Marine Bryozoa of Greece: an annotated checklist

Vasilis Gerovasileiou; Antonietta Rosso

doi:10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672

Biodiversity Data Journal : Taxonomic Paper

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Taxonomic Paper

Marine Bryozoa of Greece: an annotated checklist

Vasilis Gerovasileiou^‡, Antonietta Rosso^§,|

‡ Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece

§ Sezione di Scienze della Terra, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy

| Unità di Ricerca di Catania, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy

Corresponding author:

Academic editor: Christos Arvanitidis

Received: 28 Sep 2016 | Accepted: 17 Oct 2016 | Published: 01 Nov 2016

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Gerovasileiou V, Rosso A (2016) Marine Bryozoa of Greece: an annotated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e10672. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672

Abstract

Background

Until today, a complete checklist of Bryozoa of the Greek seas had never been published and species records were scattered in several taxonomic and ecological studies. The aim of this paper is to produce a first checklist of marine bryozoan species of Greece, in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS) initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI), by reviewing the existing literature and following the recent trends in the taxonomy of this group.

New information

The marine bryozoan fauna of Greece comprises 237 species, classified in 127 genera, 66 families, 3 orders, and 2 classes. The vast majority belongs to the class Gymnolaemata (177 Cheilostomatida and 21 Ctenostomatida), while the remaining 39 species are Stenolaemata (all Cyclostomatida). Among these species, 12 are considered endemic to the eastern Mediterranean, while another 12 species are non-indigenous.

Keywords

Biodiversity, Aegean Sea, Sea of Crete, Levantine Sea, Ionian Sea, Eastern Mediterranean.

Introduction

The Mediterranean bryozoan fauna represents about 9.6% of the known global diversity of Bryozoa (Rosso and Di Martino 2016). However, current knowledge on the bryozoan fauna of this basin is highly biased due to differences in research effort for different taxa, marine areas and habitat types. Recent efforts in the south-eastern Mediterranean Sea have significantly increased our knowledge from areas which were previously considered “data-poor” spots for bryozoans, revealing a considerable proportion of non-indigenous taxa (e.g. Harmelin et al. 2016, Sokolover et al. 2016). Furthermore, information on Bryozoa from several Mediterranean areas is fragmented in old publications and grey literature; the collation of updated checklists (e.g. Koçak and Aydın Önen 2014) by experts could contribute to the mapping of diversity for understudied taxa and areas (Bailly et al. 2016, this special collection).

Sporadic records of bryozoans from the Aegean Sea can be found in old taxonomic studies, including the descriptions of the cheilostome species Calpensia nobilis, Hippaliosina depressa and Watersipora cucullata from this marine region (Busk 1854), based on material collected from shallow water macroalgae by E. Forbes. The first studies focusing on Bryozoa of the eastern Mediterranean basin, the Greek seas included, took place in the late 1960s (Harmelin 1969), based on material that was collected with dredges during the oceanographic expedition of the French research vessel “Jean Charcot” (1968). A total of 101 species belonging to all the 3 living bryozoan orders, were found, including several new records for the Mediterranean fauna. Later, the taxonomic study by Hayward (1974) on the cheilostome Bryozoa of Chios Island (north-eastern Aegean) yielded 101 species, including rare records and new species. Sharing only 47 cheilostomes with Harmelin’s list mentioned above, this study increased the eastern Mediterranean bryozoan diversity by 54 species.

More recently, few taxonomic and ecological studies have focused on the bryozoan fauna of Greece (e.g. Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990), while a considerable number of records has been included in general ecological studies examining a variety of habitats (e.g. Simboura et al. 1995, Conides et al. 1999, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005, Gerovasileiou et al. 2013, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015). A complete checklist of Bryozoa however had never been published from Greece. The aim of the present study is to give a first annotated checklist of Bryozoa from the Greek seas.

Materials and methods

The checklist presented in this paper was compiled in the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS), an initiative of the LifeWatchGreece Research e-Infrastructure aiming to produce a complete inventory of the known biodiversity of Greece (Bailly et al. 2016, this special collection). As this is the first attempt to compile a checklist of bryozoan diversity of the Greek seas, we performed an exhaustive literature review of bryozoan records. All taxa were cross-checked for synonymies and dubious records against the World List of Bryozoa (recent and fossil), the World Register of Marine Species (Bock and Gordon 2016, WoRMS Editorial Board 2016), and the recent update of the Mediterranean bryozoan diversity by Rosso and Di Martino (2016). Taxa identified as cf., as well as those left in open nomenclature, and fossil records were not included in the list. The checklist is annotated with the literature references reporting the presence of each species from Greek waters, as well as with notes on the nomenclature of some taxa. Non-indigenous bryozoans are also marked (NIB). The checklist follows the alphabetical order.

