Biodiversity Data Journal : Taxonomic paper
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Checklist of Fishes from Madagascar Reef, Campeche Bank, México
Corresponding author: Salvador Zarco Perello (salbaoth@gmail.com), Nuno Simões (ns@ciencias.unam.mx)
Academic editor: Rupert Collins
Received: 09 Apr 2014 | Accepted: 30 Apr 2014 | Published: 08 May 2014
© 2014 Salvador Zarco Perello, Rigoberto Moreno Mendoza, Nuno Simões.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Zarco Perello S, Moreno Mendoza R, Simões N (2014) Checklist of Fishes from Madagascar Reef, Campeche Bank, México. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1100. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1100
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This study presents the first list of fish species from Madagascar Reef, Campeche Bank, Gulf of México. Field surveys and literature review identified 54 species belonging to 8 orders, 30 families and 43 genera, comprising both conspicuous and cryptic fishes. Species richness was lower at this reef site compared to reefs in the Mexican Caribbean, Veracruz or Tuxpan, but was similar to other reefs in the same region. Species composition was a mixture of species present in all the reef systems of the Mexican Atlantic. Hypoplectrus ecosur was recorded here for the first time in the Gulf of Mexico, Mycteroperca microlepis, Equetus lanceolatus and Chaetodipterus faber were new records for the reefs of the Campeche Bank, Elacatinus xanthiprora was recorded for the second time in Mexico and expanded its known distribution westwards from Alacranes Reef and Sanopus reticulatus, endemic of the Yucatan state, was recorded here for the first time on a reef.
Coral, reef, fishes, species richness, Mexican Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Campeche Bank, Yucatan, Mexico
Coral reefs are important centres of fish biodiversity. About 4000 fish species are associated with coral reefs around the world (
The Mexican Atlantic is characterized by several reef ecosystems with diverse fish communities, containing about 40% of all the reef species in the Western Atlantic (
The ichthyofauna of the TRS, VRS and Mexican Caribbean has been studied extensively, while most of the CB reefs lack information. Detailed lists of species for the TRS, VRS and Mexican Caribbean have been generated and updated (
Given their proximity to the Caribbean and their closeness to the shore (
Madagascar Reef is part of a cluster of three reefs named Sisal Reefs. These reefs are located in the Campeche Bank, a large carbonate platform of gentle slope (
Fish species occurrence was registered during two different surveys. During the first campaign (2007), seven transects of 50 m were deployed and all fishes on sight were photographed along the way for later identification (
To evaluate if more sampling effort is needed to register all the fish species present on Madagascar Reef we calculated a species accumulation curve using the software EstimateS v.9. which utilizes a novel method developed by
Occurrence reported by
First record on a coral reef. Distribution expanded westwards from Puerto Progreso (
First record in the Gulf of Mexico (
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Western Atlantic. North Carolina, south Florida, west coast of Florida, Campeche Bank, shelf edge off Nicaragua.
