A new species of Margaromantis Piza, 1982 (Insecta: Mantodea) from Brazil

Abstract A second species of the Neotropical mantid genus Margaromantis Piza, 1982, Margaromantis nigrolineata sp. n. is described from Bahia, Brazil. This new species can be recognized by the presence of a transverse black strip between compound eyes in the vertex; fore femora exhibiting black calluses on the inner face; lacking yellowish strips over the transverse veins on the metathoracic wings; left dorsal phallomere with rectangular ventral lamina, elongated and grooved lateral process, and a flattened, but not twisted apical process that is upwardly recurved.


Introduction
The genus Margaromantis was described by Piza (1982) in monotypy for Margaromantis margaritaria Piza, 1982. After several nomenclatural changes this species is currently know as Margaromantis planicephala (Rehn, 1916) (Rivera 2010). Rehn (1916) described the species Metriomantis planicephala Rehn which was transferred by Lombardo (1999) to a new monotypic genus Rehniella. In independent publications in the same year, Koçak and Kemal (2008) and Özdikmen (2008) proposed new names for Rehniella, due to synonymy with Rehniella Herbard, 1928 (Orthoptera): in May Koçak and Kemal (2008) proposed the name Colombiella and in June Özdikmen (2008) proposed the name Lombardoa. In October of the same year, after taking notice of the name proposed by Özdikmen (2008), Koçak (2008) transformed the name Lombardoa into a new synonym to Colombiella as the latter name takes priority. Therefore, the accepted name for the species was Colombiella planicephala (Rehn). Rivera (2010) synonymized the species Margaromantis margaritaria Piza, 1982 andColombiella planicephala (Rehn, 1916) resulting in the current nomenclature of the species Margaromantis planicephala (Rehn).
In this paper we describe a second species of Margaromantis and discuss its geographic distribution.

Materials and methods
In this study, we examined specimens collected in inventoried areas by the Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade do Semiárido (PPBio / Semiárido) and specimens deposited in the Coleção Entomológica Professor Johann Becker do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (MZFS), Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. To study the male genitalia, the abdomina of the specimens were detached behind the eighth segment and treated according to the protocols of Cumming (1992). Genital nomenclature follows Cerdá (1993). The specimens studied were deposited in MZFS.
The program QGIS 2.0.1 -Dufour was used to construct the map.

Description
Male: Body (Fig. 1a) stout, green in color; length from eyes to subgenital plate, 35.55 mm.
Head (Fig. 1b)  Mesothoracic wings: ca. 4.17 times longer than pronotum and long as the metathoracic wings when folded, wings extend beyond the tip of abdomen. Veins green. Venules of the costal area anastomosed in basal 1/5, straight and parallel in upper 4/5.
Metathoracic wings: ca. 3.63 times longer than pronotum; wing membrane hyaline with light green apex above the anterior medial vein; yellowish strips over transversal veins absent (Fig. 1a). Veins green.
Mid and hind legs: pilose; mid femora ca. 0.95 times as long as pronotum; mid tibia ca. 0.74 times as long as pronotum; hind femur and tibia ca. 1.06 times longer than pronotum.
Female. Unknown. Probably the female has the same pattern of male color, with black calluses on forefemora and black strip on the vertex.

Diagnosis
Vertex with a transverse black strip between compound eyes. Fore femora exhibiting black calluses on inner face. Metathoracic wings lacking yellowish strips over transverse veins. Left dorsal phallomere exhibiting a rectangular ventral lamina; lateral process elongated, grooved; apical process flattened and not twisted, upwardly recurved.

Etymology
The species epithet nigrolineata refers to the transverse black strip present on the vertex.

Distribution
Margaromantis nigrolineata sp. n. is currently found at an altitude above 900 m in areas of central Bahia with a semiarid climate (Fig. 3)  areas above 900 m altitude in central Bahia. Considering that specimens were not collected in the meridian part of Chapada Diamantina mountains beyond the Abaíra, it is possible that this species also occurs south of the Espinhanço Range.

Taxon discussion
Margaromantis nigrolineata sp. n. differs from M. planicephala by the following characteristics: 1) presence of a black strip in the vertex (Fig. 1b), absent in M. planicephala; 2) fore femora with circular black callouses on the inner face (Fig. 1d), whereas in M. planicephala they are ivory; 3) membrane of the metathoracic wings completely hyaline (Fig. 1a), without the yellowish transverse strips present in M. planicephala; 4) the dorsal lamina in the left dorsal phallomere wider (Fig. 2d)