Checklist of Bryozoa known to occur in the Greek seas

Class Gymnolaemata Allman, 1856

Order Cheilostomatida Busk, 1852

Family Adeonidae Busk, 1884

Genus Adeonella Busk, 1884

Adeonella calveti (Canu & Bassler, 1930)

Notes:

Gautier 1962

Adeonella pallasii (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Rosso and Novosel 2010, Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Genus Reptadeonella Busk, 1884

Reptadeonella violacea (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a (as Reptoporellina, probably a mispelling), Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Aeteidae Smitt, 1868

Genus Aetea Lamouroux, 1812

Aetea anguina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Ganias 1990

Aetea lepadiformis Waters, 1906

Notes:

Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Aetea sica (Couch, 1844)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Aetea truncata (Landsborough, 1852)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Antroporidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Rosseliana Jullien, 1888

Rosseliana rosselii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Family Beaniidae Canu & Bassler, 1927

Genus Beania Johnston, 1840

Beania cylindrica (Hincks, 1886)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Beania hirtissima (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Beania magellanica (Busk, 1852)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Beania mirabilis Johnston, 1840

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Family Bitectiporidae MacGillivray, 1895

Genus Metroperiella Canu & Bassler, 1917

Metroperiella lepralioides (Calvet, 1903)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Pentapora Fischer, 1807

Pentapora fascialis (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005, Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014

Genus Schizomavella Canu & Bassler, 1917

Schizomavella rudis (Manzoni, 1869)

Notes:

In the absence of type material, the validity of S. rudis has been questioned by Reverter-Gil et al. (2012). Two new species, Stephanotheca watersi Reverter-Gil, Souto & Fernandez-Pulpeiro, 2012 and Schizomavella adriatica Reverter-Gil, Souto, Novosel & Tilbrook, 2016 have been erected to allocate some records from the western Basin and the Adriatic, respectively. Nevertheless, records and material from the Aegean were not considered and hence they are provisionally still reported as S. rudis (see also Rosso and Di Martino 2016).

Schizomavella (Calvetomavella) discoidea (Busk, 1859)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999; the status of these records needs to be checked (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016).

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) asymetrica (Calvet, 1927)

Nomenclature:

Synonym valid for Calyptotheca triarmata Hayward, 1974 (see Rosso et al. 2010).

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) cornuta (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999; Mediterranean colonies recorded as S. auriculata, S. auriculata cuspidata and S. cuspidata possibly belong to this species.

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) hastata (Hincks, 1862)

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) linearis (Hassall, 1841)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Ganias 1990

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) mamillata (Hincks, 1880)

Nomenclature:

Schizomavella linearis mamillata

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999

Family Bryocryptellidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Bryocryptella Cossmann, 1906

Bryocryptella tubulata (Busk, 1861)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Genus Palmiskenea Bishop & Hayward, 1989

Palmiskenea gautieri Madurell, Zabala, Domínguez-Carrió & Gili, 2013

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a (as Palmiskenea aff. aviculifera), Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a. These records have been provisionally reported as P. gautieri following Madurell et al. (2013) and Rosso and Di Martino (2016).

Palmiskenea skenei (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Porella Gray, 1848

Porella concinna (Busk, 1854)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Porella minuta (Norman, 1868)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Family Bugulidae Gray, 1848

Genus Bicellariella Levinsen, 1909

Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Genus Bugula Oken, 1815

Bugula calathus (Norman, 1868)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989

Genus Bugulina Gray, 1848

Bugulina avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Bugulina fulva (Ryland, 1960)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Bugulina simplex (Hincks, 1886)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984

Bugulina spicata (Hincks, 1886)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983

Bugulina stolonifera (Ryland, 1960)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Bugulina turbinata (Alder, 1857)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985

Genus Crisularia Gray, 1848

Crisularia aperta (Hincks, 1886)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983

Crisularia plumosa (Pallas, 1766)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Crisularia serrata (Lamarck, 1816)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Family Calloporidae Norman, 1903

Genus Alderina Norman, 1903

Alderina imbellis (Hincks, 1860)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Genus Aplousina Canu & Bassler, 1927

Aplousina capriensis (Waters, 1898)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Genus Callopora Gray, 1848

Callopora dumerilii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Callopora lineata (Linnaeus, 1767)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Genus Copidozoum Harmer, 1926

Copidozoum planum (Hincks, 1880)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Copidozoum tenuirostre (Hincks, 1880)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Genus Corbulella Gordon, 1984

Corbulella maderensis (Waters, 1898)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Crassimarginatella Canu, 1900

Crassimarginatella crassimarginata (Hincks, 1880)

Notes:

Gautier 1962

Crassimarginatella solidula (Hincks, 1860)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Ellisina Norman, 1903

Ellisina gautieri Fernandez Pulpeiro & Reverter Gil, 1993

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Parellisina Osburn, 1940

Parellisina curvirostris (Hincks, 1862)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Retevirgula Brown, 1948

Retevirgula akdenizae Chimenz, Nicoletti & Lippi Boncambi, 1997

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Family Candidae d'Orbigny, 1851

Genus Caberea Lamouroux, 1816

Caberea boryi (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Simboura et al. 1995

Genus Cradoscrupocellaria Vieira, Spencer Jones & Winston, 2013

Cradoscrupocellaria bertholletii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Cradoscrupocellaria macrorhyncha (Gautier, 1962)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974

Genus Scrupocaberea Vieira, Spencer Jones, Winston, Migotto & Marques, 2014

Scrupocaberea maderensis (Busk, 1860)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Genus Scrupocellaria Van Beneden, 1845

Scrupocellaria aegeensis Harmelin, 1969

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Scrupocellaria delilii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Scrupocellaria incurvata Waters, 1897

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Scrupocellaria muricata (Lamouroux, 1816)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a

Scrupocellaria scrupea Busk, 1852

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Scrupocellaria scruposa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Family Cellariidae Fleming, 1828