Distribution expanded westwards from Alacranes Reef (
First record on a Campeche Bank reef. Occurrence reported by
Occurrence reported by
Our study found that the fish fauna of Madagascar Reef consists of 8 orders, 30 families, 43 genera and 54 species. The families with the highest representation were: Serranidae (7), Gobiidae (5), Scaridae (4), Lutjanidae (3), Haemulidae (3) and Pomacanthidae (3) (
Fish species of Madagascar Reef and its distribution on other reefs of the Gulf of Mexico. ID abbreviations: C: collected, Ph: Photograph, Vc: Visual census. Reef abbreviations: TRS: Tuxpan Reef System, Bl: Blanquilla, Me: Medio, Lo: Lobos, Ta: Tanhuijo, En: Enmedio, Tx: Tuxpan; VRS: Veracruz Reef System: dEn: De Enmedio; CB: Campeche Bank: Al: Alacranes, Ac: Arcas, Ar: Arenas, To: Triangulo Oeste, Ma: Madagascar; Mx Carib: Mexican Caribbean. The symbol • means present with no reef specified in the bibliography. References: (1)
Family | Genus and species | Authority | ID | TRS | VRS | CB | Mx Carib | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urotrygonidae | Urobatis jamaicensis | (Cuvier, 1816) | Ph | Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Muraenidae | Gymnothorax funebris | Ranzani, 1839 | Ph | Lo | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Synodontidae | Synodus sp. | Vc | Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 | |
Batrachoididae | Sanopus reticulatus | Collette, 1983 | C | Ma | 9 | |||
Holocentridae | Holocentrus adscensionis | (Osbeck, 1765) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Scorpaenidae | Scorpaena plumieri | Bloch, 1789 | C | Lo, Ta | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Serranidae | Epinephelus adscensionis | (Osbeck, 1765) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 |
Epinephelus morio | (Valenciennes, 1828) | Ph | • | Al, Ma | • | 2, 4, 8, 9 | ||
Hypoplectrus ecosur | (Cuvier, 1828) | Ph | Ma | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | ||||
Mycteroperca bonaci | (Poey, 1860) | Vc | En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 | |
Mycteroperca microlepis | (Goode & Bean, 1879) | Vc | Ta, En | • | Ma | 1, 2, 9 | ||
Mycteroperca venenosa | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Vc | dEn | Al, Ar, Ma | • | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 | ||
Serranus subligarius | (Cope, 1870) | Vc | Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | 1, 2, 4, 7 | ||
Opistognathidae | Opistognathus aurifrons | (Jordan & Thompson, 1905) | C | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Apogonidae | Astrapogon stellatus | (Cope, 1867) | C | Al, Ma | • | 4, 8, 9 | ||
Echeneidae | Echeneis sp. | Ph | Lo | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Carangidae |
Carangoides ruber Syn. Caranx ruber |
(Bloch, 1793) (Bloch, 1793) |
Ph | Bl, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Lutjanidae | Lutjanus apodus | (Walbaum, 1792) | Vc | Bl, Me, Lo, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1,2, 3, 4, 7, 8 |
Haemulidae | Lutjanus griseus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4. 8, 9 |
Ocyurus chrysurus | (Bloch, 1791) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Anisotremus virginicus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Haemulon aurolineatum | Cuvier, 1830 | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Haemulon plumierii | (Lacepède, 1801) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 | |
Sparidae | Calamus sp. | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Scianidae | Equetus lanceolatus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Ph | Lo, Tx | dEn | Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Pareques umbrosus | (Jordan & Eigenmann, 1889) | Ph | En | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Chaetodontidae | Chaetodon ocellatus | Bloch, 1787 | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 |
Pomacanthidae | Holacanthus bermudensis | Goode, 1876 | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Holacanthus ciliaris | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Vc | Bl, Me, Lo, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 | |
Pomacanthus arcuatus | (Linnaeus, 1758) | Ph | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 2, 4, 8, 9 | ||
Pomacentridae | Abudefduf saxatilis | (Linnaeus 1758) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Stegastes variabilis | (Castelnau, 1855) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Kyphosidae | Kyphosus sectatrix | (Linnaeus 1758) | Vc | Bl, Lo, Ta, Tx | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 |
Labridae | Halichoeres sp. | Vc | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 | |
Lachnolaimus maximus | (Walbaum, 1792) | Ph | Bl, Lo, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Thalassoma bifasciatum | (Bloch, 1791) | Vc | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 | |
