Distribution of the kurgans investigated in the steppe and forest steppe zones in southern Ukraine: (1) square – kurgans in the forest-steppe zone; (2) upside-down triangle – kurgans in the west and central Pontic herb-grass steppe and west and central Pontic herb-rich grass steppe zone; (3) triangle – kurgans in the west Pontic grass steppe zone; (4) circle – kurgans in the desert steppe zone. Designations according to Bohn et al. (2000): The forest steppe zone: D57 – southeast European herb- and grass-rich xerophytic pine and oak pine forests, F41 – east Polish- Ukrainian lime-pedunculate oak-hornbeam forests, F44 – Podolian-Moldavian thermophilous hornbeam-pedunculate oak forests; F62 – east pre-Carpathian-Moldavian sessile oak-hornbeam forests; L2 – Vohlyn-Podolian meadow steppes; L3 – Moldavian-Ukrainian meadow steppes; L4 – south Sarmatian meadow steppes; the steppe zones: M1 – west and central Pontic herb-rich grass steppes; M5 – west and central Pontic herb-grass steppes; M7 – Pontic hemi-psammophytic herb grass steppes; M8 – Pontic psammophytic herb grass steppes; M12 – west Pontic grass steppes; M12a – west Pontic grass steppes in combination with halophyte vegetation (solonchak); M16 – west and central Pontic desert steppes in combination with halophyte vegetation (solonchak, solonetz); P15 – west and central Pontic sand-dune vegetation; P30 – west Pontic halophytic vegetation; P34 – west and east Pontic salt meadows; R1 – freshwater tall reed swamps; U14 – Pontic hardwood alluvial forests (Sudnik-Wójcikowska et al. 2012).