Type species Spilomicrus stigmaticalis Westwood, 1832, by original monotypy.

A detailed diagnosis of the genus was given by Masner (1991) and by Masner and García (2002) and, therefore, we only provide a short diagnosis including the most important features.

Medium-sized (1.5–4.5 mm long) melanic wasps. Head subglobose, with mouthparts in lateral view hypognathous; antenna 13-segmented, in females with clava more- or less abrupt, in males antenna thread-like, A4 modified in almost all species. Mesosoma moderately to distinctly wider than high; scutellum with 2 anterior pits and, in most species, with 2 lateral pits and row of smaller posterior pits along posterior margin; forewing with costal vein tubular to nebulous, submarginal vein tubular, marginal vein relatively short, postmarginal and stigmal veins rudimentary or absent; basal vein rarely tubular, in most species nebulous or absent; other veins, at most, nebulous or absent; legs slender to stout, with or without trochanters. Petiole cylindrical in most species; anterior margin of T2 straight, without median cleft or emargination (rarely with 2 lateral folds filled with pilosity); base of S2 arcuate, with moderate to strong cushion of pilosity.

The following part lists all the Spilomicrus species found within the framework of the GBOL III project. In comparison to the whole European Spilomicrus fauna, three species could not be recorded for Germany and are, therefore, not documented here: S. sanbornei Masner, 1991, S. cursor Kieffer, 1911 and S. latus Chemyreva, 2021. In addition to the morphology, we provide the barcoding information in the form of the BINs and, if necessary, genetic distances for closely-associated taxa. Illustrations are given for the newly-described taxa and the closest sister taxa for a better understanding of the morphological characters and differences. All other species have already been well described and illustrated in Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus abnormis Marshall, 1868 : 202.

Spilomicrus minimus Kieffer, 1911. Synonymised by Nixon (1980).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 1.

Czech Republic, Germany*, Hungary, Ireland, Korea, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Russia.

Spilomicrus annulicornis Kieffer, 1911 : 788.

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 2.

Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Russia (European part), United Kingdom.

Psilus antennatus Jurine, 1807 : 319.

Basalys californica Ashmead, 1893. Synonymised by Masner (1991).

Eriopria nigra Kieffer, 1910. Synonymised by Notton (2004).

Eriopria rufithorax Kieffer, 1910. Synonymised by Notton (2004).

Scutellipria quinquepunctata Szabo, 1961. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus simplex Tomsik, 1947 : 33, 34, 40. Syn. nov. Fig. 1B, D and E

Figure 1.  

Spilomicrus antennatus. A male lateral; B lectotype S. simplex lateral; C S. antennatus female lateral; D lectotype S. simplex dorsal E corresponding labels.

Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States.

What was already suspected by some researchers could be established using DNA barcoding of specimens of each sex (only one female was available, but numerous males). Our obtained sequences were too short to be included in the attached tree (Suppl. material 1), but a female specimen, collected at the Institute's garden in Munich was sequenced and stored in the framework of the Global Malaise trap project (project code GMGMW in BOLD) (Sones et al. 2023). The average genetic distance in between all examined specimens was 0.27%. The common Spilomicus simplex Tomsik, that was only described as a male (Fig. 1B, D and E) is a junior synonym of S. antennatus (Jurine), which was only described as a female (Fig. 1C).

Spilomicrus bipunctatus Kieffer, 1911 : 284, 289.

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 4.

Azerbaijan, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Russia (European part), Slovakia, Ukraine, United Kingdom.

Male. Body length 1.4 mm; forewings reaching far beyond apex of metasoma; antenna 0.9 times as long as body.

