Corresponding author: Paulo A. V. Borges (
Academic editor: Rui Elias
The data we present are part of the AGRO-ECOSERVICES project (Assessing ecosystem services and disservices provided by arthropod species in Azorean agroecosystems). The project aims to evaluate the relative importance of native and non-native organisms as ecosystem services (ES) and disservices (ED) providers, by combining novel, direct and quantitative tools for monitoring agro-biodiversity. Ecosystem services include evaluation of natural pest control by predation, seed predation on weed plants, pollination, decomposition and ecosystem disservices, herbivory and seed predation on crop plants. Active Aerial Searching (AAS) (only in maize-fields) and pitfall traps were used to sample the arthropod biodiversity (predatory spiders, true-bugs and beetles and main insect pests) on four agricultural habitats of Terceira Island, namely citrus orchards, low and high elevation maize fields and vineyards.
We provided an inventory of all arthropods recorded in four Azorean agroecosystems (citrus orchards, low and high elevation maize fields and vineyards) from Terceira Island. A total of 50412 specimens were collected, belonging to four classes, 20 orders, 81 families and 200 identified species of arthropods. A total of 127 species are considered introduced (n = 22646) and 69 native non-endemic (n = 24117). Four endemic species were recorded with very few specimens (n = 14) and 3635 specimens belong to unidentified taxa recorded only at genus or family level. Five species are new records for Terceira Island, with
Land-use transformation with associated habitat degradation, is one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss worldwide (
However, although exotic species have a competitive advantage to colonise new human-altered habitats given that their tolerance to wide range of environmental conditions and habitats (e.g. generalist behaviour) (
Many species were also introduced because of human settlement (
Azorean terrestrial arthropod fauna have been extensively surveyed in the last two decades. Although most surveys have been conducted in native forests (e.g.
In 2019 and 2020, we started the project “Assessing Ecosystem Services and Disservices provided by Arthropod species in Azorean Agroecosystems” (AGRO-ECOSERVICES). This project aims to: (i) initiate the monitoring of terrestrial arthropods in agricultural habitats, (ii) implement novel, direct and quantitative tools to quantify ecosystem services (ES) and disservices (ED) and (iii) evaluate the relative importance of native and non-native organisms as ES/ED providers.
Arthropods, especially insects, support ecosystem stability and functioning (
Oceanic islands have a high proportion of endemic species, being very sensitive to biotic disturbance, such as invasions and land-use changes (
This publication contributes not only to a better knowledge of the arthropods present in agroecosystems of Terceira Island, but will also contribute as a baseline for future monitoring schemes in Azorean agroecosystems targeting the long-term change in arthropod diversity and abundance.
To provide an arthropod inventory of agro-ecosystems from Terceira Island (Azores), based on data collected in four agro-ecosystems, citrus orchards, low and high elevation maize fields and vineyards. This study will contribute to a better knowledge of the arthropods present in agro-ecosystems and will serve as a baseline for future monitoring schemes in Azorean agro-ecosystems targeting the long-term change in arthropod diversity and abundance.
The study was conducted between July 2019 and September 2021 in Terceira Island. Active Aerial Searching (only in maize-fields) and pitfall traps were used to sample the arthropod biodiversity (pollinators and predatory spiders, true-bugs and beetles and main insect pests) on four agricultural habitats, namely citrus orchards, vineyards, low elevation maize fields and high elevation maize fields. Information on ecosystem services (ES) and disservices (ED) providers will be the subject of another publication.
AgEcSe- AGRO-ECOSERVICES - Assessing ecosystem services and disservices provided by arthropod species in Azorean Agroecosystems (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000073)
Project leaders: Paulo A. V. Borges and António Onofre Soares
Team members: Marco Ferrante, Artur Gil, Marco Girardello, David H. Lopes, Paulo Monjardino, Rui Nunes.
