Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) in Tolima, a Department of the Colombian Andes: an annotated checklist

Cristian J Zambrano-Forero; Lina R Dávila-Giraldo; Viviana Motato-Vásquez; Paula X Villanueva; Iang S Rondón-Barragán; Walter Murillo‑Arango

doi:10.3897/BDJ.11.e104307

Biodiversity Data Journal : Taxonomy & Inventories

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Taxonomy & Inventories

Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) in Tolima, a Department of the Colombian Andes: an annotated checklist

Cristian J Zambrano-Forero^‡,§, Lina R Dávila-Giraldo^‡,|, Viviana Motato-Vásquez^¶, Paula X Villanueva^‡, Iang S Rondón-Barragán^#,¤, Walter Murillo‑Arango^‡

‡ Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales (GIPRONUT), Departamento de Química, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta Cl 42 1-02, Ibagué, Colombia

§ Grupo de Investigación en Química de Plantas Colombianas, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

| Laboratorio Socio-jurídico en Creación e Innovación – IusLab. Universidad del Tolima. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Artes. Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia

¶ Grupo de Investigación en Biología de Plantas y Microorganismos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No, 100-00, Cali, Colombia

# Grupo de Investigación en Inmunología y Patogénesis, Laboratorio Inmunología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta Cl 42 1-02, Ibagué, Colombia

¤ Grupo de Investigación en Avicultura, Laboratorio Inmunología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Barrio Santa Helena Parte Alta Cl 42 1-02, Ibagué, Colombia

Corresponding author: Cristian J Zambrano-Forero (cjzambranof@ut.edu.co)

Academic editor: Alfredo Vizzini

Received: 30 Mar 2023 | Accepted: 05 Jun 2023 | Published: 25 Sep 2023

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Zambrano-Forero CJ, Dávila-Giraldo LR, Motato-Vásquez V, Villanueva PX, Rondón-Barragán IS, Murillo‑Arango W (2023) Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) in Tolima, a Department of the Colombian Andes: an annotated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 11: e104307. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e104307

Abstract

Background

Macrofungi are classified in the phylum Ascomycota and Basidiomycota and they are very important from an ecological and economic point of view. Most studies of fungi in Colombia have been carried out mainly in the Andean Region, especially in the Departments of Antioquia, Valle del Cauca and Cundinamarca. However, other Departments in the Andean Region, like Tolima, located in the Cordillera Central, are well documented for plants (4,797 species) and animals (2,983 species), but very poorly documented in terms of knowledge of fungal diversity.

New information

This study provides a compiled and annotated checklist of all known macrofungi in the Department of Tolima, based on published literature and on the identification of new specimens collected from five localities of the Department. All records were updated taxonomically and we include detailed information on the localities in which they are distributed in the Department. The list includes 164 taxa distributed in 15 orders (Agaricales, Polyporales, Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, Xylariales, Auriculariales, Thelephorales, Cantharellales, Hypocreales, Pezizales, Gloeophyllales, Phallales, Tremellales, Dacrymycetales) and eighteen records in a doubtful taxa section. We present 26 new reports, 19 for Tolima and nine for Colombia. We also provide genetic and phylogenetic evidence of the occurrence of Gloeoporus telephoroides and Podoscypha venustula in Colombia. This checklist provides the basis for future studies on species diversity and taxonomy in Tolima, by identifying the least studied taxa and ecosystems and conservation priorities.

Keywords

Andean Region, fungal biodiversity, new records, Neotropics, taxonomy

Introduction

Complex multicellular forms have evolved independently in many clades of the Eukaryota domain, including fungi, plants and animals (Torruella et al. 2015). Some groups of fungi form diverse macroscopic structures (sporomes) including mushrooms, stinkhorns, truffles, earth stars, puffballs, shelf fungi, clavarioid, coralloid fungi, discoid fungi and cup fungi. These organisms are artificially grouped as macrofungi and classified in the phylum Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Diversity estimates derived from data using plant species/macrofungal ratios indicate that there may be between 53,000 to 110,000 macrofungal species in the world (Mueller and Schmit 2007). Although macrofungi have perhaps the longest history of diversity studies of any group of fungi, they are still poorly studied in most of the world (Lodge et al. 2004, Mueller and Schmit 2007).

Colombia is considered the second country with the highest biodiversity on the planet with 75,947 biological records of known species in the different Kingdoms (SIB Colombia 2022a). These data, added to high rates of endemism, place the country as a priority region for the conservation of biodiversity worldwide (Myers and De Grave 2000). Although knowledge of diversity in the country has been limited by a strong taxonomic bias towards animals and plants (Baroni et al. 2007, Arbeláez-Cortés 2013), recent efforts by Colombian mycologists through the ColFungi project (Gaya et al. 2021; https://colfungi.org) have compiled the country's fungal diversity knowledge in a total of 7,241 species of fungi, of which 2,386 species belong to Basidiomycota (Franco-Molano et al. 2022) and 4,554 to Ascomycota (Sanjuan and Brothers 2022).

Most studies of fungi in Colombia have been carried out mainly in the Andean Region, especially in the Departments of Antioquia, Valle del Cauca and Cundinamarca (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022). However, other Departments in the Andean Region, like Tolima, located in the Cordillera Central, are well documented for plants (4,797 species) and animals (2,983 species), but very poorly documented in terms of knowledge of fungal diversity (SIB Colombia 2022b). Recently, Gómez-Montoya et al. (2022) reported 115 species of macrofungi of Basidiomycota in Tolima and Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano (2012) have reported only four species of Ascomycota.

The Department of Tolima presents six different ecosystems: Tropical Dry Forest, Wetland, Tropical Rainforest, pre-Montane Forest, Montane Humid Forest and Paramo. Currently, three National Natural Parks conserve the diversity of the Department; however, these protected areas are in the high parts of the mountain range, neglecting ecosystems such as the Tropical Dry Forest (CORTOLIMA 2013). Given that the agricultural and livestock frontier is spreading more and more, threatening the native forests, it is important to know the diversity of macrofungi present in Tolima, to raise awareness about their ecological importance and to provide information for their conservation (Quiroga et al. 2019).

Documenting patterns of biodiversity knowledge in megadiverse countries is an important component of understanding global biodiversity knowledge and helps to optimise further research on Colombia’s outstanding biota (Arbeláez-Cortés 2013). In this study, we present a critical review of scientific literature and databases with records of macrofungi in the Department of Tolima. We also conduct collections in five localities of the Department and new materials were morphologically identified and reported as new records for the Department of Tolima and some as new records for Colombia.

Materials and methods

Study Area

The Department of Tolima is located in the Andes of Colombia, divided into 47 municipalities and 23,562 km² of area (Gobernación del Tolima 2021). It presents an elevation from 400 to 5200 m a.s.l. and rainfall is between 1000 and 2000 mm per year (CORTOLIMA 2018). The Magdalena River runs through the entire territory and 17 other basins. It is represented by strategic ecosystems ranging from the tropical dry forest in the lower part, through wetlands and the paramos in the highest areas. The Department has The National Natural Parks Los Nevados, Las Hermosas and Nevado del Huila (CORCUENCAS 2014).

Macrofungi were collected in three localities of the Municipality of Ibagué: 1) second-growth forest in San Jorge Botanical Garden (JBSJ) (4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W), which is on the border between the tropical dry forest and the premontane forest, to 1200 m a.s.l.; 2) Canyon of Combeima River (4°33'25.8"N 75°19'34.4"W - 4°34'43.2"N 75°19'28.4"W), which corresponds to a low montane humid forest, between 1900 and 2350 m a.s.l.; 3) Alejandro Von Humboldt Botanical Garden (JBAVH) in Universidad del Tolima (4°25'34.89''N 75°12'46.77''W), which is a tropical dry forest at 1100 m a.s.l. They were also collected in a locality of the Municipality of Líbano, in Santa Librada Reserve (4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W), which corresponds to a tropical rainforest, at 1100 m a.s.l. Additionally, they were collected in Chicoral Village, Municipality of Espinal (4°11'56.8"N 74°59'18.1"W - 4°12'35.6"N 74°58'37.1"W), in a rural area, at 390 m a.s.l.

Fieldwork

The specimens were collected by performing random sampling in five localities in the period of 2019–2022. The study has the Collection permit conceded for access to biological resources for non-commercial purposes (Permiso Marco de Recolección, Resolución 2191 de 2018, Universidad del Tolima). Sporomes were photographed in situ, completely removed, placed in paper bags and taken to the laboratory. All descriptions are based on well-developed (mature) specimens. Morphological identification was made from macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. For micromorphological analysis, free-hand sections of the sporomes were prepared on microscope slides with 3% potassium hydroxide (KOH), Red Congo or Cotton Blue. Melzer’s Reagent (IKI) was used to determine presence or absence of amyloid or dextrinoid reactions. All microscopical structures were measured with the aid of an eyepiece micrometer with a subjective accuracy of 0.1 µm, using 1000x magnification. Identification was based on current literature and using dichotomous keys (e.g. Ryvarden 2004, Coelho et al. 2006, Drechsler-Santos et al. 2007, Ryvarden 2009, Montoya-Alvarez et al. 2011, Ryvarden 2015, Ryvarden 2016, Luangsa-ard et al. 2017, Westphalen et al. 2019, Wu et al. 2021, Zhou et al. 2021). All specimens were preserved and deposited in the Fungario Universidad del Tolima (FUT). A dataset for distribution of macrofungi in Tolima was created in Excel software and then used for preparing the interactive map in ArcGIS Pro 30.3 software.

Literature review

The list of species was based on the review of scientific literature, national or international, books or book chapters and scientific notes recording macrofungi from Tolima available in public databases, such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Scielo and Scopus and vouchers information available in public databases, such as ColFungi and MyCoPortal. Information from unpublished data, results presented at conferences or theses were not included in the list. Lichenised fungi are also excluded. To determine the specific locations of the reports, databases of biological collections were reviewed. Species are presented in alphabetical order within the corresponding Linnean classification: phylum, order, family and genus. Accepted names agree with Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org) as of February 2023. The following herbaria databases were consulted (Herbaria acronyms follow Index Herbariorum, Thiers (2016) onwards): Herbario de la Universidad de Antioquia (HUA), Cornell University Herbarium (CU), Field Museum of Natural History (F), Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL), Medellín headquarters of Universidad Nacional de Colombia Herbarium (MEDEL), Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de los Andes (ANDES-F), The New York Botanical Garden (NY), Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (TAAM), University of Tartu (TUF), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural of Cuba (MNHN), University of Georgia, Julian H. Miller Mycological Herbarium (GAM), State University of New York College at Cortland (CORT) and Fungario Universidad del Tolima (FUT). Specimens recorded as new for Colombia and for the Department of Tolima are presented with a detailed morphological description. Additionally, at the end of the list, there is a section with specimens classified as doubtful taxa and presented in alphabetical order. These specimens are present as incongruent data in literature or we do not have sufficient data to confirm their identity.