Genus Cellaria Ellis & Solander, 1786

Cellaria fistulosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Cellaria normani (Hastings, 1947)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Cellaria salicornioides Lamouroux, 1816

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Ganias 1990

Family Celleporidae Johnston, 1838

Genus Buskea Heller, 1867

Buskea dichotoma (Hincks, 1862)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Buskea nitida Heller, 1867

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Genus Cellepora Linnaeus, 1767

Cellepora posidoniae (Hayward, 1975)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Cellepora pumicosa (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Genus Celleporina Gray, 1848

Celleporina caminata (Waters, 1879)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Celleporina hassallii (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984 (as Cellepora hassalli), Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Celleporina lucida (Hincks, 1880)

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Celleporina tubulosa (Hincks, 1880)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Palmicellaria Alder, 1864

Palmicellaria elegans Alder, 1864

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Genus Turbicellepora Ryland, 1963

Turbicellepora avicularis (Hincks, 1860)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Turbicellepora camera Hayward, 1978

Notes:

Hayward 1978, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Turbicellepora coronopus (Wood, 1844)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Turbicellepora crenulata Hayward, 1978

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Turbicellepora magnicostata (Barroso, 1919)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Chlidoniidae Busk, 1884

Genus Chlidonia Lamouroux, 1824

Chlidonia pyriformis (Bertoloni, 1810)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Chorizoporidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Chorizopora Hincks, 1879

Chorizopora brongniartii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Colatooeciidae Winston, 2005

Genus Trematooecia Osburn, 1940

Trematooecia ligulata Ayari & Taylor, 2008

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Cigclisula turrita)

Family Crepidacanthidae Levinsen, 1909

Genus Crepidacantha Levinsen, 1909

Crepidacantha poissonii (Audouin, 1826)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Cribrilinidae Hincks, 1879

Genus Collarina Jullien, 1886

Collarina balzaci (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Genus Figularia Jullien, 1886

Figularia figularis (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Puellina Jullien, 1886

Puellina (Cribrilaria) innominata (Couch, 1844)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Puellina (Cribrilaria) hincksi (Friedl, 1917)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Morri et al. 1999

Puellina (Cribrilaria) radiata (Moll, 1803)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Puellina (Cribrilaria) venusta (Canu & Bassler, 1925)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Puellina (Glabrilaria) orientalis Harmelin & Aristegui, 1987

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Puellina (Glabrilaria) pedunculata (Gautier, 1956)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974

Puellina (Puellina) gattyae (Landsborough, 1852)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Puellina (Puellina) setosa (Waters, 1899)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Cryptosulidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Cryptosula Canu & Bassler, 1925

Cryptosula pallasiana (Moll, 1803)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Electridae d'Orbigny, 1851

Genus Conopeum Gray, 1848

Conopeum seurati (Canu, 1928)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Electra Lamouroux, 1816

Electra pilosa (Linnaeus, 1767)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Electra posidoniae Gautier, 1954

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Family Epistomiidae Gregory, 1893

Genus Synnotum Pieper, 1881

Synnotum aegyptiacum (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Escharinidae Tilbrook, 2006

Genus Escharina Milne Edwards, 1836

Escharina dutertrei subsp. protecta Zabala, Maluquer & Harmelin, 1993

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999

Escharina johnstoni (Quelch, 1884)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Escharina vulgaris (Moll, 1803)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a (as Schizoporella vulgaris), Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b (as S. vulgaris), Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Herentia Gray, 1848

Herentia hyndmanni (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Hippomenella Canu & Bassler, 1917

Hippomenella mucronelliformis (Waters, 1899)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Therenia David & Pouyet, 1978

Therenia rosei Berning, Tilbrook & Rosso, 2008

Notes:

Hayward 1974 (as Escharina porosa), Ganias 1990 (as E. porosa), Berning et al. 2008

Family Exechonellidae Harmer, 1957

Genus Anarthropora Smitt, 1868

Anarthropora monodon (Busk, 1860)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Exechonella Duvergier, 1924

Exechonella antillea (Osburn, 1927)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Family Exochellidae Bassler, 1935

Genus Escharoides Milne Edwards, 1836

Escharoides coccinea (Abildgaard, 1806)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984 (as Cellepora coccinea), Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Flustridae Fleming, 1828

Genus Chartella Gray, 1848

Chartella papyrea (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Genus Gregarinidra Barroso, 1949

Gregarinidra gregaria (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984

Genus Hincksina Norman, 1903

Hincksina flustroides (Hincks, 1877)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Haplopomidae Gordon in De Blauwe, 2009

Genus Haplopoma Levinsen, 1909

Haplopoma impressum (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Hippaliosinidae Winston, 2005

Genus Hippaliosina Canu, 1919

Hippaliosina depressa (Busk, 1854)

Notes:

Busk 1854, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Gerovasileiou et al. 2013, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Family Hippopodinidae Levinsen, 1909

Genus Hippopodina Levinsen, 1909

Hippopodina ambita (Hayward, 1974)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Cosciniopsis sp.), Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk, 1884)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Family Hippoporidridae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Hagiosynodos Bishop & Hayward, 1989

Hagiosynodos latus (Busk, 1856)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Hippoporidra Canu & Bassler, 1927