External Consultants: Sven Bacher, Gabor Lövei, François Rigal
Parataxonomists: Jonne Bonnet, Ricardo Costa, Rui Nunes
Darwin Core Database management: Paulo A. V. Borges, Lucas Lamelas-López, Enésima Pereira
Terceira Island (area: 400.2 km²; elevation: 1021 m a.s.l.) is located in the central group of the Azores Archipelago (North Atlantic), roughly at 38.638 N and -27.0150 W (Fig.
The sampled habitats included citrus orchards, vineyards and low elevation maize fields, all located at low elevation areas and high elevation maize fields (Fig.
This work was financed by FEDER (European Regional Development Fund) in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through the Operational Program Azores 2020, under the project AGRO-ECOSERVICES (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000073).
The study was conducted in four agro-ecosystems of Terceira Island (Fig.
Active Aerial Searching (AAS) and pitfall traps were used to sample arthropod diversity. The following main functional groups were collected: predatory arthropods (mostly spiders, true-bugs, beetles and bugs), phytophagous insects and saprophagous arthropods (mostly millipedes and beetles).
AAS consists in picking arthropods found above knee-level by hand, using forceps, pooter or brush and immediately transferring them into vials containing ethanol 96%. It was implemented in five low- and five high-elevation maize fields. Four 1-hour samples were obtained during the night when the main predators are more active. Sampling was performed in the summer when the maize plants were at maximum development. Samples were taken by Paulo A. V. Borges and Rui Nunes (two hours each per site).
Pitfall traps were standard 330 ml plastic cups, 8 cm wide at the top and approximately 12 cm deep - European standard plastic cups (Fig.
In each of five citrus orchards and six (of ten available) maize fields (three in low- and three in high-elevation areas), 16 pitfall traps organised in sets of two connected with a grid (Fig.
For vineyards, a different strategy had to be followed since Azorean vineyards are formed by small rocky enclosures (between 6-20 m2) (Fig.
Sampling methods used in citrus and vineyards (pitfall traps) only provide information on the soil-related arthropods; most of crop insect pests (canopy associated species) are not sampled by this sampling technique.
All sampled specimens were first sorted by trained paratoxonomists (Jonne Bonnet, Ricardo Costa, Rui Nunes). All specimens were allocated to a taxonomic species by Paulo A. V. Borges. Juveniles were also included in the data presented in this paper since the low diversity of species in Azores allows their reliable identification. Colonisation status for each identified species is based on
A reference collection for Azorean arthropods (deposited at the Dalberto Teixeira Pombo Insect Collection, University of Azores) started to be prepared in 1999 by one of us (PAVB) and many taxonomists contributed since then in the identification of species. For all the specimens for which adequate identification was not possible, a new "morphospecies code" was created.
Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal.
38.638 and 38.814 Latitude; -27.394 and -27.0150 Longitude.
The following classes and orders of arthropods are covered:
Rank | Scientific Name | Common Name |
---|---|---|
class |
|
Spiders |
class |
|
Opilions |
class |
|
Pseudoscorpions |
class |
|
Millipedes |
class |
|
Centipedes |
order |
|
Bristletails |
order |
|
Earwigs |
order |
|
Crickets, Grasshoppers |
order |
|
Barklice |
order |
|
Thrips |
order |
|
Bugs |
order |
|
Lacewings |
order |
|
Beetles |
order |
|
Ants |
order |
|
Moths |
No data available.
16 July 2019 to 9 June 2021
Entomoteca Dalberto Teixeira Pombo at University of Azores
DTP
All specimens were preserved in 96% ethanol.