Taxon sampling, DNA extraction and PCR amplification

Dried specimens of Podoscypha and Gloeoporus were selected for molecular sampling. Approximately 30 mg of tissue from each collection were ground directly in a 1.5 ml vial, using plastic pestles with liquid nitrogen (Justo et al. 2011). DNA was extracted using a 3% CTAB extraction buffer and then isolated by the sequential addition of chloroform. Finally, isopropyl alcohol was added to precipitate the DNA, which was washed with 70% ethanol and resuspended in the TE buffer (Doyle 1990). The purity and concentration of DNA was performed using μDrop™ Plate (Thermo Scientific). The DNA concentration was adjusted to 100 µg/ml. Primer pairs of ITS1F (5′-CTT GGT CAT TTA GAG GAA GTA A -3′)/ ITS4 (5′-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3′) were used to amplify a fragment of the ITS region (White et al. 1990, Gardes and Bruns 1993). The PCR assay was conducted in a total volume of 25 µl consisting of 14.87 µl distilled deionised water, 5 µl of 5 of 5× colourless GoTaq® Flexi Buffer (Promega, USA), 1 μl dNTPs (1.5 mM) (Invitrogen, USA), 1 μl of each primer (forward and reverse) (10 pmol/μl), 1 μl MgCl₂ (25 mM), 0.125 μl of 0.6 U GoTaq® Flexi DNA polymerase (Promega, USA) and 1 μl gDNA as the template. The amplification was performed in a T-100™ thermocycler (Bio-Rad, USA) with an initial denaturation step at 95°C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 30 s, annealing at 55°C for 30 s, extension at 72°C for 2 min and a final step of extension at 72°C for 5 min. The amplicons were visualised on 2% agarose gel by electrophoresis (PowerPac™ HC, Bio-Rad, USA) using 100-bp DNA ladder Load Ready™ (Amplyus, USA). The gel was stained with HydraGreen™ (ACTGene, USA) and visualised under UV light using the ENDURO^TM GDS gel documentation system (Labnet International, Inc., USA). Final PCR products were purified and sequenced by the Sanger method (MacroGen Ltd., South Korea).

Taxon sampling, alignment and phylogenetic inference

The electropherograms were visually inspected to ensure good sequence quality and ambiguous sequence reads were discarded. Double peaks were interpreted as true base ambiguities when they were detected in both forward and reverse sequencing electropherograms. Once assembled, consensus sequences were queried against the entire GenBank database using BLAST (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and their pairwise identity was recorded. All newly-generated consensus sequences were deposited in GenBank. The consensus sequences generated in this study and related sequences downloaded from GenBank (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank, Table 1) were aligned using MAFFT v.7.299 (Katoh and Standley 2013). The ITS and 28S regions were aligned using the L-INS-I strategy (command line: mafft—localpair-maxiterate 1000). The coding regions were aligned using the E-INS-I strategy with no cost for opening gaps and equal cost for transformations (command line: mafft—genafpair–maxiterate 1000). After alignment, sequences were translated and checked for stop codons using Aliview v.1.18 (Larsson 2014). Two datasets were prepared: the first combined dataset for Gloeoporus specimen includes 14 sequences of ITS and 13 of 28S (Table 1). Bjerkandera adusta (Wild.) P. Karst. was used as the root. The second combined dataset for Podoscypha specimen includes 33 sequences of ITS and 21 of 28S (Table 2). Abortiporus biennis (Bull.) Singer was used as the root. Both phylogenetic relationship analyses were inferred in a Maximum Likelihood framework as implemented in IQTREE v.2.0 (Nguyen et al. 2015). ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017) was used to select the optimal partition scheme and substitution models. The calculation of the ultrafast Bootstrap (Hoang et al. 2018) and the Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood-ratio test (SH aLRT) (Guindon et al. 2010) were conducted with the following command line: iqtree -s concat.nex -spp partition.nex.best_scheme.nex -B 1000 -alrt 1000 -pers 0.2 -nstop 1000.

Table 1.

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Taxa sampled in this study and used in phylogenetic analyses of Gloeoporus species. For each collection, the species name, voucher and GenBank accession number are provided. Missing information is indicated with a n-dash (–). Newly-deposited sequences are in bold. Country codes according to ISO 3166 Alpha 2.

Specimen	Voucher	Country	Genbank		Reference
Specimen	Voucher	Country	ITS	28S
*Gloeoporus*
G. africanus P.E. Jung & Y.W. Lim	918063	UG	MG572763	MG572747	Jung et al. (2018)
G. africanus	918572	UG	MG572764	MG572748	Jung et al. (2018)
G. citrinoalbus Yuan Yuan & Jia J. Chen	Dai16238	CN	KU360397	KU360405	Yuan et al. (2016)
G. citrinoalbus	Yuan 9654	CN	KU360396	KU360404	Yuan et al. (2016)
G. dichrous (Fr.) Bres.	BRNU 631507	CZ	MG572751	MG572735	Jung et al. (2018)
G. dichrous	HHB17181	US	MG572753	MG572737	Jung et al. (2018)
G. hainanensis Yuan Yuan & Jia J. Chen	Dai 15268	CN	KU360401	KU360411	Yuan et al. (2016)
G. hainanensis	Yuan 4397	CN	KU360400	KU360409	Yuan et al. (2016)
G. orientalis P.E. Jung & Y.W. Lim	Cui 7261	CN	MG572759	MG572743	Jung et al. (2018)
G. orientalis	F-28839	JP	MG572762	MG572746	Jung et al. (2018)
G. pannocinctus (Romell) J. Erikss.	FP135015	US	MG572755	MG572739	Jung et al. (2018)
G. thelephoroides (Hook.) G. Cunn.	BZ2896	BZ	MG572757	MG572741	Jung et al. (2018)
*G. thelephoroides*	LRD 130	CO	OQ282957	–	Present study
*Root*
B. adusta (Wild.) P. Karst.	HHB12826sp	US	KP134983	KP135198

Table 2.

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XLSX

Taxa sampled in this study and used in the phylogenetic analyses of Podoscypha species. For each collection, the species name, voucher and GenBank accession number are provided. Missing information is indicated with a n-dash (–). Newly-deposited sequences are in bold. Country codes according to ISO 3166 Alpha 2.

Specimen	Voucher	Country	Genbank		Reference
Specimen	Voucher	Country	ITS	28S	Reference
*Podoscypha*
P. bolleana (Mont.) Boidin	32034	–	JQ675334	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. bolleana	CBS 33366	CF	JN649354	JN649354	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. brasiliensis D.A. Reid	17586	–	JQ675312	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. brasiliensis	GXU 2169	CN	MG356474	MG356489	unpublished
P. brasiliensis	LR37812	VE	JN649355	JN649355	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. bubalina D.A. Reid	17500	–	JQ675311	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. cristata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) D.A. Reid	8667	–	JQ675320	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. disseminata Douanla-Meli	DMC 232	–	JQ675326	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. elegans (G. Mey.) Pat.	CBS 426.51	AR	JN649356	MH868453	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. fulvonitens (Berk.) D.A. Reid	17483	–	JQ675315	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. fulvonites	C1	–	JQ675322	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. gillesii Boidin & Lanq.	32036	–	JQ675335	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. gillesii	GXU 2176	CN	MG356710	MG356793	unpublished
P. involuta (Klotzsch ex Fr.) Imazeki	CBS 65484	GA	MH861804	MH873497	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. involuta	E. Larsson (GB)	TH	JN649357	JN649357	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. mellissii (Berk. Ex Sacc.) Bres.	LR 41658	JM	JN649359	JN649359	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. moelleri (Bres. & Hen.) D.A. Reid	17588	–	JQ675313	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. multizonata (Berk. & Broome) Pat. (T)	CBS 663.84	FR	MH861809	MH873501	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. multizonata	3005	DE	JN710581	JN710581	Miettinen et al. (2012)
P. parvula (Lloyd) D.A. Reid	32055	–	JQ675338	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. parvula	DCM 226	–	JQ675328	–	Binder et al. (2013)
P. parvula	CBS 331.66	CF	JN649361	JN649361	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. petalodes (Berk.) Boidin	CBS 332.66	PK	JN649363	JN649363	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. petalodes	CBS 659.84	PK	JN649362	JN649362	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. ravenelii (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat.	CBS 66484	US	JN649364	JN649364	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. venustula (Speg.) D.A. Reid	LR 40821	VE	JX109851	JX109851	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. venustula	CBS 65684	GF	JN649367	JN649367	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
*P. venustula*	ZF29	CO	OQ302285	–	Present study
P. vespillonea (Berk.) Boidin & Lanq.	CBS 11174	–	MH860836	MH872572	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. vespillonea	CBS 348.66	–	MH858820	MH870457	Sjökvist et al. (2012)
P. yunnanensis C.L. Zhao	CLZhao 3963	CN	MK298400	MK298404	Wu et al. (2019)
P. yunnanensis	CLZhao 3979	CN	MK298402	MK298406	Wu et al. (2019)
*Root*
A. biennis (Bull.) Singer	FD 319	US	KP135300	KP135195	Binder et al. (2013)

Checklist of macrofungi from Tolima, Colombia

Phylum Ascomycota

Order Hypocreales

Family Clavicipitaceae

Nigelia martiale (Speg.) Luangsa-ard & Thanakitp., 2017

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF27
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
0FF0E2E1-8BBB-5E75-88C0-ECB2961B3739

Diagnosis:

Stromata erect, multiple to solitary, clavate to irregular, branched, orange to mustard yellow, 3.2 cm large, becoming purple in 3% KOH (Fig. 1A). Perithecia immersed to loose, oblique in arrangement, ovoid to circular ostiole, 618–847 × 265–320 μm. Asci cylindrical, 2.8–4.6 μm in diam.; apical cap prominent, 1.6–2.1 × 2.5–2.9 µm. Ascospores filiform, hyaline, 270–315 × 1 µm. Growing on unidentified Coleoptera larvae.

Figure 1.

Fresh basidiomata of species as new records for the Department of Tolima. A Basidiomata of Nigelia martialis (ZF 27); B Basidiomata of Macrocybe titans (LRD 150); C Basidiomata of Auricularia fuscosuccinea (LRD 36); D Basidiomata of Protomerulius caryae (LRD 117); E Basidiomata of Dacryopinax spathularia (PXVB 10); F Basidiomata of Cotylidia aurantiaca (LRD 138); G Basidiomata of Gloeoporus thelephoroides (LRD 130); H Basidiomata of Irpex rossettiformis (LRD 145); I Basidiomata of Physisporinus lineatus (ZF 35). Scale bars B, C, G = 5 cm; Scale bars A, D, E, F, H, I = 1 cm. Photos by: Cristian Zambrano (A, D, F, G); Lina Dávila (B, C); Paula Villanueva (E, H, I).

Notes:

The species is differentiated from other species by the size of the perithecia and the Neotropical distribution. Additionally, N. aurantiaca Luangsa-ard, Thanak. & Tasan looks morphologically similar to N. martiale, but differs in the type of ascospore. The first produce only whole (non-fragmenting) ascospores, while the latter produce ascospores either dissociated (Luangsa-ard et al. 2017). In Colombia, this is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Cordycipitaceae

Beauveria locustiphila (Henn.) B. Shrestha, Kepler & Spatafora, 2017

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Mariquita, Municipal Forest; 5°11'29"N 74°54'40"W; 560 m a.s.l.; Jan 2011; leg. T. Sanjuan 881 (Epitype, HUA 179218) (Sanjuan et al. 2014).