Hippoporidra picardi Gautier, 1962

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Morri et al. 1999

Family Hippothoidae Busk, 1859

Genus Hippothoa Lamouroux, 1821

Hippothoa flagellum Manzoni, 1870

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Lacernidae Jullien, 1888

Genus Arthropoma Levinsen, 1909

Arthropoma cecilii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Lanceoporidae Harmer, 1957

Genus Calyptotheca Harmer, 1957

Calyptotheca rugosa Hayward, 1974

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Margarettidae Harmer, 1957

Genus Margaretta Gray, 1843

Margaretta cereoides (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Ganias 1990

Family Microporellidae Hincks, 1879

Genus Diporula Hincks, 1879

Diporula verrucosa (Peach, 1868)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Genus Fenestrulina Jullien, 1888

Fenestrulina malusii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Microporella Hincks, 1877

Microporella coronata (Audouin, 1826)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Harmelin et al. (2011) suggested that specimens from the Aegean Sea reported as Microporella orientalis could belong to M. coronata (followed by Rosso and Di Martino 2016). Recorded by Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999.

Microporella ciliata (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

This taxon corresponds to a complex of species (Rosso et al. 2010, Rosso and Di Martino 2016). Recorded by Harmelin 1969, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005.

Microporella marsupiata (Busk, 1860)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Family Microporidae Gray, 1848

Genus Calpensia Jullien, 1888

Calpensia nobilis (Esper, 1796)

Notes:

Busk 1854, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Coronellina Prenant & Bobin, 1966

Coronellina fagei (Gautier, 1962)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974

Genus Micropora Gray, 1848

Micropora coriacea (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Mollia Lamouroux, 1821

Mollia multijuncta (Waters, 1879)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999

Mollia patellaria (Moll, 1803)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Monoporellidae Hincks, 1882

Genus Monoporella Hincks, 1881

Monoporella bouchardii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Mediterranean specimens of Monoporella nodulifera and M. fimbriata carinifera actually belong to this species, as suggested by Harmelin (2014a) and followed by Rosso and Di Martino (2016). Recorded by Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999.

Family Myriaporidae Gray, 1841

Genus Myriapora de Blainville, 1830

Myriapora truncata (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Family Onychocellidae Jullien, 1882

Genus Onychocella Jullien, 1882

Onychocella angulosa (Reuss, 1847)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Onychocella marioni (Jullien, 1881)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Morri et al. 1999, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Onychocella vibraculifera Neviani, 1895

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Ganias 1990

Genus Smittipora Jullien, 1882

Smittipora disjuncta (Canu & Bassler, 1930)

Nomenclature:

Smittipora is a synonym of Rectonychocella (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016).

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Phidoloporidae Gabb & Horn, 1862

Genus Dentiporella Barroso, 1926

Dentiporella sardonica (Waters, 1879)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969

Genus Plesiocleidochasma Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991

Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum Chimenz-Gusso & Soule, 2003

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Cleidochasma sp.), Hayward 1974 (as Cleidochasma porcellanum)

Genus Reteporella Busk, 1884

Reteporella complanata (Waters, 1894)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Reteporella couchii (Hincks, 1878)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Reteporella grimaldii (Jullien & Calvet, 1903)

Nomenclature:

Synonym valid for R. septentrionalis (see Rosso et al. 2010).

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005, Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014

Reteporella mediterranea (Hass, 1948)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Reteporellina Harmer, 1933

Reteporellina delicatula Hayward, 1974

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Harmelin 1976, Ganias 1990

Genus Rhynchozoon Hincks, 1895

Rhynchozoon bispinosum (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Rhynchozoon neapolitanum Gautier, 1962

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Rhynchozoon pseudodigitatum Zabala & Maluquer, 1988

Notes:

Morri et al. 1999

Rhynchozoon sp. 1 sensu Hayward, 1974

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Genus Schizoretepora Gregory, 1893

Schizoretepora imperati (Busk, 1884)

Notes:

Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014

Schizoretepora serratimargo (Hincks, 1886)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Schizoretepora solanderia (Risso, 1826)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Genus Schizotheca Hincks, 1877

Schizotheca fissa (Busk, 1856)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Stephanollona Duvergier, 1921

Stephanollona armata (Hincks, 1861)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Ganias 1990

Family Phoceanidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Phoceana Jullien in Jullien & Calvet, 1903

Phoceana tubulifera (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Romancheinidae Jullien, 1888

Genus Escharella Gray, 1848

Escharella rylandi Geraci, 1974

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Hemicyclopora Norman, 1894

Hemicyclopora multispinata (Busk, 1861)

Notes:

Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Hippopleurifera Canu & Bassler, 1925

Hippopleurifera pulchra (Manzoni, 1870)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Family Savignyellidae Levinsen, 1909

Genus Savignyella Levinsen, 1909

Savignyella lafontii (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Hayward 1974, Morri et al. 1999

Family Schizoporellidae Jullien, 1883

Genus Schizobrachiella Canu & Bassler, 1920

Schizobrachiella sanguinea (Norman, 1868)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Schizoporella Hincks, 1877

Schizoporella dunkeri (Reuss, 1848)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Morri et al. 1999, Ganias 1990

Schizoporella errata (Waters, 1878)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Ganias 1990

Schizoporella magnifica Hincks, 1886

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Schizoporella unicornis (Johnston in Wood, 1844)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Setosellidae Levinsen, 1909

Genus Setosella Hincks, 1877

Setosella vulnerata (Busk, 1860)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Family Smittinidae Levinsen, 1909

