A checklist of the Ukrainian Xoridinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)

Abstract The Ukrainian Xoridinae list containing 28 species is reviewed. Four species, Xorides flavotibialis Hilszczanski, 2000, X. hedwigi Clement, 1938, Xorides rufipes (Gravenhorst, 1829), and X. rusticus (Desvignes, 1856) are recorded in the Ukrainian fauna for the first time. Agrilus biguttatus F. is recorded as a host of Ischnoceros caligatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) for the first time.

The first Ukrainian Xoridinae list, provided by Meyer (1934), included 10 species, mainly recorded from Central and South-Eastern Ukraine. About a half a century later, Kasparyan (1981) prodived new data about the distribution of xoridines in Ukraine. In this work, what is today Ukraine was marked as "South" and "South-West" (and "West" together with Belarus) of the European part of the former USSR. In most cases the records are from Eastern Ukraine, but they lack specific locality information (only in some cases the author provided a clear locality name, e.g. Kharkiv). Western Ukraine, especially the Carpathians, remained largely unstudied for xoridines until 2014. Recent research carried out by the author demonstrated high Xoridinae species richness in the region (Varga 2014a, Varga 2014b).
The main goal of this paper is to provide summarized data on the distribution of the subfamily Xoridinae in Ukraine, which will provide a basis for a future revision of this group.

Materials and methods
This study is based on specimens collected by sweep netting and Malaise (Fig. 1) and conical traps ( Fig. 1) (so-called Tereshkin′s traps, see Tereshkin (1990)). The sampling was done by the author in the Ukrainian Carpathians in 2014 and 2015. The specimens are deposited in the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (Kiyv, Ukraine). Material from the Zoological Institute of St Petersburg, Russia, was also studied. The images were taken at the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University (Iasi, Romania) using a Leica stereomicroscope 205A with DFC 500 camera, combined with Zerene® software. The species were identified using keys provided by Kasparyan (1981) and Hilszczanski (2000). The images of most of the species were sent to Jacek Hilszczanski to confirm their identification. General distribution of species follows Yu et al. (2012).

Notes
There is only one specimen with a very old and illegible label, and itseems to be collected (as the other species in the collection) from South-East Ukraine. Therefore, the data provided is from the literature.

Notes
There is only specimen with a very old and illegible label, and itseems to be collected (as the other species in the collection) from South-East Ukraine. Therefore, the data provided is from the literature.

Discussion
Before this work, the Ukrainian Xoridinae was a poorly studied group of ichneumonids comprising just 15 species, mainly recorded by Meyer (1934) and Kasparyan (1981). The  Xorides stepposus Kasparyan, 1981. main collections were deposited in Russian museums. Unfortunately, Meyer's collection was lost during the Second World War and now none of these records can be considered valid as there are no voucher specimens available. Thus, Xorides gracilicornis (Gravenhorst, 1829) recorded by Meyer (1934) from the Kiyv Region should be excluded from the Ukrainian list. The same is true for another species, X. fuligator (Thunberg, 1822), which is known only from a questionable record by Besser (1835) from the Volyn Region.
The Ukrainian distribution of the other species recorded by Meyer (1934) were confirmed in a later work (Kasparyan 1981). This latter collection is deposited in the Zoological Institute of St Petersburg, Russia, and comprises specimens collected mainly from the South-Eastern part of Ukraine (Crimea, Kherson and Kharkiv Regions). Up to 2014, there was no separate Xoridinae collection in the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology in Kiyv. Only a few pinned specimens (identified by Dmitriy R. Kasparyan) were located in a box with "mixed" ichneumonids. After the recent investigation of the Carpathian Xoridinae fauna (Varga 2014a, Varga 2014b), this collection was largely replenished, increasing the number of the Ukrainian xoridines to 24 species. In addition, some unidentified and unpinned specimens (collected by other scientists) deposited in the institute's collection were also studied by the author. As a result, four new species, X. flavotibialis Hilszczanski, 2000, X. hedwigi Clement, 1938, Xorides rufipes (Gravenhorst, 1829, and X. rusticus (Desvignes, 1856) were added to the Ukrainian list.