The genus Pareuryaptus (Carabidae, Pterostichini) in China, with three new country records

Abstract Background Pareuryaptus is a genus of Carabidae containing 18 species and one subspecies, distributed mainly in the Oriental Region. However, only one species and one subspecies were recorded from China before the present study. New information Four species and one subspecies of Pareuryaptus are reported from China with three of them newly recorded: Pareuryaptusadoxus (Tschitschérine) from Yunnan; Pareuryaptusexiguus Dubault, Lassalle & Roux from Guangxi; and Pareuryaptusluangphabangensis Kirschenhofer from Yunnan. Moreover, the male of Pareuryaptusexiguus Dubault, Lassalle & Roux is firstly described and a key to all known Chinese species is provided.


Introduction
Pareuryaptus is a genus under the subtribe Trigonotomina (Carabidae, Pterostichini). Dubault et al. (2008a) established the genus Pareuryaptus to accommodate some species previously placed in genus Trigonotoma Dejean and described several new species. A total of 18 species and one subspecies are known in the genus, mainly distributed in the Oriental Realm. However, only one species and one subspecies were recorded from China before the present study.
It is not surprising for us to find some new records of Pareuryaptus in China, because many species are distributed in China's southern neighbouring countries, such as Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar. We obtained a specimen from Xishuangbanna (South Yunnan) in the second half of 2020, which aroused our interest in this genus. After that, to make a more complete study, we collected more specimens and studied the collection of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The primary purposes of this paper are to represent three new records of Pareuryaptus species from China, firstly to describe the male of P. exiguus that was originally described by a female holotype and to provide a key for all Chinese Pareuryaptus species.

Materials and methods
The specimens examined in the present study are from these collections: • In the citations of species, the following abbreviations of collections were mentioned, but there is no specimen examination from these collections: •  Body length = 12.2-12.6 mm. Dorsal surface largely black. Terminal maxillary palpimere cylindrical, of similar width as distal end of penultimate one, distinctly longer than penultimate one. Pronotum faintly blue, transversal round (pronotum width / pronotum length = 1.40-1.42), widest a little behind anterior third; pronotum densely and coarsely punctate between basal foveae; lateral margins hardly sinuate in front of posterior angles; posterior angles rounded and obtuse.
This species can be well distinguished from other Chinese species by the terminal maxillary palpimere cylindrical, not wider, but much longer than the penultimate one.

Remarks
Xishuangbanna, the collection locality of the two specimens we examined, is quite far from South Vietnam, the type locality of P. adoxus. However, we are confident in determining them as P. adoxus because all characteristics are nearly identical to the description and images of this species (Roux et al. 2016).
Body length = 12.6-13.7 mm. Dorsal surface dark brown to black. Terminal maxillary palpimere cylindrical, as long as penultimate one. Pronotum black, rounded, narrower than that of the previous species (pronotum width / pronotum length = 1.24-1.29), widest near middle; pronotum completely smooth between basal foveae; lateral margins hardly sinuate in front of posterior angles; posterior angles rounded and obtuse.
This species can be well distinguished from other Chinese species by the narrower pronotum and lateral margins evenly curved, widest near middle.

Supplementary descriptions.
Male genitalia: in lateral view, median lobe of aedeagus with ventral margin very weakly curved near middle, apical lamella nearly straight; in dorsal view, median lobe of aedeagus with both lateral margins sinuate, widest near basal third, gradually constricted near apical third, apex rounded with apical lamella very short, apical orifice opened left-dorsally.

Remarks
This species was originally described from a single female. We herein provide the first record of the male of this species and provide description and illustration for the male genitalia.

Distribution
Vietnam and a new record for China (Guangxi): Fig. 5.

Nomenclature
Kirschenhofer (2011) This species can be well distinguished from other Chinese species by its characteristic pronotum that is strongly cordate with evident sinuation in front of posterior angles, which are sharp.

Remarks
This species is somewhat similar to P. aethiops distributed in Myanmar. Based on the descriptions in literature (Roux et al. 2016), these two species are mainly different in the shape of pronotum: lateral margins evidently sinuate before posterior angles in P. luangphabangensis, but hardly sinuate in P. aethiops; apex of posterior angles sharp in P. luangphabangensis, but nearly rounded in P. aethiops.

Distribution
Laos and a new record for China (Yunnan): Fig. 5.