Genus Parasmittina Osburn, 1952

Parasmittina raigii (Audouin, 1826)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet, 1902)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Genus Prenantia Gautier, 1962

Prenantia cheilostoma (Manzoni, 1869)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Prenantia inerma (Calvet, 1906)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969

Genus Smittina Norman, 1903

Smittina cervicornis (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Gautier 1962 (as Porella cervicornis), Ganias 1990 (as P. cervicornis), Morri et al. 1999, Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014

Smittina colleti (Jullien & Calvet, 1903)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Smittina landsborovii (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Smittina remotorostrata (Canu & Bassler, 1928)

Notes:

Hayward 1974

Genus Smittoidea Osburn, 1952

Smittoidea marmorea (Hincks, 1877)

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Ganias 1990

Smittoidea ophidiana (Waters, 1879)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Hayward 1974

Smittoidea reticulata (MacGillivray, 1842)

Notes:

Gautier 1962, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Family Tessaradomidae Jullien, 1903

Genus Tessaradoma Norman, 1869

Tessaradoma boreale (Busk, 1860)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Trypostegidae Gordon, Tilbrook & Winston, 2005

Genus Trypostega Levinsen, 1909

Trypostega venusta (Norman, 1864)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Umbonulidae Canu, 1904

Genus Umbonula Hincks, 1880

Umbonula ovicellata Hastings, 1944

Notes:

Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Watersiporidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Watersipora Neviani, 1896

Watersipora complanata (Norman, 1864)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Watersipora cucullata (Busk, 1854)

Notes:

Busk 1854, Hayward 1974, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990. Records of Watersipora subovoidea (d'Orbigny, 1852) probably belong to W. cucullata.

Order Ctenostomatida Busk, 1852

Family Alcyonidiidae Johnston, 1838

Genus Alcyonidium Lamouroux, 1813

Alcyonidium cellarioides (Calvet, 1900)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985

Alcyonidium duplex Prouho, 1892

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Alcyonidium polyoum (Hassall, 1841)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Buskiidae Hincks, 1880

Genus Buskia Alder, 1857

Buskia nitens Alder, 1857

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Ganias 1990

Family Farrellidae d'Hondt, 1983

Genus Farrella Ehrenberg, 1838

Farrella repens (Farre, 1837)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b

Family Mimosellidae Hincks, 1877

Genus Bantariella Jebram, 1973

Bantariella verticillata (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Mimosella Hincks, 1851

Mimosella gracilis Hincks, 1851

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Nolellidae Harmer, 1915

Genus Nolella Gosse, 1851

Nolella dilatata (Hincks, 1860)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990

Nolella stipata Gosse, 1855

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Pherusellidae Osburn & Soule, 1953

Genus Pherusella Soule, 1951

Pherusella tubulosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Family Vesiculariidae Hincks, 1880

Genus Amathia Lamouroux, 1812

Amathia gracilis (Leidy, 1855)

Notes:

Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Amathia gracillima (Hincks, 1877)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Ganias 1990

Amathia imbricata (Adams, 1798)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Amathia lendigera (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Amathia pruvoti Calvet, 1911

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Amathia pustulosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b

Amathia semiconvoluta Lamouroux, 1824

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Amathia verticillata (Delle Chiaje, 1822)

Distribution:

NIB

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Conides et al. 1999

Family Victorellidae Hincks, 1880

Genus Victorella Saville-Kent, 1870

Victorella pavida Saville-Kent, 1870

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b

Family Walkeriidae Hincks, 1880

Genus Walkeria Fleming, 1823

Walkeria tuberosa Heller, 1867

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Walkeria uva (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Class Stenolaemata Borg, 1926

Order Cyclostomatida Busk, 1852

Family Annectocymidae Hayward & Ryland, 1985

Genus Annectocyma Hayward & Ryland, 1985

Annectocyma arcuata (Harmelin, 1976)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Annectocyma major (Johnston, 1847)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a (as Stomatopora major), Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989 (as S. major), Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999

Annectocyma tubulosa (Busk, 1875)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Entalophoroecia Harmelin, 1976

Entalophoroecia deflexa (Couch, 1844)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Entalophoroecia gracilis Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Entalophoroecia robusta Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Crisiidae Johnston, 1838

Genus Crisia Lamouroux, 1812

Crisia denticulata (Lamarck, 1816)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Crisia eburnea (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Crisia elongata Milne Edwards, 1838

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b

Crisia fistulosa (Heller, 1867)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Ganias 1990

Crisia pyrula Harmelin, 1990

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Crisia sp. II), Ganias 1990

Crisia ramosa Harmer, 1891

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995

Crisia sigmoidea Waters, 1916

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995

Family Entalophoridae Reuss, 1869

Genus Mecynoecia Canu, 1918

Mecynoecia delicatula (Busk, 1875)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Frondiporidae Busk, 1875

Genus Frondipora Link, 1807

Frondipora verrucosa (Lamouroux, 1821)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Frondipora gracilis), Ganias 1990, Gerovasileiou et al. 2015

Family Horneridae Smitt, 1867

Genus Hornera Lamouroux, 1821

Hornera frondiculata Lamouroux, 1821

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995

Family Lichenoporidae Smitt, 1867

Genus Disporella Gray, 1848

Disporella hispida (Fleming, 1828)

Notes:

Rosso and Di Martino (2016) maintained this taxon but it is possible that these records actually belong to a different species, D. alboranensis Alvarez, 1992; all records need to be validated. Recorded by Harmelin 1969, Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989 (as Lichenopora hispida), Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999.