Cordyceps nidus T. Sanjuan, Chir.-Salom. & S. Restrepo, 2017

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Mariquita, Muncipal Forest; 5°11'29"N 74°54'40"W; 560 m a.s.l.; 11 Nov. 2014; leg. T. Sanjuan, 1161 (ANDES-F 1246) (Chiriví et al. 2017).

Order Pezizales

Family Helvellaceae

Helvella lacunosa Afzel., 1783

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, under Quercus humboldtii; 4°52'20"N 75°08'34"W; 2677 m a.s.l.; leg. Gómez-Montoya, N. 7 (HUA 183088) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Helvella macropus (Pers.) P. Karst., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, under Quercus humboldtii; 4°52'20"N 75°09'50"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; leg. Vasco-Palacios, A. 1061 (HUA 57669) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Order Xylariales

Family Hypoxylaceae

Annulohypoxylon annulatum (Schwein.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh, 2005

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Boquerón; leg. Chardon & Toro 699 (CU) (Chardón and Toro 1930).

Phylacia globosa Lév., 1845

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Cañon del Combeima; leg. J. Goudot s.n. (Léveillé 1845).

Family Xylariaceae

Xylaria platypoda (Lév.) Fr., 1851

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Cordillera central, Cuchilla de la divisadera; leg. J. Goudot 2 (Type collection, MNHN) (Dennis 1956).

Xylaria scruposa (Fr.) Fr., 1851

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; leg. J. Goudot 1844 (Type of Sphaeria scruposa, MNHN) (Dennis 1956).

Phylum Basidiomycota

Order Agaricales

Family Agaricaceae

Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers., 1797

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo (Franco-Molano et al. 2010).

Cyathus striatus Willd., 1787

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno, Protected Area Vallecitos; 24 May 2007; leg. Hernández, M 56 (HUA 165701) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus (Peck) Singer, 1948

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, sector sabanaverde; 4°52'29.6"N 75°11'13.9"W; 3000 m a.s.l.; 07 Nov 2006, leg. Medina, A. 3 (HUA 165705) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022); Ibid., Vereda El Infierno, 4°52'44"N 75°10'2.0"W; 2800 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov 2019; leg. Salazar, N. 3 (HUA 221652) (Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Family Amanitaceae

Amanita brunneolocularis Tulloss, Ovrebo & Halling, 1992

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Murillo-Líbano Km 6 road; 22 Apr 2005; leg. Sierra, J. 14 (HUA 141114); Ibid., Vereda Pajonales, Sector El Inciensal; 4°52'39"N 75°07'35"W; 2350 m a.s.l.; 24 Nov 2005; leg. Pulgarin, J. 08 (HUA 161978) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Amanita citrina Pers., 1797

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector El Infierno, near the sewage treatment plant; 4°52'29.6"N 75°11'13.9"W; 2694 m a.s.l.; 23 Oct 2012; leg. Zambrano, T. 10 (HUA 182975) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita colombiana Tulloss, Ovrebo & Halling, 1992

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2300 m a.s.l.; 19 Apr 2005; leg. Arias, A. 5 (HUA 161652) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita flavoconia G.F. Atk., 1902

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; leg. Vasco-Palacios 1063 (HUA 161502) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita fuligineodisca Tulloss, Ovrebo & Halling, 1992

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'9.50"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 24 May 2006; leg. Vasco-Palacios 1064 (HUA 57886) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita humboldtii Singer, 1963

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector La Albania; 4°52'23.6"N 75°08'33"W; 2681 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr 2010; leg. Blanchard, D. 61 (HUA 183045) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam., 1783

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector La Albania; 4°52'00"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2659 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct 2011; leg. Mendoza, C. 2 (HUA 182974) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita rubescens Pers., 1797

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector Fifí-La Albania; 4°52'00"N 75°08'00"W; 2640 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct 2010; leg. Gil, J. 4 (HUA 183028) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Amanita xylinivolva Tulloss, Ovrebo & Halling, 1992

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector el Fifí; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2706 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2006; leg. Acosta, A. 9 (HUA 166002); Ibid., Vereda de Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41"N 75°09'50"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2006; leg. Vasco-Palacios, A.M. 1048 (HUA 181835) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Family Callistosporiaceae

Macrocybe titans (H.E. Bigelow & Kimbr.) Pegler, Lodge & Nakasone, 1998

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano
; verbatimElevation:
1622 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°55'21.2"N 75°04'32.8"W
; eventDate:
25 May 2021
; catalogNumber:
LRD 150
; occurrenceRemarks:
coming out under cement plate
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
069737A7-B8EA-5E0C-8C02-ECE1878FB89C

Diagnosis:

Pileus 4–25 cm broad, hemispherical, broadly convex to flattened; margin incurved at first and later uplifted; abhymenial surface dry, smooth, not hygrophanous, cracking into small appressed squamules, cream to pale yellow (Fig. 1B). Context thick on disc, compact and whitish. Lamellae crowded, sinuate to adnate with a decurrent tooth, with lamellulae of four different lengths, whitish to cream. Stipe 6–20 × 5–10 cm, cylindrical, central, solid, fleshy; surface white to pale yellow, with numerous and reflexed darker squamules. Pileipellis as a cutis, composed of emerging to erected hyphae 4–6 μm wide. Hymenophoral trama of parallel hyphae, cylindrical to inflated. Generative hyphae with clamps. Pseudocheilocystidia fusoid, with subacute to rostrate or rounded apices, lanceolate to lageniform. Caulocystidia absent. Basidia 4-spored, sterigmata prominent. Spore print cream. Spores subglobose to ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 5.8–6.3 × 4.4–5.0 μm, Q = 1.2–1.4 µm.

Notes:

Macrocybe titans could be confused with Clitocybe gigantea (Fr.) Quélet, but the latter presents a funnel-shaped crown and decurrent lamellae (Bigelow and Kimbrough 1980, Corrales and López-Q 2005). Macrocybe titans is distinguished macroscopically from other species because the surface of the stipe is visibly squamulose and, microscopically, by having numerous spindle-shaped pseudocystidia, with refractive content (Pegler et al. 1998). The species has been collected normally in disturbed environments of the Neotropics and has been recorded as edible. At the moment, this species has only been collected in the Departments of Antioquia and Santander in Colombia. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Cortinariaceae

Cortinarius iodes Berk. & M.A. Curtis, 1853

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector La Albania; 2650 m a.s.l.; 08 May 2006; leg. Sánchez, D. 7 (HUA 161172) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray, 1821

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector Vallecitos, Finca Cimitarra; 2700 m a.s.l.; 20 Nov 2009; leg. Blanchard, D. 81 (HUA 183041) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phaeocollybia ambigua E. Horak & Halling, 1991

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno, near the sewage treatment plant; 4°52'57.8"N 75°10'14"W; 2907 m a.s.l.; 20 Nov 2005; leg. Cardona, J. 7 (HUA 161742) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phaeocollybia caudata E. Horak & Halling, 1991

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 2950 m a.s.l.; 26 Apr 2014; leg. Giraldo, S. 2 (HUA 194972) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phaeocollybia oligoporpa Singer, 1987

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'35.8"N 75°08'42.1"W; 2677 m a.s.l.; 30 Apr 2011; leg. León, A. 5 (HUA 190450) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phaeocollybia quercetorum Singer, 1987

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'50"N 75°10'2.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 29 Apr 2011; leg. Gómez-Montoya, N. 4 (HUA 190440) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phaeocollybia singularis E. Horak & Halling, 1991

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2300 m a.s.l.;19 Apr 2005; leg. Beltrán, C. 6 (HUA161253) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Cyphellaceae

Campanophyllum proboscideum (Fr.) Cifuentes & R.H. Petersen, 2003

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno, near the sewage treatment plant; 4°52'50"N 75°10'2.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 29 Apr 2011; leg. León, A. 2 (HUA 183115) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Hydnangiaceae

Hydnangium carneum Wallr., 1839

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Requintaderos; 3078 m a.s.l.; 2 Nov 2016; leg. Baroni, T. s.n. (HUA 207791) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke, 1884

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector el Fifí; 4°52'49.7"N 75°09'57.1"W; 2800 m a.s.l.; 10 May 2006; leg. Marín, R. 10 (HUA 165880) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Hygrophoraceae

Hygrocybe conica (Schaeff.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 04 May 2011; leg. Baroni, T. 10449 (HUA 161746) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Lycoperdaceae

Bovista plumbea Pers., 1795

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45"W; 2659 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct 2011; leg. Rios, C. 2 (HUA 182976) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Lyophyllaceae

Asterophora parasitica (Bull.) Singer, 1951

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2003; leg. Vasco-Palacios 1049 (HUA 103928) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Blastosporella zonata T.J. Baroni & Franco-Mol., 2007

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, in mixed forest with Quercus humboldtii, near the sewage treatment plant, 4°52'47.1"N 75°10'0.8"W; 2950 m a.s.l.; leg. Corrales-Osorio, A. 211 (HUA 166328 – holotypus; CORT - isotypus) (Baroni et al. 2007).

Family Marasmiaceae

Armillariella puiggarii Speg., 1889

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41"N 75°09'50"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; 26 May 2006; leg. Vasco-Palacios 1066 (HUA 57926) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Marasmius cladophyllus Berk., 1856

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41"N 75°09'50"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Pérez, J. 6 (HUA 161811) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Marasmius perlongispermus Singer, 1976

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Finca Alaska; 4°52'00"N 75°08'26"W; 2675 m a.s.l.; 08 Nov 2006; leg. Osorio, M. 8 (HUA 166008) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Micromphale irroratum (Pat.) Dennis, 1951

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga; 3000 m a.s.l.; leg. Henao, A. 3 (HUA 161236) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tetrapyrgos alba (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) E. Horak, 1987

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; leg. Flórez, C. 5 (HUA 161163) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010).

Favolaschia roseogrisea Singer, 1974

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Cajamarca to Calarcá road, km 28, on gramineae (Guadua angustifolia, Bambuseae) dead culms; 11 Apr 1968; leg. Singer B 6035 (F - Type) (Singer 1974).

Family Mycenaceae

Hydropus nigrita (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer, 1973

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Sanín, M. 13 (HUA 162008) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Mycena holoporphyra (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer, 1962

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, Alto El Cabro; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 25 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1819 (HUA 161233) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010).

Mycena margarita (Murrill) Murrill, 1916

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Inciensal; 4°52'39"N 75°07'35"W; 2350 m a.s.l.; 24 Nov 2005; leg. Botero, A. 11 (HUA 161461) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010).