Head: black; in dorsal view 1.35 times as wide as long, as wide as mesosoma. Temples behind eyes gradually receding posteriorly. Tentorial pit tiny. Malar sulcus absent. Clypeus weakly convex, oval, 1.7 times as wide as high. Mandible reddish-brown, elongate, with upper tooth slightly shorter than lower tooth. Palpi yellow. Eye oval, with scattered long setae; 0.6 times as high as head and 3.8 times as high as malar space. Frons above base of toruli smooth. Postgenal cushion scanty (Fig. 2). Antennae: A1 slightly curved, smooth; its apical rim with small lamellae. A2 not compressed. A2–A13 brown, A13 1,3 times as long as A12. Antennomeres length to width ratios in lateral view as in Fig. 2C. Mesosoma: dark brown, as wide as high. Neck bare, with shallow longitudinal grooves. Pronotum with median area and pronotal corner pubescent, pronotal cushion dense; pronotal corner weakly prominent, rounded; lateral area of pronotum smooth, bare medially. Tegula brown, large. Mesoscutum convex, 1.2 times as wide as long. Humeral sulcus distinct and narrow. Scutellum slightly convex. Anterior scutellar pits large, circular, smooth inside, with narrow septum. Axillar depression finely pubescent and smooth. Lateral scutellar pit broad. Posterior scutellar pits distinct. Mesopleuron shining bare and smooth, with subalar ridge, longitudinal wrinkles postero-ventrally above middle coxa and sculpture around epicnemial pit. Epicnemial pit tiny, without pubescence inside. Sternaulus absent. Ventral side of mesopleuron scarcely pubescent. Metanotum pubescent, finely sculptured, with three weakly-projecting keels on metascutellum. Propodeum entirely pubescent and coarsely rugose. Median propodeal keel in lateral view projecting into high spine anteriorly (Fig. 2A). All legs slender, pale brown with separated trochantelli. Wings: Stigmal vein as long as width of marginal vein. Costa, basal and cubital veins sclerotised and weakly pigmented. Metasoma: Petiole 1.9 times as long as wide, cylindrical, entirely longitudinally grooved. Petiole pubescent ventrally and dorsally in anterior part. T2 2.8 times as long as petiole, mainly bare and smooth, with small bunch of setae laterally at anterior margin. T3–T5 sparsely pubescent with semi-erect long setae, smooth. T6 small, setose and bare. T7 tapered, setose. S3–S7 with scattered setae, smooth.

Figure 2.  

Male holotype Spilomicrus brevimalaris sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-33100-G04; BOLD:AEC2138). A lateral; B dorsal; C antenna.

Female. Body length 1.6–1.7 mm. Wings 0.9–1.0 times as long as the body. Pleurostomal distance 0.8 times as long as shortest distance between eyes (Fig. 3C). Malar distance 0.7 times as long as largest diameter of eye. Аntennae brown, clavate with abrupt 5-segmented clava, A13 without ventral pit, A4–A8 moniliform and slightly elongate, A10–A13 with distinct MGS brush ventrally. Scutellum transverse, 0.8 times as long as wide (measured without anterior scutellar pits) (Fig. 3B). Petiole elongate, 1.3–1.4 as long as wide. T2–T8 smooth. S3–S5 smooth. S6 smooth and densely setose. A more detailed description of the female is given by Chemyreva (2021). The females of S. brevimalaris sp. nov. were mistakenly described in Chemyreva (2021) as S. lusitanicus.

Figure 3.  

Female paratype Spilomicrus brevimalaris sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-33108-G09; BOLD:AEC2138). A lateral; B dorsal; C face frontal; D antenna.

Male. Body length 1.3–2.1 mm. Face without malar sulcus, pleurostomal distance slightly wider than shortest distance between eyes (Fig. 4B). Malar distance 0.20-0.25 times as long as largest diameter of eye. Front smooth. Аntennae brown, slender and long, with A5–A12 2.0–2.7 times as long as wide in dorsal view. A4 1.1–1.4 times as long as A3 and with keel and emargination reaching 0.55–0.60 of the segment length. Notauli extending to the half of mesoscutum length. Scutellum convex, as long as wide (measured without anterior scutellar pits) (Fig. 2B). Propodeum with weakly-arcuate emargination in dorsal view between plicae. Basal vein and distal part of CU dark and sclerotised. Marginal vein short, less than 1.5 times as long as wide. Petiole elongate, about 1.5–2.0 times as long as wide. T2 pubescent at the base. S8 setose and densely micropunctate.

Figure 4.  

Faces of the males. A Spilomicrus lusitanicus; B Spilomicrus brevimalaris sp. nov.; C Spilomicrus flavecorpus sp. nov.

The name of this species is a composite Latin masculine adjective derived from “brevis” and “malar” and refers to the short malar distance typical for the males of the new species.

Germany, Russia (European part). Further BIN records are online available for Italy and Norway. Probably further distributed around western Europe.

The male specimen was used in this case as a holotype, since there is no possibility to use females for the S. lusitanicus-species group (both species, S. brevimalaris sp. nov. and S. flavecorpus sp. nov., are very close to S. lusitanicus (Kieffer)). There are two reasons for that: 1) the female for the S. lusitanicus is unknown; 2) The most reliable feature to determine this species is the length of the malar space, but this feature does not work for the female determination.

The Russian material that was recorded by Chemyreva (2021) as (the closely related) S. lusitanicus actually belongs to S. brevimalaris sp. nov.

Spilomicrus compressus Thomson, 1859 : 369.

Spilomicrus carinatus Kieffer, 1911. Synonymised by Notton (2004).

Spilomicrus crassipes Kieffer, 1911. Synonymised by Notton (2004).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 5.