Dalberto Teixeira Pombo insect collection at the University of the Azores (Curator: Paulo A. V. Borges)
Creative Commons Public Domain Waiver (CC-Zero)
Monitoring Arthropods in Azorean Agroecosystems: the project AGRO-ECOSERVICES (AgEcSe)
1
Monitoring Arthropods in Azorean Agroecosystems: the project AGRO-ECOSERVICES
Darwin Core Archive
version 1.10
The dataset is available on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility platform, GBIF (
Column label | Column description |
---|---|
Table of Sampling Events | Table with sampling events data (beginning of table). |
eventID | Identifier of the events, unique for the dataset. |
stateProvince | Name of the region of the sampling site. |
islandGroup | Name of archipelago. |
island | Name of the island. |
country | Country of the sampling site. |
countryCode | ISO code of the country of the sampling site. |
municipality | Municipality of the sampling site. |
decimalLongitude | Approximate centre point decimal longitude of the field site in GPS coordinates. |
decimalLatitude | Approximate centre point decimal latitude of the field site in GPS coordinates. |
geodeticDatum | The ellipsoid, geodetic datum or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic coordinates given in decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude are based. |
coordinateUncertaintyInMetres | Uncertainty of the coordinates of the centre of the sampling plot. |
coordinatePrecision | Precision of the coordinates. |
georeferenceSources | A list (concatenated and separated) of maps, gazetteers or other resources used to georeference the Location, described specifically enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resources. |
locationID | Identifier of the location. |
fieldNumber | Code of the sample |
locality | Name of the locality. |
minimumElevationInMetres | The lower limit of the range of elevation (altitude, usually above sea level), in metres. |
habitat | The habitat of the sample. |
year | Year of the event. |
month | Month of the event. |
day | Day of the event. |
samplingEffort | The amount of effort expended during an Event. |
eventDate | Date or date range the record was collected. |
samplingProtocol | The sampling protocol used to capture the species. |
Occurrence Table | Table with species abundance data (beginning of new table). |
eventID | Identifier of the events, unique for the dataset. |
type | Type of the record, as defined by the Public Core standard. |
licence | Reference to the licence under which the record is published. |
institutionID | The identity of the institution publishing the data. |
institutionCode | The code of the institution publishing the data. |
collectionID | The identity of the collection publishing the data. |
collectionCode | The code of the collection where the specimens are conserved. |
datasetName | Name of the dataset. |
basisOfRecord | The nature of the data record. |
occurrenceID | Identifier of the record, coded as a global unique identifier. |
recordedBy | A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups or organisations who performed the sampling in the field. |
identifiedBy | A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups or organisations who assigned the Taxon to the subject. |
dateIdentified | The date on which the subject was determined as representing the Taxon. |
organismQuantity | A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms. |
organismQuantityType | The type of quantification system used for the quantity of organisms. |
sex | The sex and quantity of the individuals captured. |
lifeStage | The life stage of the organisms captured. |
scientificName | Complete scientific name including author and year. |
scientificNameAuthorship | Name of the author of the lowest taxon rank included in the record. |
kingdom | Kingdom name. |
phylum | Phylum name. |
class | Class name. |
order | Order name. |
family | Family name. |
genus | Genus name. |
specificEpithet | Specific epithet. |
infraspecificEpithet | Infrapecific epithet. |
taxonRank | Lowest taxonomic rank of the record. |
establishmentMeans | The process of establishment of the species in the location, using a controlled vocabulary: 'native', 'introduced', 'endemic', "unknown". |
identificationRemarks | Information about morphospecies identification (code in Dalberto Teixeira Pombo Collection). |
We collected a total of 50412 specimens, belonging to four classes, 20 orders and 81 families of arthropods. A total of 127 species are considered introduced (n = 22646) and 69 native non-endemic (n = 24117). Four endemic species were recorded with very few specimens (n = 14) and 3635 specimens belong to unidentified taxa recorded only at genus or family level.
Arachnids belonged to three orders,
A total of 200 species were identified (Table
The five most abundant species account for 64% of all identified specimens and include two ant species:
Within the non-identified morphospecies, the most abundant taxa was a millipede (MF 1006) with 1959 specimens mostly sampled in high elevation maize fields (see Suppl. material
Considering only identified species, a total of 10062 (21.48%), 7622 (16.27%), 16390 (34.99%) and 12763 (27.27%) specimens were collected and identified at species level in citrus orchards, low elevation maize fields, high elevation maize fields and vineyards, respectively (Table
The most abundant species in vineyards were the native ant
The most abundant species in citrus orchards were the native ant
The most abundant species in low elevation maize fields were also ants,
Finally, the most abundant species in high elevation maize fields were the introduced ground-beetle
Although the introduced species potentially have the ability to colonise and spread in human-disturbed habitats (e.g.
