglina on the Offical List instead of the order generic name Daristane Walker, 1850 (Nye 1974).Whalley (1976) revised the genus Striglina and defined its generic characters as follows: eyes without interfacetal hairs; antennae usually minutely ciliate; proboscis present; labial palps 3-segmented; fore tibia with epiphysis; hind tibia with two pairs of spines; tarsi with spines, usually rows, sometimes apical groups of three; hind-wing with Sc+R and Rs free, occasionally joined for part of the length; uncus modified; gnathos with peg-like teeth; valva reduced; subscaphium with long scales or strongly sclerotised; female with triple frenula, rarely double; ostial plate highly sclerotised; bursa duct often long, convolute; spiny signum usually present in bursa.Chu and Wang (1991) Subsequently, Owada (2017) and Owada (2019) revised the Striglina cancellata complex in the S. venia species-group and reviewed fourteen species of the subfamily Striglininae from Taiwan.Most recently, Owada (2023) studied the tibiaria-group of Striglina and discussed the origin and evolution of the male scent organs and ovoviviparity.Before this paper, the genus included about 80 species and subspecies around world (Whalley 1976, Owada et al. 2016, Owada 2017, Owada 2019, Owada 2023).In this paper, we added two new species to Chinese fauna.

Materials and methods
The specimens were collected using a light trap.Adults were photographed by a NIKON CoolPix S7000 digital camera.Abdomens were removed and macerated in hot 10% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for examination of genitalia, photographs of which were taken under a Zeiss SteReo Discovery V.12.Adults and genitalia photos were all processed by Adobe Photoshop CC2018 software.Terminology of adult and genitalia follows Whalley (1976).

Description
Male (Fig. 1a).Wingspan 23-25 mm.Antennae filiform, brown; head dark brown; thorax, tegulae and legs brownish-yellow; abdomen dorsally brown.Fore-wing ground colour brownish-yellow with dark brown posterior line from near apex to middle of inner margin, near the discal cell with two large dark puncta; cilia whitish-yellow, terminally black.Hind-wing ground colour brownish-yellow, median line indistinct at costa.Male genitalia (Fig. 3a).Uncus bifid apically, with two shorter processes; two lateral processes apically curved inwards.Subscaphium hairy.Gnathos strip-type with serried tooth.The valvae weak membranous straps; median valval process weak.Sacculus process short sclerotised, enlarged apically.Aedeagus short and broad with a cluster of cornuti.

Diagnosis
This new species resembles S. irresecta obscura Whalley, 1976, but the ground colour of wings is yellow (reddish-brown in the latter, Fig. 1a, b), the oblique line from apex to middle of dorsum is straight, dark brown (ochre in the latter).In male genitalia, the uncus is broader, the sacculus process is shorter than S. irresecta obscura, the aedeagus is broader basal (Fig. 3a, b).

Etymology
The species is dedicated to Mr. Paul Ernest Sutton Whalley, in honour of his marvellous work on Thyrididae.

Notes
Our study shows that S. irresecta obscura seems more closely related to the new species than to S. irresecta irresecta morphologically and zoogeographically.Judging from the holotype pictures (Fig. 2) from the Natural History Museum (2014), the hindwing pattern of S. irresecta is also showing the same characteristics.Two new species of Striglina Guenée, 1877 (Lepidoptera, Thyrididae) from ...

Description
Male (Fig. 1c).Wingspan 28-30 mm.Antennae filiform, dark brown; head ochrous, labial palpus long, upcurved, ochrous brown; thorax and tegulae covered in ochrous scales; abdomen dorsally dark brown.Fore-wing ground colour whitish ochrous with a broad dark brown striation from apex to middle of hind margin, reticulate pattern prominent.Hind-wing ground colour light brown, wing pattern not as obvious as forewing.

Diagnosis
This wing pattern of the new species resembles S. rubricans Owada et Huang, 2016, but the fore-wing is narrower and the outer margin is curved (triangular fore-wing in rubricans Fig. 1c, d), posterior line with a large dark brown area, the uncus is thinner and two processes are longer, the median valval process is thinner and more sclerotised, the sacculus process is slender (Fig. 3c, d).

Etymology
The specific name pararubricans is derived from the other specific name rubricans due to the resemblance of the present new species in morphological characters to the species S. rubricans.