Belarus, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Russia (European part), Sweden, Ukraine, United Kingdom.

Spilomicrus crassiclavis Kieffer, 1911 : 788, 797.

Spilomicrus pelion Nixon, 1980. Synonymised by Notton (1999).

Illustrated in Notton (1999): figs. 2, 7–9, 17 and 19.

Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany*, Japan, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom.

Spilomicrus diversus Chemyreva, 2021 : 19.

Female. Face with malar sulcus visible in the form of shallow furrow. Malar distance 0.47 times as long as largest diameter of eye. Front behind scapus with two small holes (as in the male, Fig. 5 C). Head in dorsal view with temples receding behind eyes, as wide as mesosoma. Antennae (Fig. 6 D) with dark abrupt 5-segmented clava, A2–A8 pale brown, A13 narrower than A12, with pit ventrally; A11–A12 about 2.3 times as wide as A5. Notauli absent. Scutellum transverse. Sternaulus smoothed medially and weakly visible anteriorly and posteriorly. Posterior margin of propodeum without arcuate emargination in dorsal view between plicae. Petiole slightly to distinctly elongate. Base of T2 bare.

Figure 5.  

Male Spilomicrus diversus (ZSM-HYM-42367-C03; BOLD:ADF4749). A lateral; B dorsal; C head dorsofrontal, small oval holes marked with red arrow; D antenna.

Figure 6.  

Female Spilomicrus diversus (ZSM-HYM-42318-D01; BOLD:ADF4749). A lateral; B dorsal; C face; D antenna dorsal.

Male. Antennae filiform (Fig. 5D), in dorsal view A5–A12 more than twice as long as wide; A4 slightly longer than A3, with shallow excavation and keel running from base to 0.6 of the segment length. Petiole elongate, at least 1.5 times as long as wide.

Abkhazia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Germany*, Poland, Russia (European part: Samara Prov., Republic Adygea; Siberia: Krasnoyarskiy Terr.).

Based on new data on intraspecific variability of the Spilomicrus diversus and re-investigation of the type series, we conclude that some specimens should be excluded from the type series. The front sculpture of the specimens from the Far East of Russia (Primorskiy Terr. and Sakhalin Area) is significantly different from both S. diversus and S. politus sp. nov. and these specimens (paratypes) must be excluded from the type series.

Male. Body length 1.9 mm; forewings reaching far beyond apex of metasoma; antenna 0.8 times as long as body.

Head: brown; in dorsal view 1.05 times as wide as long, as wide as mesosoma. Temples behind eyes gradually receding posteriorly. Tentorial pit tiny. Malar sulcus absent. Clypeus weakly convex, oval, 1.85 times as wide as high. Mandible brown, elongate, with upper tooth shorter than lower tooth. Palpi yellow. Eye oval, with few scattered long setae; 0.4 times as high as head and 1.7 times as high as malar space. Frons above base of toruli smooth. Postgenal cushion scanty (Fig. 7A, B). Antennae: brown. A1 slightly curved, smooth; its apical rim with small lamellae. A2 not compressed. A13 1.4 times as long as A12. Antennomeres length to width ratios in lateral view as in Fig. 7A, C. Mesosoma: brown, 1.1 times as wide as high. Neck with few scattered setae and shallow longitudinal grooves. Pronotum with median area scarcely setose and pronotal corner densely pubescent, pronotal cushion dense; pronotal corner weakly prominent, rounded; lateral area of pronotum smooth, bare medially. Tegula brown, large. Mesoscutum convex, 1.25 times as wide as long. Humeral sulcus distinct and narrow. Scutellum slightly convex. Anterior scutellar pits large, circular, smooth inside, with narrow septum. Axillar depression finely pubescent and smooth. Lateral scutellar pit broad. Posterior scutellar pits small. Mesopleuron shining bare and smooth, with small depression next to epicnemial pit, subalar ridge below tegula and longitudinal wrinkles postero-ventrally above middle coxa. Epicnemial pit tiny, without pubescence inside. Sternaulus absent. Ventral side of mesopleuron scarcely pubescent. Metanotum pubescent, finely sculptured, with three weakly-projecting keels on metascutellum. Propodeum entirely pubescent and finally sculptured. Median propodeal keel in lateral view high raised anteriorly (Fig. 7A). All legs slender, pale brown with separated trochantelli. Wings: Stigmal vein as long as width of marginal vein. Costal, basal and cubital veins sclerotised and weakly pigmented. Metasoma: Petiole entirely pubescent. T2 4.5 times as long as petiole, mainly bare and smooth, with small bunch of setae laterally at anterior margin. T3–T5 sparsely pubescent with semi-erect long setae, smooth. T6 small, setose and bare. T7 tapered, setose. S3–S7 with scattered setae, smooth.