Mycena plectophylla (Mont.) Dennis, 1970

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2656 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct 2011; leg. Carmona, M.J. 4 (HUA 182922) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Bosque Canaán; 4°47'41"N 75°09'50"W; 2540 to 2900 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2006; leg. Vasco-Palacios 1046 (HUA 53318) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Panellus pusillus (Pers. ex Lév.) Burds. & O.K. Mill., 1975

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, Alto El Cabro; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 25 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1816 (HUA 161394) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Omphalotaceae

Gymnopus macropus Halling, 1996

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Botero, A. 8 (HUA 161767) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Gymnopus omphalodes (Berk.) Halling & J.L. Mata, 2004

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Requintaderos, sector Alto Alegrías; 4°51'35.6"N 75°10'30.1"W; 2675 to 3062 m a.s.l.; 24 Oct 2011; leg. Carmona, M. J. 10 (HUA 182962); Ibid., sector Castrillón; 4°51'24"N 75°10'09"W; 05 Jan 2011; leg. Pimienta, J. 7 (HUA 183125); Ibid., Vereda Pajonales, Finca Alaska; 2675 m a.s.l.; 4°52'25"N 75°08'25.8"W; 08 Nov 2006; leg. Del Rio, A. 5 (HUA 165706) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Marasmiellus distantifolius (Murrill) Singer, 1962

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Cajamarca, km 28 road to Calarcá; 2670 m a.s.l.; 11 Apr 1968; leg. Singer B6037 (F) (Singer 1973).

Marasmiellus neotropicus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, 2019

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Bosque El Inciensal; 2600 m a.s.l.; 21 Apr 2005; leg. Vargas, H. 46 (HUA 161643) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Rhodocollybia turpis (Halling) Halling, 1997

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 2950 m a.s.l.; 30 Oct 2010; leg. Ebratt, N. 2 (HUA 183223) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Physalacriaceae

Flammulina callistosporioides (Singer) Singer, 1964

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Cajamarca, km 28 road to Calarcá; 11 Apr 1968; leg. Singer. R. Singer B6039 (F). (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Gloiocephala quercetorum Ald.-Góm. & Franco-Mol., 2001

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Inciensal; 2350 m a.s.l.; 18 Apr 2005; Urrego, D. 3 (HUA 161986) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn., 1909

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector El Inciensal; 4°52'38.6"N 75°07'38.6"W; 2350 m a.s.l., 24 Nov 2005; leg. Bermúdez, D. 9 (HUA 161275) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Xerula hispida Halling & G.M. Muell., 1999

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°08'42.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. González, R. 4 (HUA 161389); Ibid., Vereda Pajonale, Sector Fifí – La Albania, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'34.8"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2677 m a.s.l.; 30 Apr 2011; leg. Gómez-Montoya, N. 5 (HUA 183218) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Pleurotaceae

Hohenbuehelia espeletiae Singer, 1989

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Santa Isabel, Valle del río Totarito, margen izquierda de la Quebrada Africa, on Espeletia hartwegiana Sch. Bip. ex Wedd. in alpine zone; 3900 m a.s.l.; 06 Feb 1980; leg. Boekhout 589 (MEDEL); Ibid., Boekhout 593a (F) (Singer 1989).

Hohenbuehelia phalligera (Mont.) Singer, 1951

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Cajamarca, km 28 road to Calarcá; 11 Apr 1968; leg. Singer. R. Singer B6038 (F). (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Psathyrellaceae

Coprinellus disseminatus (Pers.) J.E. Lange, 1938

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipalty of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1821 (HUA 161806) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson, 2001

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, sector sabanaverde; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 07 Nov 2006; leg. Suárez, A. 2 (HUA 165720) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Coprinopsis atramentaria (Bull.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo, 2001

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Requintaderos, Las Novillas; 3200 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2007; leg. Álvarez, S. 4 (HUA 166073 as Cropinus atramentarius) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Panaeolus antillarum (Fr.) Dennis, 1961

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'23.6"N 75°08'33.7"W; 2681 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr 2010; leg. Villegas, F. 1 (HUA 182981) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Panaeolus papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél., 1872

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 11 Nov 2012; leg. Isaza-Jaramillo, L. 2 (HUA 184951) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Panaeolus semiovatus (Sowerby) S. Lundell & Nannf., 1938

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 11 Nov 2012; leg. Hoyos, L. 2 (HUA 184976) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Schizophyllaceae

Schizophyllum commune Fr., 1815

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Combeima river canyon
; verbatimElevation:
1900-2450 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°33'25.8"N 75°19'34.4"W
; eventDate:
25 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 27
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
B5F76501-DFFC-5DCA-B3AD-D020A7CA48A1

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Corregimiento de Toche, Finca Galleguito; 2450 m a.s.l.; 24 May 1996; leg. González, L. 35 (HUA 161264) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022); Ibid., Combeima river canyon; 4°34'05.7"N 75°19'30.7"W; 1800 m a.s.l.; 18 Feb 2017; leg. Zambrano, C., ZF 3 (FUT) (Zambrano-Forero et al. 2021).

Family Strophariaceae

Gymnopilus rugulosus R. Valenz., Guzmán & J. Castillo, 1981

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Bosque El Inciensal; 2600 m a.s.l.; 24 Nov 2005; leg. Cardona, J. 12 (HUA 161584) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Fifí; 11 May 2006; leg. Londoño, L. 9 (HUA 165860 as Hypholoma subviride) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeff.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Requintaderos, sector Alto Alegrías; 4°51'35.6"N 75°10'30.1"W; 3062 m a.s.l.; 24 Oct 2011; leg. Arbeláez, B. 7 (HUA 182905 as Hypholoma sublateritium) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer, 1948

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Mariquita, Vía Medina; 07 Oct 1975; leg. I. Forero s/n (COL) (Pulido 1983).

Family Tricholomataceae

Filoboletus gracilis (Klotzsch ex Berk.) Singer, 1945

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Inciensal; 2350 m a.s.l.; 18 Apr 2005; leg. Congote, L. 10 (HUA) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Lepista nuda (Bull.) Cooke, 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, Alto El Cabro; 4°53'21.4"N 75°11'7.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 25 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1823 (HUA 161739) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Leucopaxillus gentianeus (Quél.) Kotl., 1966

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Road to Libano-Murillo; 2753 m a.s.l.; 12 Nov 2012; leg. Isaza-Jaramillo, L. 6 (HUA 184913) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tricholoma saponaceum (Fr.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°54'0.0"N 75°10'2.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 29 Oct 2010; leg. Palacio M. 8, (HUA 183082); Ibid., Municipality of Murillo; 2965 m a.s.l.; 15 May 2015; leg. Rodas, N. 6 (HUA199549) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Incertae sedis

Lactocollybia epia (Berk. & Broome) Pegler, 1986

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; leg. Giraldo, A. 5 (HUA 140735) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tricholomopsis aurea (Beeli) Desjardin & B.A. Perry, 2017

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 2300 m a.s.l.; leg. Corredor, A. 7 (HUA 61512) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Trogia papyracea (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Corner, 1966

Distribution:

Colombia, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Sector Fifí-La Albania; 4°52'20"N 75°08'34"W; 2673 m a.s.l.; 12 Nov 2012; leg. Ramírez, J.E. 3 (HUA); Ibid., 4°52'34.8"N 75°08'42"W; 2677 m a.s.l.; 30 Apr 2011; leg. Urrea, S. 30 (HUA 183225). (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Auriculariales

Family Auriculariaceae

Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél., 1886

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 20 Apr 2004; leg. Montoya, A.F. 1 (HUA 165551) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Auricularia delicata (Mont. ex Fr.) Henn., 1893

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1813 (HUA 161222) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Auricularia fuscosuccinea (Mont.) Henn., 1893

Materials Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Combeima rivercanyon
; verbatimElevation:
1900 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°33'25.8"N 75°19'34.4"W
; eventDate:
25 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD36
; institutionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
E561A196-3B8D-5302-BBC5-FD71DFBC2627
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Universidad del Tolima
; verbatimElevation:
1150 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°25'37.7"N 75°12'50.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD46
; institutionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
13FD54B1-8117-5FBC-A133-422DACA66630

Diagnosis:

Basidiome pileate to substipitate, gelatinous, grey to reddish-brown, hairy surface, abhymenial hairs of 35–87 µm, with medullary layer closer to the abhymenium (Fig. 1C). Hymenophore smooth to plicate. Generative hyphae with clamps, hymenium with crystals. Basidiospores cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled and smooth, 13.9 × 5.3 µm.

Notes:

It is a saprotrophic species growing on decaying wood. It is used to treat medical disorders and as a food (Niño et al. 2017). Morphologically, this species differs from others of the genus by the presence and position of the medullary layer, as well as the size of the basidiospores. The species has been recorded in Antioquia, Amazonas, Boyacá, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Norte de Santander, Quindío and Valle del Cauca. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Exidiaceae

Protomerulius caryae (Schwein.) Ryvarden, 1991

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Combeima river canyon
; verbatimElevation:
2350 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°34'43.2"N 75°19'28.4"W
; eventDate:
25 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD117
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
53038C13-5158-5E75-BDF7-789BD645AEE8

Diagnosis:

Basidiome annual, resupinate and effused, soft when fresh, up to 1 mm thick (Fig. 1D). Margin narrow to absent, white to pale brownish. Pore surface reddish-white. Pores angular 4–6 per mm. Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae, thin‑walled, hyaline, with clamps, 1.9–2 μm in diam., skeletal hyphae dominating in the trama, thick-walled, 2.8–4.3 μm in diam. Basidia longitudinally septate. Basidiospores allantoid to cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 4.8–5.8 × 2–2.9 μm.

Notes:

The septate basidia and the size of the spores make the species distinct. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Order Boletales

Family Boletaceae

Boletus pseudorubinellus A.H. Sm. & Thiers, 1971

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Canaán, Hacienda Canaán; 4°47'41.2"N 75°09'50.1"W; 2540 m a.s.l.; 22 Nov 2005; leg. Franco-Molano, A.E. 1811 (HUA 161958) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Leccinellum rugosiceps (Peck) C. Hahn, 2020

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Fifí; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 11 May 2006; leg. Bedoya, A. 13 (HUA 165862) (Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano 2012).

