Corresponding author: Xiao-Yan Yang (
Academic editor: Ning Jiang
Nematode-trapping fungi are a highly specialised group in fungi and are essential regulators of natural nematode populations. At present, more than 130 species have been discovered in
Nematode-trapping fungi are important predators that capture nematodes by specialised trap structures (
The studies of nematode-trapping fungi have been poorly addressed in extreme habitats (
The soil samples were collected from a burned forest in Cangshan Mountain, Dali City, Yunnan Province, China (
The soil samples were sprinkled on corn meal agar (CMA) plates with sterile toothpicks. Free-living nematodes (
Fungal isolates were transferred to fresh potato dextrose agar plate (PDA) using a sterile toothpick and incubated at 26°C for colony characteristics observation. The pure cultures were transferred to fresh CMA observation plates (an observation well of 2×2 cm was made by removing the agar from the centre of the CMA plate) and incubated at 26°C. When the mycelium overspread the observation well, about 500 nematodes (
The genomic DNA was extracted from the mycelium grown on PDA plates according to the method described by
The sequences generated in this study were compared against the NCBI GenBank database using BLASTn (BLASTn;
SYM+I+G, GTR+I+G and GTR+I+G models were selected as best-fit optimal substitution models for ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2, respectively, via jModelTest v.2.1.10 (
MrBayes v. 3.2.6. (
IQ-Tree v.1.6.5 (
Maximum Parsimony (MP) analysis was performed via the web CIPRES Science Gateway v. 3.3 (
The trees were visualised with FigTree v.1.3.1 (
The species name “
China, Yunnan Province, Dali City, from burned forest soil.
The species name “
China, Yunnan Province, Dali City, Cangshan Mountain, from burned forest soil.
A total of 15
The phylogram inferred from the ITS+TEF1-α+RPB2 dataset clustered 42
Phylogenetically,
In the phylogenetic analysis,
Amongst nematode-trapping fungi, species in
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Program of P.R. China [Project ID: 31360013, 31460015], the National Natural Science Foundation Program-Yunnan union fund [Project ID:U1602262].
Maximum Likelihood tree, based on combined ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequence data from 42 nematode-trapping taxa in
GenBank accession numbers of isolates included in this study. The type strains are marked with T at the end of the strain number. The newly-generated sequences are indicated in bold.
Taxa | Strain numbers | GenBank accession numbers | Reference | ||
ITS | TEF1-α | RPB2 | |||
|
YMF1.00009 |
|
|
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Unpublished |
|
YMF1.00014T |
|
|
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Unpublished |
|
YMF1.00022 |
|
|
|
Unpublished |
YNWS02-7-1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CBS 206.64T |
|
|
|
|
|
CBS 487.90T | U51964 |
|
|
|
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CBS229.54T |
|
|
|
|
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CGMCC 3.19713T |
|
|
|
|
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CBS109.37 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
YMF1.00119 |
|
—— |
|
Unpublished |
|
1.01429 |
|
—— |
|
Unpublished |
|
701 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.01829 |
|
—— |
|
Unpublished |
|
CBS218.61 | U51950 | —— | —— |
|
|
ATCC 96710 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
DHP 212 | U72609 | —— | —— |
|
|
BCRC 34361 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
H.B.9925 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
H.B.9965 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
6178 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
FWY03-25-1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.0148 |
|
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Unpublished | |
|
1.00031 |
|
|
|
Unpublished |
|
expo-5 |
|
|
|
|
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1.00131 |
|
—— |
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Unpublished |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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YMF1.00553 |
|
—— |
|
Unpublished |
|
CBS 586.91 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
CBS175.55 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
YMF1.00583 |
|
|
|
Unpublished |
|
CBS 774.84 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
YMF1.03993 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
YMF1.00550 |
|
|
|
Unpublished |
|
CBS 319.56 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
CCRC 32872 | U51973 | —— | —— |
|
|
DHP 133 | U72606 | —— | —— |
|
|
H.B. 8317 |
|
—— | —— | Unpablished |
|
YNWS02-9-1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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1.01863 |
|
—— |
|
Unpublished |
|
YMF1.03216 |
|
—— | —— |
|
|
YXJ02-13-5 |
|
|
|
|