Genus Patinella Gray, 1848

Patinella radiata (Audouin, 1826)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Simboura et al. 1995, Morri et al. 1999, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Patinella verrucaria (Linnaeus, 1758)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Family Oncousoeciidae Canu, 1918

Genus 'Microecia' Canu, 1918

'Microecia' occulta (Harmelin, 1976)

Nomenclature:

See Rosso et al. (2010)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Plagioeciidae Canu, 1918

Genus Cardioecia Canu & Bassler, 1922

Cardioecia watersi (O'Donoghue & de Watteville, 1939)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Entalophora rugosa), Harmelin 1976, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990

Genus Desmeplagioecia Canu & Bassler, 1920

Desmeplagioecia amphorae Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Desmeplagioecia violacea Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Genus Diplosolen Canu, 1918

Diplosolen obelius (Johnston, 1838)

Nomenclature:

The use of the name D. obelius for this species has been proposed by Rosso and Di Martino (2016) in spite of 'obelium' and 'obelia', used inconsistently in the literature to ensure accordance to the gender of the genus name.

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Plagioecia Canu, 1918

Plagioecia dorsalis (Waters, 1879)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Plagioecia inoedificata (Jullien, 1882)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Plagioecia patina (Lamarck, 1816)

Notes:

Harmelin 1969, Ganias 1990, Antoniadou and Chintiroglou 2005

Plagioecia platydiscus Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Plagioecia sarniensis (Norman, 1864)

Notes:

Harmelin 1976, Ganias 1990

Family Terviidae Canu & Bassler, 1920

Genus Tervia Jullien, 1883

Tervia irregularis (Meneghini, 1844)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Family Tubuliporidae Johnston, 1838

Genus Harmelinopora Brood, 1976

Harmelinopora indistincta (Canu and Bassler, 1929)

Nomenclature:

See Rosso and Di Martino (2016) and references therein

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni 1983, Ganias 1990

Genus Idmidronea Canu & Bassler, 1920

Idmidronea coerulea Harmelin, 1976

Nomenclature:

See Rosso et al. (2010) and references therein

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Idmidronea triforis (Heller, 1867)

Nomenclature:

See Rosso et al. (2010) and references therein

Notes:

Harmelin 1969 (as Idmidronea atlantica), Ganias 1990 (as I. atlantica)

Genus Platonea Canu & Bassler, 1920

Platonea stoechas Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Harmelin 1976, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Genus Tubulipora Lamarck, 1816

Tubulipora hemiphragmata Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985b, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986a, Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1986b, Ganias 1990

Tubulipora liliacea (Pallas, 1766)

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios et al. 1985a, Ganias 1990

Tubulipora notomale (Busk, 1875)

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Tubulipora plumosa Thompson in Harmer, 1898

Notes:

Castritsi-Catharios and Ganias 1989, Ganias 1990, Morri et al. 1999

Tubulipora ziczac Harmelin, 1976

Notes:

Ganias 1990

Analysis

The bryozoan fauna of the Greek seas consists of 237 species, classified into 127 genera, 66 families, 3 orders, and 2 classes (Suppl. material 1). The vast majority belongs to the class Gymnolaemata, comprising 198 species (177 Cheilostomatida and 21 Ctenostomatida) and the remaining 39 species are Stenolaemata (all Cyclostomatida). The families with the highest number of species belong to Cheilostomatida, and are Phidoloporidae (16 species), Celleporidae (14 spp.), Bugulidae (12 spp.), Calloporidae (12 spp.), Smittinidae (11 spp.), Candidae (10 spp.), and Cribrilinidae (10 spp.). These families are the most speciose in the Mediterranean Sea as well (Rosso and Di Martino 2016). All other families include less than 10 species each.

All species included in the checklist are recognized in the World List of Bryozoa and the World Register of Marine Species, except for three of them. These are: Idmidronea triforis (Heller, 1967) and I. coerulea Harmelin, 1976, allocated within the genus Idmidronea Canu and Bassler, 1920 and not Exidmonea David, Mongereau and Pouyet, 1972; 'Microecia' occulta (Harmelin, 1976), provisionally left in its former allocation because the characters of the species differ from those of the genus Oncousoecia Canu, 1918 that has been suggested for its allocation (although Microecia Canu, 1918 is recognized as a synonym of Plagioecia Canu, 1918). The taxon Rhynchozoon sp. 1 sensu Hayward, 1974 described from Chios Island, was retained in the checklist following extensive lists by Zabala and Maluquer 1988, Rosso et al. 2010, Rosso and Di Martino 2016 and taxonomic papers with description and illustrations of material from Tyrrhenian and Adriatic localities (Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014).

A number of taxa were omitted from the present checklist (Table 1) for different reasons: (1) taxa now recognized as species complexes and considered absent from the Mediterranean; further examination of specimens is needed to ascertain their correct identification; (2) species whose currently accepted geographic distribution does not include the Mediterranean Sea; the examination of the material with the Scanning Electron Microscope could possibly raise the number of non-indigenous species in the Mediterranean basin; (3) species known exclusively as fossils from Tertiary sediments of Europe, whose persistence in the Mediterranean Sea throughout the Messinian Salinity Crisis needs to be ascertained.