Phylloporus fibulatus Singer, Ovrebo & Halling, 1990

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, La Albania; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 22 Aug 2011; leg. Durán, L. 2 (HUA 182876); ibid., Sector el Infierno; 4°52'49.7"N 75°09'56.7"W; 2957 m a.s.l.; 06 Nov 2006; leg. Rendón, Y. 3 (HUA 165734) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phylloporus phaeoxanthus Singer & L.D. Gómez, 1984

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'23.6"N 75°08'33.7"W; 2681 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr 2010; leg. Urrea, S. 2 (HUA 182963) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tylopilus obscurus Halling, 1989

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'49.7"N 75°09'56"W; 2957 m a.s.l.; 11 Jun 2006; leg. Restrepo, J. 2 (HUA 165684), Ibid., Vereda Alto Alegrías, sector Castrillón; 05 Jan 2011; leg. Gómez-Montoya, 08 (HUA 183174) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Rugiboletus andinus (Halling) Halling & B. Ortiz, 2020

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Finca La Alaska; 2675 m a.s.l.; 08 Nov 2006; leg. Restrepo, J., 07 (HUA 166085 as Leccinum andinum Halling); Ibid., Vereda Alto Alegrías, sector Castrillón; 3050 m a.s.l.; 11 Jan 2010; leg. Carmona, M.J. (HUA 183228 as Leccinum andinum Halling) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Xerocomellus chrysenteron (Bull.) Šutara, 2008

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'44.3"N 75°10'2.0"W; 2965 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct 2016; leg. S.C. 2 (HUA 207786); Ibid., Vereda Requintaderos; 2950 m a.s.l.; 28 Apr 2014; leg. Tuberquia, J. 6 (HUA 195033 as Boletus chrysenteron) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Boletinellaceae

Boletinellus exiguus (Singer & Digilio) Watling, 1997

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Finca Alaska; 4°52'24.8"N 75°08'25.8"W; 2675 m a.s.l.; 08 Nov 2006; leg. Prada, P. 8 (HUA 165742); Ibid., Sector El Inciensal; 2350 m a.s.l.; 18 Apr 2005; leg. Palacio, J. 3 (HUA166016) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Suillaceae

Suillus luteus (L.) Roussel, 1796

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector Fifí – La Albania; 4°52'0.0"N 75°08'0.0"W; 2640 m a.s.l.; 31 Oct 2010; leg. Lopera, E. 4 (HUA 183197); Ibid., Finca Alaska; 4°52'24.8"N 75°08'25.8"W; 2695 m a.s.l; 08 Nov 2006; leg. Gajowsha, A. 6 (HUA 165718) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Cantharellales

Family Hydnaceae

Craterellus boyacensis Singer, 1963

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'50.2"N 75°10'24"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr 2010; leg. Betancur, M. 138 (HUA 203814) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Craterellus cornucopioides (L.) Pers., 1825

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Fifí; 2300 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2006; leg. Gil, M. 9 (HUA 165900) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Hydnum repandum L., 1753

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Fifí; 2300 m a.s.l.; 11 May 2006; leg. Gil, M. 9 (HUA 165900) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Dacrymycetales

Family Dacrymycetaceae

Dacryopinax spathularia (Schwein.) G.W. Martin, 1948

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Espinal; Chicoral
; verbatimElevation:
390 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°11'56.8"N 74°59'18.1"W
; eventDate:
22 Jun 2022
; catalogNumber:
PXVB 10
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
D45FEA09-688E-5C12-A7FB-A077251F1BB0

Diagnosis:

Basidiome scattered or gregarious, up to 15 mm high, pileus gelatinous, cartilaginous, spathulate, yellow to orange (Fig. 1E). Stipe cylindrical, eccentric, whitish-orange with white base when dry. Margin cylindrical to spathulate-flabelliform, lobed. Hymenophore smooth to sulcate. Hyphae branched, thin-walled, simple-septate, pale yellow. Probasidia of 18.1–21.9 × 3.4–3.9 µm, cylindrical to subclavate, hyaline. Metabasidia bifurcated, 33.2–36.2 × 2.9–3.3 µm. Basidiospores oblong to subcylindrical, hyaline, 8.1–9.5 × 3.8–4.2 µm. Conidia globose to ellipsoid, hyaline, 5.8–6.6 × 3.0–3.2 µm.

Notes:

The species is generally considered widespread. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Order Gloeophyllales

Family Gloeophyllaceae

Gloeophyllum striatum (Fr.) Murrill, 1905

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Honda; leg. F. W. Pennell s.n. (NY 01964455) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Hymenochaetales

Family Hymenochaetaceae

Coltricia cinnamomea (Jacq.) Murrill, 1904

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Bosque El Roble; 2600 m a.s.l.; 09 May 2006; leg. García, D. 12 (HUA 165878) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Fuscoporia gilva (Schwein.) T. Wagner & M. Fisch., 2002

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Combeima river canyon; 4°33'25.8"N 75°19'34.4"W; 1900 m a.s.l.; 25 Sep 2017; leg. Davila, L.R., LRD28 (FUT) (Dávila Giraldo et al. 2018).

Hymenochaete iodina (Mont.) Baltazar & Gibertoni, 2012

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Honda; leg. F. W. Pennell s.n. (NY) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Phylloporia chrysites (Berk.) Ryvarden, 1972

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8" W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD13
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
A130769F-A063-5CE9-87E7-25D429A3798E

Diagnosis:

Basidiome annual, pileate or imbricate, semicircular, widely attached, pilear surface velutinous, yellowish-brown to rusty brown, mostly azonate (Fig. 2A). Margin acute. Context with a dark line. Poroid surface yellowish to dark cinnamon brown. Pores round to angular, 8–9 per mm. Tubes not stratified, but a bright yellow line between the tubes and the context. Hyphal structure monomitic, generative hyphae simple septate, yellowish to rusty brown. Basidia clavate, with four sterigmata. Basidiospores ellipsoid; pale yellowish brown, thick-walled, smooth, 2.9–3.2 × 1.7–1.8 µm.

Figure 2.

Fresh basidiomata of species as new records for Colombia. A Basidiomata of Phylloporia chrysites (LRD 12); B Basidiomata of Antrodiella multipileata (LRD 129); C Basidiomata of Flabellophora parva (ZF 54); D Basidiomata of Perenniporiella micropora (LRD 126). E Basidiomata of Perenniporia ochroleuca (ZF 51); F Basidiomata of Trametes cingulata (LRD 119); G Basidiomata of Dentipellicula guyanensis (ZF 48). Scale bars A, B, C, F = 5 cm; Scale bars D, E, G = 1 cm. Photos by: Cristian Zambrano (C, E, F); Lina Dávila (A); Paula Villanueva (B, D, G).

Notes:

The species is characterised by tiny pores and a fairly soft basidiocarp. This species is widespread in the Tropics and subtropical America (southern United States, Cuba, Jamaica, Venezuela and Brazil) and Asia (West Indies, Indonesia and Philippines). This is the first record of the species for Colombia.

Family Rickenellaceae

Cotylidia aurantiaca (Pat.) A.L. Welden, 1958

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD138
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
72A354FF-D337-5992-A346-C21AC7128295

Diagnosis:

Basidiome stipitate, spathulate, solitary or gregarious (Fig. 1F). Pilear surface velutinous, greyish-yellow, with a lighter area towards the margin. Margin usually fimbriate. Hymenophore smooth, yellow in fresh specimens, but frequently discolouring to yellow-ochre on drying. Stipe variable in size. Hyphal structure monomitic, with generative hyphae simple septate. Cystidia cylindrical to clavate, with slightly thickened walls, 6.4–14.4 μm wide and up to 48 μm long. Basidia with four sterigmata. Basidiospores elliptical, hyaline, thin-walled, 6–7.2 ×2.8–4 µm

Notes:

Common species in the Neotropics occurring in large numbers on dead wood or in the soil. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Order Phallales

Family Phallaceae

Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring, 1980

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Fifí; 3000 m a.s.l.; 20 Mar 2004; leg. Corrales-Osorio, A. 225 (HUA 142369) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Polyporales

Family Fomitopsidaceae

Ranadivia modesta (Kunze ex Fr.) Zmitr., 2018

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Honda; leg. Kopf S.N (TAAM 098215) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Irpicaceae

Gloeoporus thelephoroides (Hook.) G. Cunn., 1965

Material Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 130
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
61A2FCE6-4928-5988-8B6B-5D3F2CAF22AA

Diagnosis:

Basidiome annual, pileate, solitary to partly imbricate. Pileus tomentose, light yellow, flat evenly to radially tomentose, white (Fig. 1G and 6). Margin acute and very thin. Pore surface cream to pinkish. Pores round to angular, irregular, 5–7 per mm. Context white, separate from the pore layer with a darker gelatinised zone. Hyphal structure monomitic, generative hyphae with simple septa. Basidiospores allantoid, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.2–4 × 0.9–1.2 μm.

Notes:

This species is separated from other species in the genus by the white to pinkish hymenophore and microscopically, by the simple septate generative hyphae. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Irpex rosettiformis C.C. Chen & Sheng H. Wu, 2021

Materials Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF40
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
D7565C6B-44E9-54B2-B6FF-52938A0B1E71
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; main park
; verbatimElevation:
1580 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°55'21.9"N 75°03'53.6"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD145
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
A317F480-433B-5DC4-B221-DE91DDFA20D6

Diagnosis:

Basidiome pileate, yellowish-white, irregular, as rosettes, upper surface velutinate, with small stipe (Fig. 1H). Pore surface papillate. Hyphal structure monomitic, with generative hyphae with simple septa. Basidiospores ellipsoid to subglobose, hyaline, thin-walled, 4.1–4.7 × 3.0–3.6 μm.

Notes:

This species is recognised for having irregular and incised basidiomes, in addition to having generative hyphae with simple septa, subglobose basidiospores and the absence of cystidia. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Meripilaceae

Physisporinus lineatus (Pers.) F. Wu, Jia J. Chen & Y.C. Dai, 2017

Materials Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 35
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
46DD198D-1ABA-51E5-A065-72275E28FD2B
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.6"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 36
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
F35A5B0D-B5AC-5BDD-A6DD-458BC8B1EF33
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'20.1"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 46
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
9A429A0E-3DF7-5CD7-AFFA-07B6975F0424

Diagnosis:

Basidiome pileate, in some cases resupinate, solitary to imbricate, sessile (Fig. 1I). Pileus concentrically zonate-sulcate, pale orange to reddish-brown and velutinate. Pore surface bright orange to greyish-brown. Pores round to angular, 6–13 per mm. Hyphal structure monomitic; generative hyphae with simple septa, moderately branched, thin to thick-walled, sometimes similar to skeletal hyphae, but with simple septa. Cystidia rare and encrusted. Cystidioles pointed and abundant. Basidiospores subglobose to globose, hyaline, smooth, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.9–6.2 × 3.6–5.5 µm.

Notes:

The species is distinguished from similar species as Rigidoporus microporus by the presence of cystidia. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Rigidoporus microporus (Sw.) Overeem, 1924

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 139
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
64903204-8A99-5AC0-BF54-E360FA7EE237
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.3"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 137
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
E25B4BB5-7569-52DD-8BF7-A4C125D0273B

Diagnosis:

Basidiome pileate, broadly attached, growing in clusters (Fig. 3A). Pileus upper surface first reddish-orange to reddish-brown and velutinate. Pore surface first bright orange to yellowish-brown. Pores angular, 8–11 per mm. Hyphal structure monomitic; generative hyphae with simple septa, thick-walled. Cystidioles present only in one of the examined specimens. Basidiospores subglobose, hyaline, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.7–5 × 3–4.8 µm.

Figure 3.

Fresh basidiomata of species as new records for the Department of Tolima. A Basidiomata of Rigidoporus microporus (LRD 137); B Basidiomata of Rigidoporus vinctus (LRD 144); C Basidiomata of Podoscypha venustula (ZF 29); D Basidiomata of Diplomitoporus hondurensus (ZF 38); E Basidiomata of Echinochaete brachypora (ZF 39); F Basidiomata of Lentinus velutinus (LRD 136); G-H Basidiomata of Nigroporus vinosus (LRD 125); I Basidiomata of Polyporus dictyopus (LRD 9); J Basidiomata of Trametes maxima (PXVB 21); K Basidiomata of Trichaptum sector (PXVB 7). Scale bars = 1 cm. Photos by: Lina Dávila (I); Ana María Dávila (B); Paula Villanueva (A, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K)

Notes:

Species very similar to P. lineatus, separated by the absence of cystidia. This is the first record of the species for the Department of Tolima.