Five species are new records for Terceira Island: three beetles (
Importantly, the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2020 lists, as a priority, the mapping and assessment of the state of biodiversity, ecosystems and their services in all EU member states (
By focusing on Azorean Island agroecosystems (e.g. maize fields, vineyards, citrus orchards) and having the current baseline monitoring data, we aim to develop in the near future a multifaceted approach to gain more insight to evaluate the relative importance of native and exotic arthropod organisms as ecosystem services (ES)/ ecosystem disservices (ED) providers. In this way, it will be possible to understand the ecosystem processes and functions and the goods and services arthropods provide for improving the resilience of Azorean agro-ecosystems, as well as human well-being.
We thank all the farmers and landowners who permitted us to work on their properties: Adega Simas, Eleutério Nunes, Evangelho, Francisco Helvideo Barcelos, Marcelino Faria, Mozart Macedo Ávila, Narciso Borba, Paulo Ferreira, Ruben Barcelos, José Baldaya and Márcio.
This work was financed by FEDER (European Regional Development Fund) in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through the Operational Program Azores 2020, under the project AGRO-ECOSERVICES (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000073).
The Darwin-Core database was prepared within the scope of the project AZORESBIOPORTAL –PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072).
PAVB, PM, DHL, AOS, AG, FR, GL and MF contributed to study conceptualisation. PAVB, LLL, RN, PM, DHL and MF performed the fieldwork. PAVB, RN and RC performed the species sorting and identification. PAVB, EP and LLL contributed to dataset preparation and data analysis. All authors contributed to manuscript writing.
Map of the Azores Archipelago location in mid-Atlantic with the studied island TER - Terceira, marked in black (Credit: Enésima Pereira).
Map of the study area (Terceira Island, Azores). Codes of sites as in Table
A citrus orchard in Terceira Island (C5 - S. Carlos) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
The vineyards in Terceira Island (V3 - Biscoitos) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
A low elevation maize field in Terceira Island (ML3 - S. Mateus) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
A high elevation maize field in Terceira Island (MH5 -Poejo) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
Detail of a pitfall trap (standard 330 ml plastic cups, 8 cm wide at the top and approximately 12 cm deep) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
Pitfall traps used in citrus orchards and maize fields (sets of two connected with a grid) (Credit: Rui Nunes).
Description of the habitat, locality, elevation and coordinates of the 18 sampled sites on Terceira Island, Azores.
Code Site | Habitat | Location ID | Locality | Elevation (m a.s.l.) | Latitude | Longitude |
C1 | Citrus | TER_CITRUS_T1_T206 | Pico da Urze | 117 |
|
|
C2 | Citrus | TER_CITRUS_T2_T207 | Qt. Rosário | 158 |
|
|
C3 | Citrus | TER_CITRUS_T3_T208 | S. Bartolomeu | 189 |
|
|
C4 | Citrus | TER_CITRUS_T4_T209 | S. Bento | 66 |
|
|
C5 | Citrus | TER_CITRUS_T5_T210 | S. Carlos | 69 |
|
|
ML1 | Maize Low | TER_MAIZE_LOW_T2_T221 | Atalaia | 111 |
|
|
ML2 | Maize Low | TER_MAIZE_LOW_T1_T220 | Cinco Ribeiras | 90 |
|
|
ML3 | Maize Low | TER_MAIZE_LOW_T3_T222 | S. Mateus | 42 |
|
|
ML4 | Maize Low | TER_MAIZE_LOW_T4_T223 | Universidade dos Açores - Campus do Pico da Urze | 36 |
|
|
ML5 | Maize Low | TER_MAIZE_LOW_T5_T224 | Vinha Brava | 167 |
|
|
MH1 | Maize High | TER_MAIZE_HIGH_T1_T215 | Casa da Mina | 314 |
|
|
MH2 | Maize High | TER_MAIZE_HIGH_T2_T216 | Escampadouro | 309 |
|
|
MH3 | Maize High | TER_MAIZE_HIGH_T3_T217 | Granja | 385 |
|
|
MH4 | Maize High | TER_MAIZE_HIGH_T4_T218 | Juncal | 321 |
|
|
MH5 | Maize High | TER_MAIZE_HIGH_T5_T219 | Poejo | 275 |
|
|
V1 | Vineyards | TER_VINE_F1_T211 | Biscoitos Vinha_F1 | 23 |
|
|
V2 | Vineyards | TER_VINE_F2_T212 | Biscoitos Vinha_F2 | 52 |
|
|
V3 | Vineyards | TER_VINE_F3_T213 | Biscoitos Vinha_F3 | 28 |
|
|
Inventory of arthropods collected in four agroecosystems in Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal) following an elevation gradient: vineyards (Vine), citrus orchards (Citrus), maize fields at low elevation (Maize L) and at high elevation (Maize H). The list includes only the specimens identified at species-level. Class, order, family, scientific name follow alphabetical sequence. Colonisation status based on
class | order | family | scientificName | Origin | VINE | CITRUS | MAIZE L | MAIZE H | Total |
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 7 | 2 | 9 | |||
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INTR | 30 | 30 | ||||
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NAT | 37 | 50 | 87 | |||
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END | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 2 | 2 | 4 | |||
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INTR | 6 | 12 | 18 | |||
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INTR | 2 | 2 | ||||
