Anoplophorahuangjianbini sp. n. from Fujian and Guangxi, China (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)

Abstract Background The genus Anoplophora Hope, 1839 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Lamiini) includes 47 species (without subspecies) occurring in East, South and Southeast Asia. Amongst them, 38 species are known from CHINA. Members of this genus are familiar to Chinese people with a widely-used common name: “星天牛 [starry longhorn beetle]”. Anoplophora species have great economic importance, attacking and damaging numerous hardwood trees and some coniferous trees. New information A new species of starry longhorn beetle, Anoplophorahuangjianbini sp. n. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Lamiini) is described from Fujian and Guangxi, CHINA. Diagnostic characters of the new species are illustrated and comparison with closely-related congeners is provided.


Introduction
The genus Anoplophora Hope, 1839 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Lamiini) can be separated from allied genera by a combination of the following characters: female sternite VII with lateral notches approximately at the level where the ventral apodeme of sternite VIII attaches; mesotergum consisting of two overlapping plates (as in Monochamus and Eupromus), but overlap evenly and broadly convex laterally, with small notches extending laterally anterior to the base of scutellum; antennal scape with small to large apical cicatrix; and pronotum with posteromedial callus in most species (Lingafelter and Hoebeke 2002). Since the monograph of "Revision of the genus Anoplophora (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)" by Lingafelter and Hoebeke (2002), ten species and two subspecies have been included in Anoplophora. Anoplophora siderea Bi, Chen & Ohbayashi, 2020, A. fanjingensis Yang, Yang &Tian, 2020 andA. puxian Wang &He, 2021 are the latest three species contributing to the genus (Bi et al. 2020, Yang et al. 2020, Wang and He 2021. Shortly after our description of Anoplophora puxian, Mr. Jian-Bin Huang (Nanping, CHINA) presented us with a pair of specimens from Fujian, CHINA, which were identified as an unkown species of Anoplophora. Later, more specimens of this species were available to us from different sources, including those from Guangxi, CHINA. Herein, we describe and illustrate it under the name of Anoplophora huangjianbini sp. n. Therefore, the number of the Anoplophora species from CHINA comes to 39 (without subspecies) (Lin and Tavakilian 2019, Lin 2020, Wang and He 2021). Important morphological characters of the new species are illustrated and its differential diagnosis from related species is provided.

Materials and methods
Specimens were relaxed and softened in a HH-2 digital homoeothermic water bath at 44.4℃ for 14 hours, then transferred to distilled water to clean, observe and dissect. In order to examine the genitalia, the abdomen was detached and treated with a 10% solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) for 12 hours, then transferred to distilled water to remove the remaining KOH and stop any further bleaching. After examination, the body parts were mounted on a glass slide with Euparal Mounting Medium for future studies. Habitus images were taken using a Canon 50D DSLR with a Canon EF 100 mm f/2.8L IS USM lens and a Canon MT-24EX Macro Twin Lite Flash was used as the light source. Images of the morphological details were taken using a Canon macro photo lens MP-E 65 mm on a Canon 5DsR. Images of the same specimen/structure at different focal planes were combined using Zerene Stacker 1.04 stacking software. Adobe Photoshop CS6 was used for post-processing. The terminology adopted in this paper for external features of the body and genitalia follows Lawrence et al. 2011.
The following material was studied for comparison: Anoplophora chiangi Hua & Zhang, 1991. CHINA: 1♂ (Fig. 2D)  Measurement criteria in millimetres (mm) are as follows: antennal length: length between the base and the apex of antenna; body length: length between the head vertex and the elytral apex along the mid-line; elytral length: length between the basal border and the apex of elytra along suture; head length: length between the anterior apex of clypeus and the posterior margin of occiput along the midline; head width: widest part of head (including eyes); humeral width: width across elytral humeri; pronotal length: length of the pronotum along the mid-line; pronotal apical width: width across the apical margin of pronotum; pronotal basal width: width across the basal margin of pronotum; pronotal maximum width: widest part of pronotum (including lateral spines). width: head (5.9), pronotal apex (6.2), pronotal base (6.6), elytral humeri (10.1).