Table 1.

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Questionable taxa reported from Greece not included in the present checklist.

Species and authority as given in the source	First report from Greece	Remarks
Adeonella polystomella (Reuss, 1847)	Harmelin (1969)	Omitted following Rosso and Novosel (2010).
Cribrilina annulata (Fabricius, 1780)	Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis (1984)	Questionable (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016).
Cribrilina punctata (Hassall, 1841)	Castritsi-Catharios and Marcopoulou-Diacantoni (1983)	Possibly confused with Collarina balzaci (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016).
Escharina porosa (Smitt)	Hayward (1974)	Removed after the splitting of a previous complex of species (see Berning et al. 2008). Examination of material is needed.
Hippodiplosia delicatula Manzoni	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	Possibly an exclusively fossil species.
Microecia suborbicularis (Hincks)	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	The material for this species needs further examination (see Rosso et al. 2010).
Monoporella fimbriata carinifera Canu & Bassler, 1929 and M. nodulifera (Hincks)	Harmelin (1969), Hayward (1974)	Replaced by M. bouchardii following Harmelin (2014a).
Parasmittina nitida Verrill	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	Species restricted to the SW Atlantic (Winston and Maturo 2009).
Pentapora foliacea	Hayward (1974)	Species restricted to the North Atlantic (see Lombardi et al. 2010 and Rosso et al. 2010).
? Rhyncozoon lobulatum (Waters, 1879)	Harmelin (1969)	This species name is likely to refer to an aged portion of R. digitatum (see Zabala and Maluquer 1988).
Schizomavella gardensis	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	A fossil species described from the Burdigalian of France.
Scrupocellaria reptans	Hayward (1974)	Species restricted to the British Isles (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016 and references therein). All records from the Mediterranean (except for specimens from Alexandria attributed to C. aegyptiaca) need to be examined.
Sertella scbuermanni Jullien	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	This fossil species is reported only from its type locality (Miocene of west Germany).
Tricellaria peachii Osburn	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1986)	Species restricted to the North Atlantic. Could be misidentified with Tricellaria inopinata.
Tubulipora phalangea (Couch, 1844)	Antoniadou and Chintiroglou (2005)	Species restricted to the Boreo-Arctic Atlantic Ocean (see Rosso and Di Martino 2016).
Turbicellepora armata	Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1985a), Castritsi-Catharios et al. (1985b)	This species is restricted to the North Atlantic.
Turbicellepora redoutei (Audouin, 1826)	Harmelin (1969)	Species seemingly restricted to the Indo-Pacific. It was recorded only once in the Mediterranean.

Discussion

The bryozoan fauna of the Greek seas makes up 42.7% of the species, 59.9% of the genera and 71% of the families of the Mediterranean bryozoan fauna, specifically 41.7% of the Cheilostomatida, 36.8% of the Ctenostomatida and 52% of the Cyclostomatida species, based on the recent update by Rosso and Di Martino (2016). Despite the small number of sporadically distributed studies on this phylum in Greece, a considerable number of bryozoan species has been reported compared to adjacent eastern Mediterranean countries. A total of 185 species has been recorded from Turkey, 139 of which along the Aegean coasts (Koçak and Aydın Önen 2014) and 93 species from Lebanon (Harmelin et al. 2016), while 60 species were estimated to occur along the Mediterranean coasts of Israel (Sokolover et al. 2016). These numbers confirm the observed impoverishment of the bryozoan fauna from the western to the eastern basin (Harmelin et al. 2016).

Among the species reported from Greece, 12 are considered endemic to the eastern Mediterranean basin; these are the cheilostomes Adeonella pallasii, Calyptotheca rugosa, Cellepora posidoniae, Hippopodina ambita, Hippoporidra picardi, Monoporella bouchardii, Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum, Reteporellina delicatula, Retevirgula akdenizae, Smittipora disjuncta, Therenia rosei and Turbicellepora camera. Of these, 5 species were first described from the island of Chios based on material collected by Hayward (i.e. C. rugosa, H. ambita, R. delicatula, T. rosei, and T. camera), H. picardi was described from the Gulf of Thessaloniki, while R. akdenizae was described from the Turkish coasts of the Aegean Sea. The cheilostome Hippaliosina depressa, which was described from the Aegean Sea, is considered more typical of the eastern Mediterranean basin, including the Sicily Strait, the western Ionian and south Adriatic seas (Harmelin et al. 2016 and references therein, AR personal observations). Nevertheless, this species was recorded in a few localities of western Corsica (Calvet 1902, Gautier 1962) and Sardinia (AR and E. Di Martino, personal observations) in the western Mediterranean.

Interestingly, three of the bryozoans recorded from Greece are typical of the North Atlantic (Hayward and Ryland 1998, Hayward and Ryland 1999) and have been rarely reported from the Mediterranean Sea. These are Alderina imbellis (Hincks, 1860), also reported from northern Catalonia (Madurell et al. 2013), Escharina johnstoni (Quelch, 1884), also reported from the western Ionian Sea (Rosso 1996a, Rosso 1996b, Rosso et al. 2014), and Anarthropora monodon (Busk, 1860).