Scaridae | Scarus coeruleus | (Edwards, 1771) | Ph | Me, Lo, Ta | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 |
Sparisoma aurofrenatum | (Valenciennes, 1840) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Sparisoma rubripinne | (Valenciennes, 1840) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Sparisoma viride | (Bonnaterre, 1788) | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Labrisomidae | Malacoctenus triangulatus | Springer, 1959 | C | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Blennidae | Parablennius marmoreus | (Poey, 1876) | C | Bl, Me, Lo, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | 1, 2, 4, 9 | |
Gobiidae | Coryphopterus dicrus | Böhlke & Robins, 1960 | C | Lo | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Coryphopterus glaucofraenum | Gill, 1863 | C | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Elacatinus oceanops | Jordan, 1904 | C, Ph | Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | • | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 | |
Elacatinus xanthiprora | (Böhlke & Robins, 1968) | C | Al, Ma | 4, 9 | ||||
Tigrigobius macrodon Syn. Elacatinus macrodon Gobiosoma macrodon |
(Beebe & Tee-Van, 1928) (Beebe & Tee-Van, 1928) Beebe & Tee-Van, 1928 |
Vc | Lo | Ma | 1, 9 | |||
Microdesmidae | Ptereleotris calliura | (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) | Ph | Tx | Al, Ma | 1, 4, 9 | ||
Ephippidae | Chaetodipterus faber | (Broussonet, 1782) | Vc | Lo, Ta, Tx | • | Ma | • | 1, 2, 7, 8 |
Acanthuridae |
Acanthurus tractus Syn. Acanthurus bahianus |
Poey, 1860 Castelnau, 1855 |
Vc | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1,2, 3, 4, 7, 8 |
Acanthurus coeruleus | Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | Ph | Bl, Me, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ac, Ar, To, Ma | • | 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 | |
Sphyraenidae | Sphyraena barracuda | (Edwards, 1771) | Ph | Bl, Lo, Ta, En, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
Scombridae | Scomberomorus maculatus | (Mitchill, 1815) | Ph | dEn | Al, Ma | 2, 4, 9 | ||
Monacanthidae | Aluterus scriptus | (Osbeck, 1765) | Ph | Lo, Tx | dEn | Al, Ma | • | 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 |
The species composition found at Madagascar Reef was a mixture of species from other reef systems within the Mexican Atlantic (
Images of some fish species recorded from Madagascar Reef.
Images of some fish species recorded from Madagascar Reef.
Images of some fish species recorded from Madagascar Reef.
Number of species shared between Madagascar Reef and the reef systems of the Mexican Atlantic. TRS: Tuxpan Reef System; VRS: Veracruz Reef System; CB: Campeche Bank; Mx Carib: Mexican Caribbean. (
The species richness at Madagascar Reef is similar to other reefs in the CB, but lower than richness values reported for reefs in the VRS and TRS (
Species richness of coral reefs of the Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean (Mx Carib). Species number by individual reefs (bars) and reef systems (circles). Reef abbreviations: TRS: Tuxpan Reef System, Bl: Blanquilla, Me: Medio, Lo: Lobos, Ta: Tanhuijo, En: Enmedio, Tx: Tuxpan; VRS: Veracruz Reef System: deEn: De Enmedio; CB: Campeche Bank, Mada: Madagascar, Ac: Arcas, An: Arenas, To: Triangulo Oeste, Al: Alacranes. References: TRS:
The estimation of the species richness through the species accumulation curve clearly shows that the list of species presented here is not an exhaustive compendium of the species inhabiting this reef and that more species remain undiscovered (
Fish species accumulation curve for Madagascar Reef. Calculated using sample-based incidence data with the software EstimateS v9 (http://purl.oclc.org/estimates) using Eq. 5 in
This study was possible through financial support from the research projects PAPIME-PE207210 and SEMARNAT-CONACyT108285, UNAM, México. Field work was possible thanks to Fernando Mex, Alfredo Gallardo and Quetzalli Hernandez. Thanks to Kate Quigley, Dr. Benjamin Victor, one annonimous reviewer and the editorial team of BDJ for all their comments that helped improve this manuscript.
S.Z.P. participated in the design of the study, in the collection of samples, in the identification of species, interpretation of the data, and in the writing of the manuscript; R.M.M. participated in the design of the study, in the collection of samples and identification of species; N.S. participated in the design of the study, collection of samples and assisted in the writing of the manuscript.
Information of the fish species found in Madagascar Reef that are present/absent in other Mexican Atlantic reefs
Species richness of coral reefs of the Gulf of Mexico and Mexican Caribbean. Species number by individual reefs and reef systems.