Taxon treatment
Habitus ( Fig. 1A and B). Body oval. Integumentary colour of body and appendages blackish; eyes black; elytra blackish with weak green sheen. Frons, genae and vertex almost glabrous. Temples moderately clothed with slender, recumbent, pale pubescence. Scape and pedicel densely clothed with short, recumbent, pale pubescence; in addition, pedicel with whitish pubescence at mesial side.
Antennomeres III-XI annulated by whitish pubescence at bases and apices and clothed with dark brown pubescence in middle parts; annulations broadening apically and apical three antennomeres almost entirely covered with whitish pubescence, except in middle of mesial side. Pronotum almost glabrous, inserted with several moderately long, suberect, dark brown setae after lateral spines. Scutellum clothed with whitish pubescence. Elytra mostly glabrous; each elytron provided with several small maculae of white pubescence, roughly arranged in four transverse rows and one relatively large macula along apical margin. Ventral surface predominantly clothed with fine pale pubescence, laterals of metasternum and abdominal sternites III-VII provided with maculae of whitish pubescence. Legs mostly clothed with dark brown pubescence, but with bluish-white pubescence on basal half of tibiae and tarsal dorsum.
Head subcylindrical, 1.7 times wider than long, widest at posterior margin of lower eye lobes, slightly narrowed posteriorly. Vertex, frons and genae sparsely covered with fine punctures, interstices microreticulate. Anteclypeus membranous, transverse, without setae or evident punctures; anterior margin straight. Frons with fine median groove extending from anterior margin to occiput. Vertex moderately concave; antennal tubercles prominent.
Mouthparts. Labrum wider than long, covered with short brownish setae on dorsal surface, especially dense along anterior margin and with long, strong, blackish setae in apicolateral areas; anterior margin gently emarginate. Mandible short, regularly arcuate at outer edge. Maxillary and labial palpi with ultimate palpomeres fusiform, truncated at apices.
Pronotum subcylindrical, slightly widening basally, 0.8 times as long as basal width, widest at lateral spines. Lateral spine conical, with subacute apex laterally directed and slightly retrousse. Posteromedial callus moderately developed and elevated. Surface with a few umbilicated granules and wrinkles between lateral spine and posteromedial callus.
Elytra semi-oval, 2.0 times as long as humeral width, widest just after humeri. Humeral width 1.5 times wider than pronotal base. Lateral margin gradually narrowing towards conjointly rounded apices; sutural angle round. Surface smooth, without any granules, sparsely covered with fine punctures, interstices microreticulate.
Ventral side. Prosternum smooth; prosternal process almost smooth, apically truncated. Mesosternal process with one strong middle tubercle. Metaventrite with fine median groove extending from sub-base to apical 3/7. Metanepisternum wedge-like; anterior margin widely rounded; ventral margin gently incurved at anterior area and slightly wide at posterior area.
Male paratypes. Body 28.1-28.8 mm long. Five male types have the same body colour, without evident variations. Whitish or white pubescence stained with bluish tint in different degrees. Some males sparsely clothed with white pubescence on anterolateral and lateral areas of pronotum (lost in holotype). Due to the condition of  different specimens, whitish or white pubescence or maculae may be distinct, vague or absent.
Similar to male in general appearance, but distinct by the following characters: body much larger ( Fig. 1C and D); antennae much shorter, about 1.6 times as long as body, with apical four antennomeres exceeding elytral apices; ventral surface with whitish maculae broader; abdominal tergite VII (Fig. 3A) and sternite VII (Fig. 3B) deeply emarginate in middle of posterior margins; spermatheca (Fig. 6A) short, stout, bisinuate, also bisinuate in lateral view (Fig. 6B).

Etymology
The new species is dedicated to the collector of most type specimens, Mr. Jian-Bin Huang (Nanping, CHINA), an enthusiastic amateur entomologist. The name is a noun in the genitive case. "剑斌星天牛 (Pinyin: Jian Bin Xing Tian Niu)" is proposed for the Chinese common name of this new species.

Field observations
Habitat with broad-leaved mixed forest at Luoboding (Fujian) is shown in Fig. 7A and B. Living adults are shown in Fig. 7C and D.