The recent introduction of non-indigenous species, mostly lessepsian migrants, over the last decades, has considerably increased the number of bryozoans occurring in the Mediterranean Sea (Rosso and Di Martino 2016). Studies in the southeastern Mediterranean basin have brought to light a considerable number of NIBs (Harmelin 2014b, Gerovasileiou et al. 2016, Harmelin et al. 2016, Sokolover et al. 2016), mainly originated from the Red Sea/Indo-Pacific Ocean. Until today, 12 NIBs have been reported from the Greek seas, representing 5% of the bryozoan fauna of Greece and 20% of the Mediterranean NIB fauna; these are the ctenostomes Amathia gracillima and A. verticillata and the cheilostomes Bugula neritina, Bugulina fulva, Crepidacantha poissonii, Crisularia plumosa, C. serrata, Exechonella antillea, Hippopodina feegeensis, Microporella coronata, Parasmittina raigii, and Scrupocellaria scruposa.

Bryozoans from the Greek seas were reported from a variety of habitats, including soft sediments, seagrass leaves and rhizomes, macroalgae, coralligenous concretions and, to a smaller extent, from marine caves. Further research on bryozoan diversity in understudied habitats, typically species-rich in bryozoans (e.g. marine caves and coralligenous beds), is expected to increase our knowledge, possibly revealing additional new and non-indigenous species.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the LifeWatchGreece infrastructure (MIS 384676), funded by the Greek Government under the General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), ESFRI Projects, National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF). This is contribution number 420 of the Catania Palaeontological Research Group.

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Supplementary material

Suppl. material 1: Checklist of Marine Bryozoa of Greece

Authors: Vasilis Gerovasileiou, Antonietta Rosso

Data type: Taxonomic checklist

Brief description:

Taxonomic checklist of Bryozoa known to occur in the Greek seas.

Filename: GTIS_Bryozoa_Greece_Checklist.xlsDownload file (234.50 kb)

Endnotes

Abstract

Background

New information

Keywords

Introduction

Materials and methods

Checklist of Bryozoa known to occur in the Greek seas

Class Gymnolaemata Allman, 1856

Order Cheilostomatida Busk, 1852

Family Adeonidae Busk, 1884

Genus Adeonella Busk, 1884

Adeonella calveti (Canu & Bassler, 1930)

Adeonella pallasii (Heller, 1867)

Genus Reptadeonella Busk, 1884

Reptadeonella violacea (Johnston, 1847)

Family Aeteidae Smitt, 1868

Genus Aetea Lamouroux, 1812

Aetea anguina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Aetea lepadiformis Waters, 1906

Aetea sica (Couch, 1844)

Aetea truncata (Landsborough, 1852)

Family Antroporidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Rosseliana Jullien, 1888

Rosseliana rosselii (Audouin, 1826)

Family Beaniidae Canu & Bassler, 1927

Genus Beania Johnston, 1840

Beania cylindrica (Hincks, 1886)

Beania hirtissima (Heller, 1867)

Beania magellanica (Busk, 1852)

Beania mirabilis Johnston, 1840

Family Bitectiporidae MacGillivray, 1895

Genus Metroperiella Canu & Bassler, 1917

Metroperiella lepralioides (Calvet, 1903)

Genus Pentapora Fischer, 1807

Pentapora fascialis (Pallas, 1766)

Genus Schizomavella Canu & Bassler, 1917

﻿Sc﻿hiz﻿omav﻿ella rudis ﻿(Manzoni, 1869﻿)

Schizomavella (Calvetomavella) discoidea (Busk, 1859)

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) asymetrica (Calvet, 1927)

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) cornuta (Heller, 1867)

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) hastata (Hincks, 1862)

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) linearis (Hassall, 1841)

Schizomavella (Schizomavella) mamillata (Hincks, 1880)

Family Bryocryptellidae Vigneaux, 1949

Genus Bryocryptella Cossmann, 1906

Bryocryptella tubulata (Busk, 1861)

Genus Palmiskenea Bishop & Hayward, 1989

Palmiskenea gautieri Madurell, Zabala, Domínguez-Carrió & Gili, 2013

Palmiskenea skenei (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Genus Porella Gray, 1848

Porella concinna (Busk, 1854)

Porella minuta (Norman, 1868)

Family Bugulidae Gray, 1848

Genus Bicellariella Levinsen, 1909

Bicellariella ciliata (Linnaeus, 1758)

Genus Bugula Oken, 1815

Bugula calathus (Norman, 1868)

Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Genus Bugulina Gray, 1848

Bugulina avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758)

Bugulina fulva (Ryland, 1960)

Bugulina simplex (Hincks, 1886)

Bugulina spicata (Hincks, 1886)

Bugulina stolonifera (Ryland, 1960)

Bugulina turbinata (Alder, 1857)

Genus Crisularia Gray, 1848

Crisularia aperta (Hincks, 1886)

Crisularia plumosa (Pallas, 1766)

Crisularia serrata (Lamarck, 1816)

Family Calloporidae Norman, 1903

Genus Alderina Norman, 1903

Alderina imbellis (Hincks, 1860)

Genus Aplousina Canu & Bassler, 1927

Aplousina capriensis (Waters, 1898)

Genus Callopora Gray, 1848

Callopora dumerilii (Audouin, 1826)

Callopora lineata (Linnaeus, 1767)

Genus Copidozoum Harmer, 1926

Copidozoum planum (Hincks, 1880)

Copidozoum tenuirostre (Hincks, 1880)

Schizomavella rudis (Manzoni, 1869)