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NAT | 25 | 4 | 29 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 4 | 70 | 20 | 15 | 109 | |
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INTR | 15 | 15 | 30 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 28 | 7 | 396 | 18 | 449 | |
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INTR | 1 | 3 | 3 | 13 | 20 | |
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INTR | 1 | 309 | 333 | 95 | 738 | |
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INTR | 2 | 176 | 484 | 662 | ||
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INTR | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | ||
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INTR | 117 | 7 | 53 | 177 | ||
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INTR | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 | ||
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INTR | 4 | 80 | 577 | 661 | ||
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INTR | 1 | 6 | 17 | 24 | ||
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NAT | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 11 | |
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INTR | 32 | 1 | 33 | |||
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INTR | 130 | 229 | 359 | |||
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INTR | 132 | 104 | 177 | 413 | ||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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END | 6 | 3 | 9 | |||
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INTR | 5 | 5 | 10 | |||
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INTR | 14 | 14 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 55 | 56 | |||
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INTR | 5 | 2 | 11 | 18 | ||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 8 | 69 | 77 | |||
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INTR | 16 | 71 | 87 | |||
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INTR | 2 | 2 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 3 | 4 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 934 | 7 | 14 | 1 | 956 | |
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NAT | 1 | 156 | 20 | 177 | ||
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NAT | 7 | 12 | 19 | |||
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INTR | 8 | 10 | 4 | 22 | ||
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INTR | 18 | 9 | 27 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
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NAT | 2 | 2 | ||||
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NAT | 15 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 21 | |
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NAT | 6 | 1 | 2 | 9 | ||
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INTR | 34 | 205 | 171 | 27 | 437 | |
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INTR | 6 | 6 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | |||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 138 | 138 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 4 | 14 | 18 | |||
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INTR | 221 | 1740 | 35 | 217 | 2213 | |
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 8 | 470 | 12 | 53 | 543 | |
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NAT | 3 | 4 | 7 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 166 | 176 | 343 | ||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
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INTR | 6 | 2 | 8 | ||
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NAT | 37 | 8 | 45 | |||
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NAT | 47 | 1 | 48 | |||
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INTR | 38 | 38 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 6 | 15 | 22 | ||
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INTR | 1 | 3 | 65 | 69 | ||
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NAT | 14 | 41 | 55 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 3 | 40 | 44 | ||
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INTR | 5 | 41 | 1 | 47 | ||
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NAT | 6 | 6 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 5 | 5 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 16 | 17 | |||
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INTR | 7 | 74 | 55 | 6995 | 7131 | |
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INTR | 25 | 25 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
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NAT | 10 | 10 | ||||
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INTR | 53 | 4 | 57 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 15 | 61 | 268 | 96 | 440 | |
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END | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 18 | 18 | ||||
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INTR | 71 | 3 | 2 | 76 | ||
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INTR | 4 | 4 | ||||
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NAT | 1 | 21 | 22 | |||
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INTR | 5 | 5 | ||||
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INTR | 4 | 1 | 5 | |||