Rigidoporus vinctus (Berk.) Ryvarden, 1972

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD144
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
A18D8802-5CED-5FC5-B6A8-7E0E62FFE1B4

Diagnosis:

Basidiome resupinate (Fig. 3B). Pore surface greyish-orange when dry. Pores round 7–8 per mm, pore layer stratified. Hyphal structure monomitic; generative hyphae with simple septa, hyaline and thin-walled to thick-walled. Cystidia present, ventricose, 15.0-20.4 x 7.8-10.2 μm. Basidiospores subglobose, hyaline, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.2–3.9 × 2.8–3.4 μm.

Notes:

This species is recognised by the resupinate basidiocarp and the presence of cystidia. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Panaceae

Panus neostrigosus Drechsler-Santos & Wartchow, 2012

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'30"N 75°08'26"W 2685 m a.s.l.; 12 Nov 2012 leg. Gómez, L. 4 (HUA 184942) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Podoscyphaceae

Podoscypha venustula (Speg.) D.A. Reid, 1965

Materials Download as CSV

higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 29
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
AAD74A65-8661-5C4E-AD73-11447ADC2D4C
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.7"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 30
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
FC0B825D-EB44-534D-82B3-5BC0B046AFF6

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes gregarious, infundibuliform to flabelliform; upper surface glabrous, pale yellow when fresh, darker at the base, yellowish-brown when dry, with concentric and darker circles at the base (Fig. 3C and 7). Stipe short and hirsute. Hymenophoral surface smooth, ochraceous buff. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae hyaline, branched, with clamps; skeletal hyphae thick-walled, unbranched, 2.4–4.2 μm wide. Gloeocystidia abundant, undulant, thin-walled, with highly refractive contents, 34–78 × 6.8–8.6 µm. Pileocystidia subcylindrical, with strongly thickened walls, up to 64 μm long and 110 μm wide. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.5–4.6 × 3–4 μm.

Notes:

The size and shape of the spores, as well as the colour change from whitish to dark rusty brown are characteristic of this species. It is known from South America. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Family Polyporaceae

Cerrena hydnoides (Sw.) Zmitr., 2001

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Honda; leg. F. W. Pennell s.n. (NY) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden, 1985

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD127
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
DD960046-3C07-559A-9544-BFB9347ABA0E

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Universidad del Tolima; 4°25'37.7"N 75°12'50.8"W; 1150 m a.s.l.; 19 Jan 2017; leg. Zambrano, C. and Dávila, L.R., ZF 1 (FUT) (Zambrano-Forero et al. 2021).

Echinochaete brachypora (Mont.) Ryvarden, 1978

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 39
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
782AB130-A1F0-5280-8055-8A3B41D169A4

Diagnosis:

Basidiome stipitate, dimidiate, pale orange, glabrous (Fig. 3E). Pore surface whitish-orange to dark brown. Pores irregular to angular 1–2 per mm. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae hyaline, thin-walled and clamped, binding hyphae moderately branched, thick-walled. Setoid elements present, thick-walled and common in the hymenium. Basidiospores cylindrical, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 8.9–13.6 × 5.8–8.5 µm.

Notes:

The dark brown setoid elements are unique for this species. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat., 1889

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Universidad del Tolima
; verbatimElevation:
1150 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°25'40.1"N 75°12'49.0"W
; eventDate:
23 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF32
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
9C040B2B-F619-5C6A-8976-E445A2691CDA

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, JBSJ; 4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W; 1200 m a.s.l.; 22 Sep 2017; leg. Dávila, L.R, LRD 7 (FUT) (Dávila Giraldo et al. 2018).

Hexagonia glabra Lév., 1846

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Universidad del Tolima; 4°25'37.7"N 75°12'50.8"W; 1150 m a.s.l.; 20 Jan 2017; leg. Zambrano, C. and Dávila, L.R. ZF 5 (FUT) (Zambrano-Forero et al. 2021).

Lentinus crinitus (L.) Fr., 1825

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
994BC7D6-419C-5FCB-9311-870E6B8962C4

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Honda; leg. F. W. Pennell s.n. (NY) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022); Ibid. Municipality of Ibagué, Combeima river canyon; 4°33'25.8"N 75°19'34.4"W; 1900 m a.s.l.; leg. Dávila, L.R., LRD 1 (FUT) (Dávila-Giraldo et al. 2020).

Lentinus velutinus Fr., 1830

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 136
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
44A1CB01-B641-5B2F-87FB-745D89BD1AF4

Diagnosis:

Basidiome stipitate, with stipe central, infundibuliform, cylindrical, dark brown and velutinate (Fig. 3F). Pileus hispid, concolorous with the stipe, lamellae arcuate and ochraceous. Hymenophore lamellate. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae with clamps, skeletal hyphae thick-walled. Metuloid cystidia present. Basidiospores ellipsoid, 5.2–6.6 × 2.8–4 µm.

Notes:

The species is recognised by the long slender brown velutinate stipe and equally coloured and velutinate pileus. The species was originally described from Brazil. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Perenniporiella micropora (Ryvarden) Decock & Ryvarden, 2003

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano: Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD126
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
78269D87-EFAF-535D-BB5D-A609A304A3C1

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes pileate to effused reflexed (Fig. 2D). Pileus semicircular. Pileus upper surface zonate, brownish-yellow at the margin becoming darker as a thin cuticle starts to develop from the base, glabrous, strongly zonate. Margin acute. Pore surface pale isabelline to cream. Pores round, tiny, 6–9 per mm. Tubes and context wood-coloured. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae with clamps, thin-walled and hyaline; skeletal hyphae thick-walled, dominating in the tubes and context. Basidiospores globose to subglobose, hyaline, thick-walled, slightly dextrinoid, 4–6.4 × 3.8–6.4 µm.

Notes:

This species is characterised by having small pores and globose to subglobose basidiospores. It was originally described from Peru (Ryvarden 1987). This is the first record of the species in Colombia.

Picipes dictyopus (Mont.) B.K. Cui, Xing Ji & J.L. Zhou, 2022

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 9
; collectionCode:
FU
; occurrenceID:
C879AE3C-4604-545F-9A6E-1B55CCB03537

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes laterally stipitate. Pileus flabelliform, upper surface glabrous, yellowish-brown (Fig. 3I). Pore surface ochraceous. Pores decurrent; tubes and context pale orange. Stipe black. Hyphal structure dimitic; generative hyphae clamped, hyaline; skeleto-binding hyphae yellowish. Basidia clavate, 4-sterigmate. Basidiospores cylindrical, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 5.7-6.1 × 2.4 μm.

Notes:

This species is characterised by having a laterally stipitate basidiocarp, with a robust and black stipe, an irregular margin and cylindrical basidiospores. It was originally described from the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, near the coast of Chile (Palacio et al. 2017). Currently, the species has a wide global distribution. In Colombia, this is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill, 1904

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Universidad del Tolima
; verbatimElevation:
1150 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°25'37.7"N 75°12'50.8" W
; eventDate:
23 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 23
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
75B9D608-7F02-5643-BE78-9718A91BAD69

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, Universidad del Tolima; 4°25'34.89''N 75°12'46.77''W; 1150 m a.s.l.; 1 Jan 2017; leg. Davila, L.R., LRD 2 (FUT) (Dávila Giraldo et al. 2018).

Tinctoporellus epimiltinus (Berk. & Broome) Ryvarden, 1979

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 140
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
ACC723C3-985D-5182-A985-CA32F1D134B2
higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.5"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 141
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
7FF8A206-953A-553B-9CF2-EA5FFAB90C23

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, JBSJ; 1200 m a.s.l.; 19 Feb 2017; leg. Zambrano, C. and Dávila, L.R., ZF 4 (FUT) (Zambrano-Forero et al. 2021).

Trametes cingulata Berk., 1854

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; Combeima river canyon
; verbatimElevation:
2350 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°34'43.2"N 75°19'28.4"W
; eventDate:
25 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD119
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
2401D7BF-121E-5EF9-A51E-1C0D04495456

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes pileate, solitary, effused reflexed; upper surface glabrous, orange, becoming black, spreading from the base, with concentric zones, darkens with KOH; margin whitish and round (Fig. 2F). Pore surface light orange, shiny when turned in incident light, pores round to angular, 4–6 per mm, context concolorous to pore surface. Hyphal system trimitic, generative hyphae clamped, hyaline and thin-walled; skeletal hyphae abundant, yellow and thick-walled, binding hyphae present. Basidiospores ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 4.3–4.8 × 3.4–3.8 µm.

Notes:

The species is recognised by the sooty black colours on the glabrous, often concentrically sulcate pileus. This is the first record of this species for Colombia.

Trametes elegans (Spreng.) Fr., 1838

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, JBAVH; 1150 m a.s.l.; 22 Sep 2017; leg. Davila, L.R., LRD29 (FUT) (Dávila Giraldo et al. 2018).

Trametes maxima (Mont.) A. David & Rajchenb., 1985

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Espinal; Chicoral
; verbatimElevation:
390 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°12'35.6"N 74°58'37.1"W
; eventDate:
22 Jun 2022
; catalogNumber:
PXVB 21
; collectionCode:
22 Jun 2022
; occurrenceID:
E28237E5-DB20-5655-9E83-26DA8E025398

Diagnosis:

Basidiome pileate, applanate, broadly attached. Pileus upper surface pale tan or dark ochraceous, tomentose to hirsute, with green shades in the basal tomentum because of algal growth (Fig. 3J). Pore surface white to pale yellowish-brown. Pores slightly daedaloid, 1–2 per mm, dissepiments with an irregular hydnoid surface. Tubes concolorous with pore surface. Context dense, white to ochraceous, 2–7 mm thick, separated from the upper distinctly darker and looser upper tomentum by a distinct black zone. Hyphal structure trimitic, generative hyphae clamped, hyaline and thin-walled, skeletal hyphae abundant, hyaline and thick-walled, binding hyphae present. Basidiospores oblong ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.9–4.6 × 2.3–2.5 µm.