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NAT | 2 | 2 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 4 | 2 | 51 | 57 | ||
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INTR | 8 | 8 | ||||
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END | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
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INTR | 3 | 13 | 16 | |||
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INTR | 14 | 14 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
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INTR | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 2 | 2 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 642 | 5 | 648 | ||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 49 | 22 | 1 | 72 | ||
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INTR | 15 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 23 | |
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INTR | 128 | 18 | 146 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 24 | 1 | 26 | ||
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INTR | 4 | 6 | 2 | 12 | ||
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INTR | 7 | 7 | ||||
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INTR | 6 | 6 | ||||
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INTR | 4 | 4 | ||||
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INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | ||
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NAT | 11 | 11 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 8 | 48 | 1321 | 1378 | |
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INTR | 10 | 377 | 4 | 8 | 399 | |
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INTR | 2 | 2 | ||||
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NAT | 10 | 10 | ||||
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INTR | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
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INTR | 1 | 76 | 66 | 49 | 192 | |
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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INTR | 6 | 6 | ||||
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INTR | 20 | 17 | 256 | 316 | 609 | |
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INTR | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
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INTR | 2 | 3 | 5 | |||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 308 | 1 | 309 | |||
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NAT | 59 | 45 | 104 | |||
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NAT | 7 | 70 | 178 | 12 | 267 | |
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 10 | 10 | ||||
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NAT | 22 | 4 | 41 | 67 | ||
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NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
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NAT | 2 | 365 | 757 | 1124 | ||
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NAT | 4 | 4 | ||||
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NAT | 127 | 127 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 11 | |
|
|
|
INTR | 3 | 3 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 3 | 1 | 4 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 2 | 116 | 26 | 144 | ||
|
|
|
INTR | 2 | 155 | 232 | 389 | ||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 6 | 43 | 49 | |||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 3 | 6 | 10 | ||
|
|
|
|
INTR | 3 | 3 | |||
|
|
|
NAT | 72 | 10 | 82 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 33 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 40 | |
|
|
|
NAT | 8 | 41 | 116 | 165 | ||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 7 | 3 | 10 | |||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 6 | 33 | 1 | 1 | 41 | |
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 4 | 4 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 493 | 231 | 724 | |||
|
|
|
NAT | 7 | 46 | 53 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 5 | 6 | 11 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 10 | 1 | 11 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 5 | 4 | 9 | |||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
|
|
|
NAT | 12 | 32 | 37 | 99 | 180 | |
|
|
|
NAT | 10283 | 3058 | 1444 | 1091 | 15876 | |
|
|
|
INTR | 2 | 2 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 272 | 367 | 1 | 640 | ||
|
|
|
NAT | 327 | 1329 | 1202 | 451 | 3309 | |
|
|
|
INTR | 215 | 135 | 1 | 351 | ||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 1 | 1559 | 1561 | ||
|
|
|
INTR | 10 | 10 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 2 | 2 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 27 | 1 | 29 | ||
|
|
|
INTR | 1 | 28 | 18 | 47 | ||
|
|
|
NAT | 1 | 1 | ||||
|
|
|
NAT | 2 | 2 | ||||
|
|
|
INTR | 3 | 1 | 4 | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Complete list of sampled species and mophospecies
Occurrences
Detailed complete list of sampled species and mophospecies with indication of the morphospecies codes in the column (Identification Remarks)
File: oo_611247.xlsx