Notes:

This species is recognised by the hydnoid or incised pore surface and the woolly tomentum under which there is a distinct black zone. In Colombia, this is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Trametes variegata (Berk.) Zmitr., Wasser & Ezhov, 2012

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 5
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
65FB38E0-0A5B-5D1F-86BF-E9864040F55B

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'57.8"N 75°10'14.7"W; 2907 m a.s.l.; 20 Nov 2005; leg. Corredor, A. 15 (HUA 161439) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Trametes villosa (Sw.) Kreisel, 1971

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'06.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD8
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
68A130F2-5FC3-57B5-A14A-24A46AA38F5C

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, leg. Chardon & Toro 551 (CU) (Chardón and Toro 1930)

Truncospora ochroleuca (Berk.) Pilát, 1941

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8" W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 51
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
5E482CD7-B4AE-5E9A-8164-A33BAF7F3194

Diagnosis:

Basidiome perennial, solitary or imbricate, sessile, attached by a narrow or broad lateral base. Pileus ungulate, glabrous, upper surface pale yellow, concentrically zonate (Fig. 2E). Margin thick, round, slightly lobed. Pore surface cream. Pores round, 4–6 per mm. Tubes and context dull yellow. Hyphal structure trimitic, generative hyphae thin-walled, hyaline, with clamps, skeletal hyphae hyaline and thick-walled, binding hyphae hyaline and thick-walled. Basidiospores ellipsoid, truncate at the apex, hyaline to golden, thick-walled and dextrinoid 10.9–16.1 × 6.2–8.6 µm.

Notes:

The species is characterised by the small, thick, glabrous pilei and large truncate spores. Originally, the species was described from Australia, but currently presents a worldwide distribution. In South America, it has been recorded in Brazil. This is the first record of the species in Colombia.

Family Steccherinaceae

Antrodiella multipileata Log.-Leite & J.E. Wright, 1991

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD 129
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
87F7969F-86EC-5B04-81F5-50D78E453B5D

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes annual, effused reflexed to pileate, upper surface pale yellow, zonate (Fig. 2B). Pore surface white to light straw-colored. Pores angular to slightly irregular, 4–5 per mm. Margin poroid to irpicoid. Context thin, concolorous with the tubes. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae with clamps, hyaline, very difficult to observe, skeletal hyphae hyaline, thick-walled to solid. Presence of abundant crystals. Cystidia and other sterile elements absent. Basidia with four sterigmata. Basidiospores ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, 3.6–4.5 × 2.5–3.2 μm.

Notes:

This species is characterised by small and whitish basidiomes with large irregular pores and ellipsoid basidiospores, in addition to the hyphal structure of difficult interpretation. The species was described from Brazil (Leite and Wright 1991). This is the first record of the species for Colombia.

Flabellophora parva Corner, 1987

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 54
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
000BE180-B795-5DB4-8BDC-5B81432018B6

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes stipitate, solitary. Pileus flabelliform to subreniform, upper surface subpruinose when dry, white to pale yellow, stipe short (Fig. 2C). Stipe short, base subdiscoid. Pore surface white. Pores angular to irregular, 11–14 per mm. Hyphal structure pseudo-dimitic; generative hyphae with clamps, with long segments on the thick-walled hyphae, skeletal hyphae thick-walled; it is difficult to interpret whether it is a dimitic or monomythic hyphal system. Basidiospores ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 3.4–4.1 × 2.5–3.2 µm.

Notes:

The superimposed pileate basidiocarp with minute pores, the pileus colour and the size of the spores, were characters used to differentiate this species from others. It has been described from Peru (Corner 1987). This is the first record of the species for Colombia.

Nigroporus vinosus (Berk.) Murrill, 1905

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Líbano; Santa Librada Reserve
; verbatimElevation:
1100 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°52'48.4"N 75°01'17.4"W
; eventDate:
29 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
LRD125
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
6D1B7F26-2BCB-5AB3-AA8F-B38923EE2C44

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes annual, effused-reflexed to pileate with contracted base. Pileus dimidiate to flabelliform, applanate, upper surface velutinate, vinaceous to purplish-brown, azonate (Fig. 3H). Pore surface greyish-brown. Pores circular to irregular, 6–10 per mm (Fig. 3G). Tubes concolorous with the pore surface or slightly greyish. Context dark brown, up to 3 mm thick. Hyphal structure dimitic; generative hyphae with clamps, thin-walled, skeletal hyphae thick-walled. Basidiospores allantoid to cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 2.9–3.5 × 1.2–1.8 µm.

Notes:

The small vinaceous to purple basidiome are characteristic of this species, the allantoid to cylindrical spores separate it from species in Nigrofomes Murrill. The species present a Pantropical distribution. This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Trullella polyporoides (Ryvarden & Iturr.) Zmitr., 2018

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Ibagué, JBSJ; 4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W; 1200 m a.s.l.; 20 Jan 2017; leg. Zambrano, C. and Dávila, L.R., ZF2 (FUT) (Zambrano-Forero et al. 2021).

Family Incertae sedis

Diplomitoporus hondurensis (Murrill) Ryvarden, 2000

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF38
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
CFDB0BA1-59BA-5A77-980A-157CB9B1D659

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes resupinate, brittle when dry (Fig. 3D). Pore surface white when fresh and pale orange when dry. Pores angular to irregular, 2–4 per mm. Context very thin and white. Hyphal structure dimitic, generative hyphae hyaline, with clamps, skeletal hyphae predominant, thick-walled, hyaline. Dendrohyphidia present, in some cases with apical protuberances. Basidia with four sterigmata. Basidiospores cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 4.6–6.2 × 2.8–3.4 μm.

Notes:

The species is microscopically separated by the dendrohyphidia and larger basidiospores from similar species. It is distributed in Puerto Rico and Honduras (type locality), but certainly has a wider distribution in the Caribbean (Ryvarden 2000). This is the first record of the species for Tolima.

Trichaptum sector (Ehrenb.) Kreisel, 1971

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Espinal; Chicoral
; verbatimElevation:
390 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°11'56.9''N 74°59'20.0''W
; eventDate:
22 Jun 2022
; catalogNumber:
PXVB 7
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
20D42B6F-4E3B-5CD3-9D78-A022F8C1A839

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes annual, pileate, broadly attached, applanate. Pileus upper surface light brown to yellowish-grey, zonate, appressed velutinate to tomentose (Fig. 3K). Margin entire then lobed, pale fuscous vinaceous. Pore surface brown, pores angular 3–4 per mm, with irregular edge. Hyphal structure trimitic; generative hyphae with clamps, some rather thick-walled, hyaline; skeletal hyphae thick-walled, yellow, mostly parallel; binding hyphae tortuous. Cystidia clavate, apically encrusted. Hymenial cystidia with thin or slightly thickened walls, subclavate to subventricose, then obtuse apex with a crystal cap. Basidiospores ellipsoid, hyaline, negative in Melzer’s Reagent, 4.5–5.9 × 2.2–2.6 μm.

Notes:

The colouration of the pore surface and the upper surface are characteristic of this species. It is found throughout Mexico and Central America. In Colombia, this collection represents the first record of the species for Tolima.

Order Russulales

Family Auriscalpiaceae

Artomyces pyxidatus (Pers.) Jülich, 1982

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, sector Sabanaverde; 4°53'21.4''N 75°11'7.5''W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 07 Nov 2006; leg. Rendón, Y. s.n. (HUA 166022 as Clavicorona pyxidate (Pers.) Doty) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Hericiaceae

Dentipellicula guyanensis Yuan Yuan, Meng Zhou, Jia J. Chen & Vlasák, 2020

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higherGeography:
Colombia; Tolima; Municipality of Ibagué; JBSJ
; verbatimElevation:
1200 m
; verbatimCoordinates:
4°27'6.7"N 75°13'19.8"W
; eventDate:
22 Sep 2019
; catalogNumber:
ZF 48
; collectionCode:
FUT
; occurrenceID:
2D99595C-2D51-5A8F-A20D-A99248F94175

Diagnosis:

Basidiomes resupinate, odontioid (Fig. 2G). Margin white, fimbriate, cottony; spines acute, 2.6-3.4 x 0.2-0.5 mm. Hyphal structure monomitic; generative hyphae with clamps. Gloeopleurous hyphae and gloeocystidia present. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, minutely roughened, strongly amyloid, 2.8–3.5 × 2.0–2.8 µm.

Notes:

The species differs from other Dentipellicula Y.C. Day & L.W. Zhou species by the shape and size of the spores. This is the first record of the species in Colombia.

Family Russulaceae

Lactarius atroviridis Peck, 1889

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno, near the sewage treatment plant; 4°52'50"N 75°10'2.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 29 Apr 2011; leg. Pimienta, J. 3 (HUA 183184) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Lactarius camphoratus (Bull.) Fr., 1838

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector El Inciensal; 2350 m a.s.l.; 19 Apr 2005; leg. Corredor, A. 5 (HUA 161738) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Lactarius chrysorrheus Fr., 1838

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 2650 m a.s.l.; 09 May 2006; leg. Flórez, C. 9 (HUA 165698) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Lactarius deceptivus Peck, 1885

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector Los Pérez, Protected Area El Roble; 4°52'00"N 75°08'00"W; 25 May 2007; leg. Botero, A. 30 (HUA 165685) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Lactarius indigo (Schwein.) Fr., 1838

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno, near the sewage treatment plant; 4°52'50"N 75°10'2.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 29 Apr 2011; leg. Pérez, G. 9 (HUA 182984) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Russula emetica (Schaeff.) Pers., 1796

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector Fifí, La Albania; 4°52'38.6"N 75°07'35.4"W; 2350 to 2640 m a.s.l.; 30 Oct 2010; leg. Palacios, M. 5 (HUA 183175) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Family Stereaceae

Stereum ostrea (Blume & T. Nees) Fr., 1838

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45"W; 2659 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct 2011; leg. Almanza, E. 3 (HUA 182932) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Thelephorales

Family Thelephoraceae

Tomentella bryophila (Pers.) M.J. Larsen, 1974

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 2659 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov 2014; leg. Urmas Koljalg 12386 (TUF) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tomentella lateritia Pat., 1894

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 2964 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov 2014; leg. Urmas Koljalg 12355 (TUF) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tomentella radiosa (P. Karst.) Rick, 1934

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 2659 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov 2014; leg. Urmas Koljalg 12358 (TUF) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Tomentella stuposa (Link) Stalpers, 1984

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo; 2659 m a.s.l.; 10 Nov 2014; leg. Urmas Koljalg 12361 (TUF) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Order Tremellales

Family Tremellaceae

Tremella mesenterica Retz., 1769

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, sector La Albania; 4°52'30.3"N 75°08'45.4"W; 2656 m a.s.l.; 22 Oct 2011; leg. Carmona, M. J. 2 (HUA 182881) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Doubtful taxa

Aleurodiscus disciformis (DC.) Pat., 1894

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; (Cossu et al. 2022)

Calostoma cinnabarinum Desv., 1809

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Cantharellus lateritius (Berk.) Singer, 1951

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Pajonales; 4°52'38.6"N 75°07'35.4"W; 2350 m a.s.l.; 24 Nov 2005; leg. Pérez, J. 13 (HUA 161239) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Chalciporus piperatus (Bull.) Bataille, 1908

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector La Albania; 4°52'00.0"N 75°08'26.0"W; 2685 m a.s.l.; 11 Dec 2012; leg. Mosquera, J. 4 (HUA 184972) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010, Universidad de Antioquia 2023)

Collybia margarita (Murrill) Singer, 1951

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; 2100-2350 m a.s.l.; (as Tricholoma margarita) (Cossu et al. 2022).

Conferticium ochraceum (Fr.) Hallenb., 1980

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; 3600-3800 m a.s.l. (Cossu et al. 2022).

Cyanosporus subcaesius (A. David) B.K. Cui, L.L. Shen & Y.C. Dai, 2018

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; 2450-3100 m a.s.l. (Cossu et al. 2022).

Heteroradulum lividofuscum (Pat.) Spirin & Malysheva, 2017

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima (Cossu et al. 2022).

Hygrocybe miniata (Fr.) P. Kumm., 1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, Sector Sabanaverde; 4°53'21"N 75°11'08"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 08 May 2006; leg. Flórez, C. 06 (HUA 161147) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Hyphodontia granulosa (Pers.) Bernicchia, 1988

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima (Cossu et al. 2022).

Laccaria amethystina Cooke, 1884

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'49.7"N 75°09'57.1"W; 2957 m a.s.l.; 16 Nov 2006; leg. Prada, P. 2 (HUA 166063) (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019, Universidad de Antioquia 2023)

Lentinula boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Pegler, 1976

Distribution:

Murillo, Vereda Pajonales, Finca Alaska; 2675 m a.s.l.; 4°52'48.0"N 75°08'25.8"W; 06 Nov 2006; leg. Echeverri, J.D. 9 (HUA 166001) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Lichenomphalia hudsoniana (H.S. Jenn.) Redhead, Lutzoni, Moncalvo & Vilgalys, 2002

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima; 4150 to 4700 m a.s.l. (Cossu et al. 2022).

Marasmius cohaerens (Pers.) Cooke & Quél., 1878

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Sector el Infierno; 4°52'50.0"N 75°10'02.4"W; 2891 m a.s.l.; 05 May 2012; leg. Restrepo, E. 2 (HUA 195656) (Franco-Molano et al. 2010, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Mycena alcalina (Fr.) P. Kumm.,1871

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima (Franco-Molano et al. 2010).

Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr., 1863

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima (Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019).

Xeromphalina tenuipes (Schwein.) A.H. Sm., 1953

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Murillo, Vereda Sabanalarga, Área Protegida Vallecitos, Sector Casas Viejas; 4°53'00.0"N 75°11'07.5"W; 3000 to 3100 m a.s.l.; 17 Apr 2015; leg. Montoya, J. 2 (HUA 161644) (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022, Universidad de Antioquia 2023).

Xylaria telfairii (Berk.) Sacc., 1882

Distribution:

Colombia, Tolima, Municipality of Villarrica, La Colonia; 1560 m a.s.l.; 25 Jan 1944; leg. Elbert Little s.n. (GAM) (Cossu et al. 2022, MyCoPortal 2023).

Analysis

Taxonomy

We found 18 publications with information on the diversity of macrofungi in Tolima. A total of 193 records of macrofungi corresponding to 164 species were found for the Tolima Department. The species reported here belong to 15 orders (Fig. 4), with Agaricales and Polyporales being the best represented, with 45 and 19%, respectively. The best sampled municipalities are Murillo with 100 species and Ibagué with 28 (Fig. 5).

Figure 4.

Number of species in the Department of Tolima for each Order.

Figure 5.

DDistribution map of macrofungi in the Tolima Department.

In this study, 38 specimens were collected and morphologically identified, which were classified as 19 new reports (Figs 1, 3) for the department of Tolima and seven new reports for Colombia (Fig. 2). In addition, the new reports include a morphological description and comments.

We keep a total of eighteen species under doubtful taxa. There is a group of species that have been recorded in the literature for the Department of Tolima (Franco-Molano et al. 2010, Peña-Venegas and Vasco-Palacios 2019, Cossu et al. 2022, Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022), but no voucher or collection was referenced. We carried out a search for vouchers of these species in the databases of the Herbarium of the Universidad de Antioquia or in the MyCoPortal. We did not have access to these specimens to review them morphologically, but we made a reference for future studies that will allow us to establish their presence in Tolima. There is another group of species recorded for the Department classified as doubtful taxa, for which we were not able to find any data regarding a voucher that could be reviewed to confirm their occurrence in the Department. In this case, after the name of the species, we leave only the bibliographical reference that cites the occurrence.

Phylogenetic inference for Gloeoporus species. For this study, we generated one consensus sequences of ITS (Table 1). In total, the ITS dataset had an aligned length of 1386 characters, of which 1072 were constant, 314 were variable and parsimony-uninformative and 194 were parsimony-informative. The best tree inferred in a Maximum Likelihood framework has a log likelihood = -4064.2346. The best fit models selected were TIM2+F+R2 for ITS and TN+F+G4 for 28S. The phylogenetic inference (Fig. 6) and the morphological analysis confirmed that the collected specimen corresponds to Gloeoporus thelephoroides (Hook.) G. Cunn. (LRD130, BS = 91, SH alRT = 95).

Figure 6.

Phylogenetic relationship of Gloeoporus species inferred from a combined dataset of ITS+nLSU conducted by IQ-TREEE optimal tree (log likelihood = --4064.2346). The sequences generated in this study are indicated in bold. Values at nodes indicate ultrafast bootstrap (left) and the Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood-ratio test (right); minus (–) indicates support values lower than 90%. Two codes after voucher specimens indicate the country of origin (ISO 3166 – Alpha 2). The bar indicates the number expected substitutions per position.

Phylogenetic inference for Podoscypha species. For this study, we generated one consensus sequences of ITS (Table 2). In total, the ITS dataset had an aligned length of 1948 characters, of which 1329 were constant, 619 were variable and parsimony-uninformative and 413 were parsimony-informative. The best tree inferred in a Maximum Likelihood framework has a log likelihood = -9011.705842. The best fit models selected were TN+F+I+G4 for ITS and TN+F+R2 for 28S. The phylogenetic inference (Fig. 7) and the morphological analysis confirmed that the collected specimen corresponds to Podoscypha venustula (Speg.) D.A. Reid (BS = 96, SH alRT = 96).

Figure 7.

Phylogenetic relationship of Podoscypha species inferred from a combined dataset of ITS+nLSU conducted by IQ-TREEE optimal tree (log likelihood = -9011.705842). The sequences generated in this study are indicated in bold. Values at nodes indicate ultrafast bootstrap (left) and the Shimodaira-Hasegawa approximate likelihood-ratio test (right); minus (–) indicates support values lower than 90%. Two codes after voucher specimens indicate the country of origin (ISO 3166 – Alpha 2). The bar indicates the number expected substitutions per position.

Discussion

Recently, Gómez-Montoya et al. (2022) reported 115 species of macrofungi of Basidiomycota for the Department of Tolima, Colombia, and Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano (2012) have reported only four species of Ascomycota. In this study, we managed to compile a total of 164 species of macrofungi (154 of Basidiomycota and 10 of Ascomycota), 146 being considered as good records and we placed 18 species as doubtful taxa. Additionally, new records, based on morphological and phylogenetical analyses, are presented, which makes it the most complete and critical checklist to date for Tolima.

The order Agaricales, with 76 species recorded in the Department, is considered the best represented. The 97% of the reports have been made in the Montane Rainforest and in forests dominated by Quercus. Only one species, P. cubensis (Pulido 1983), has been recorded from the tropical dry forest, which is one of the most threatened ecosystems in Colombia (Etter et al. 2017). Although this is the best represented order in the Department, it is necessary to collect and study species of Agaricales from other municipalities and different ecosystems of Tolima.

The order Polyporales is the second-best represented order with 32 species. About 85% of the recorded species are distributed in lowland forest areas and the remaining records have been made in Montane Rainforests of Murillo, Líbano and Ibagué. Within Polyporales, we present 12 new records for the Department and five for Colombia. These results agree with those presented by Gómez-Montoya et al. (2022) in which Agaricales and Polyporales are always the best represented groups in almost all ecosystems where diversity studies of fungi have been conducted (oak forest, coniferous forest, mixed forest, Amazon, lowland and other ecosystems).

The order Hymenochaetales is represented by six species in three different families. In this study, we included two records for the tropical rainforest and premontane dry forest. We present the first record of Phylloporia chrysites for Colombia. This species was previously described in Venezuela and is found associated with the roots of living plants, possibly with a parasitic lifestyle. New samples must be collected to determine the diversity of this order in Tolima.

For the order Auriculariales, five species are reported. A very important species, from the nutritional point of view, is A. auricula-judae that was registered in Murillo Municipality (Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022). Wu et al. (2021) documented that it is a species with European distribution and probably it is a species complex in other parts of the world. It is necessary to review the morphology of the Colombian specimens and obtain molecular and phylogenetic data that allow us to properly name this species and classify it correctly in the phylogeny of the group. Protomerulius caryae was previously recorded in Colombia for the Department of Antioquia (Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano 2012). It was reported for the first time in Tolima in this study.

The orders Boletales, Cantharelalles, Phallales, Russulales, Thelephorales and Tremellales were represented by 12 species or less. Species recorded in these orders were all collected in montane rainforest and oak forest, except for Dentipellicula guyanensis that was recorded in tropical dry forest. Gloeophyllum striatum and D. spathularius are the only species reported for Gloeophyllales and Dacrymycetales, respectively, both species being reported from tropical dry forest. Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano (2012) reported that, in Colombia, these species are distributed below 2100 m a.s.l. It is necessary to carry out studies of the diversity of these groups in other localities and types forests present in Tolima, such as tropical dry forest, tropical rainforest, paramo and wetlands.

It is important to note that there are some endemic species described from Tolima, such as Hohenbuehelia espeletiae, described from Santa Isabel paramo. This species is only known from this type locality and from the type material, which makes it an excellent candidate to evaluate its state of conservation, mainly due to the loss and destruction of the paramo ecosystems. It is a priority to carry out studies on fungal diversity and conservation in the paramos of Colombia because it is currently a threatened ecosystem. Another endemic species is Favolaschia roseogrisea. It was also described from Tolima, but has not been collected since then. The type specimen is not located in Colombia (Singer B 6035 F) and it would be very important to have new records of this species deposited in Colombian herbaria and with an exhaustive morphological and phylogenetical analyses. The non-lichenised Ascomycota fungi have been little studied in the Department of Tolima, only ten species being recorded, so new works are needed to study the diversity of this group in the Department. The humid mountain forest is the best sampled with five species, but the diversity of Ascomycota in Tolima is still unknown. It is important to note that Ascomycota is the best represented group in Colombia with 4,554 species (Sanjuan and Brothers 2022). Certainly, the very low number of records in the Department is a clear sign of a knowledge gap.

The data provided in this study constitute an important baseline for the knowledge of fungal biodiversity in the Department of Tolima; additionally, it is a contribution to increase the knowledge of fungi distributed in dry and humid forests of low altitude, which are considered very little sampled forests in the Colombian Andes regarding fungal diversity (Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano 2019, Gómez-Montoya et al. 2022).

Acknowledgements

This study was carried out within the framework of project No. 58653 of the "Academic-scientific NanoBioCáncer Alliance" financially supported by the "Colombia científica" initiative of the National Government of Colombia and the World Bank, contract FP448442-211-2018 of 2018. MV was supported by the “Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento para la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación, Francisco José de Caldas”, Minciencias, contract number 648 2020 in Program 848.

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Supplementary material

Endnotes