Figure 7.  

Male holotype Spilomicrus flavecorpus sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-33097-H02; BOLD: AAU9373). A lateral; B dorsal, head width and mesosoma width marked with arrows; C antenna.

Female. Body length 1.7–1.8 mm. Pleurostomal distance 0.74 times as long as shortest distance between eyes (Fig. 8C). Malar distance 0.73 times as long as largest diameter of eye (Fig. 8C). Аntennae brown, clavate with abrupt 5-segmented clava, A13 without ventral pit, A4–A8 moniliform and transverse, A10–A13 with distinct MGS brush ventrally (Fig. 8D). Petiole as long as wide. T2–T6 smooth. T7–T8 weakly punctured. S3–S5 smooth. S6 smooth and densely setose.

Figure 8.  

Female paratype Spilomicrus flavecorpus sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-42363-E04; BOLD: AAU9373). A lateral; B dorsal; C face frontal; D antenna.

Male. Face without malar sulcus, pleurostomal distance 0.9 times as wide as shortest distance between eyes (Fig. 4C). Malar distance 0.42 times as long as largest diameter of eye. Front smooth. Аntennae brown, filiform, with A5 1.3 and A12 1.6 times as long as wide in dorsal view. A4 1.1 times as long as A3 and with keel and emargination reaching to half of the segment (Fig. 7C). Notauli marked as short grooves posteriorly (Fig. 7B). Scutellum convex, as long as wide (measured without anterior scutellar pits) (Fig. 7B). Propodeum with weak emargination between plicae. Marginal vein 1.25 times as long as wide. Petiole slightly elongate, about 1.1 times as long as wide. T2 pubescent at the base. S8 setose and densely micropunctate.

The name of this species is a composite Latin masculine adjective derived from the adverb “flave” (yellowly) and “corpus” and refers to the colouration of the body.

Germany. Further BIN records are online available for Canada. Probably further distributed around the Palaearctic and Nearctic.

The reason for the selection of the holotype is analogous to that of S. brevimalaris sp. nov. (check Notes).

Spilomicrus flavipes Thomson, 1858: 369.

Spilomicrus szelenyii Szabo, 1977. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 8.

Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom.

Spilomicrus formosus Jansson, 1942 : 215.

Illustrated in Notton (1999): figs. 3, 4, 10–12, 18 and 20.

Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, United States.

Spilomicrus hemipterus Marshall, 1868 : 202.

Spilomicrus inaequalis Tomsik, 1941: 34, 38, 42. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021). Fig. 9A and B.

Figure 9.  

Female lectotypes. A Spilomicrus inaequalis dorsal; B corresponding labels; C Spilomicrus hemipterus dorsal; D corresponding labels.

Spilomicrus pedisequus Kieffer, 1916: 784, 787. Synonymised by Nixon (1980).

Malar sulcus partly developed, shallow; neck of prothorax bare anteriorly; pleurostomal distance distinctly shorter than distance between eyes in front view; temples behind eyes gradually receding posteriorly; male А4 with keel reaching 0.7 of the segment length, A4 0.65 times as long as A3, widened apically; antenna distinctly bicolorous with more abrupt clava; female A9 without or with weakly indicated MGS brush; A13 with distinct small pit ventrally; A13 in dorsal and lateral views narrower than A12; А9 distinctly narrower and shorter than А10; notauli present in the form of broad grooves posteriorly; sternaulus absent; wings reaching to one-fourth of metasoma length to distinctly beyond the apex of metasoma; female petiole elongate, about 1.2 times as long as wide.

Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Russia (European part), Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom.

Spilomicrus integer Thomson, 1859 : 369.

Spilomicrus major Vollenhoven, 1879. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 10.

Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (European part), Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine, United Kingdom.

Tritopria lusitanica Kieffer, 1910 : 749, male. Fig. 10E, G and H.

Figure 10.  

Male types. A holotype of Spilomicrus noctiger Szabó; B corresponding labels; D, F lectotype of Spilomicrus gracilicornis Kieffer (designated by Notton (2004)); C corresponding labels; E, H lectotype of Trichopria lusitanica Kieffer (designated by Chemyreva (2021)); G corresponding labels.

Spilomicrus gracilicornis Kieffer, 1911. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021). Fig. 10C, D and F.

Spilomicrus noctiger Szabo, 1977. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021). Fig. 10A and B.

Male. Body length 1.9–2.5 mm. Face without malar sulcus, pleurostomal distance slightly wider than shortest distance between eyes. Malar distance 0.45–0.55 times as long as largest diameter of eye. Front smooth. Аntennae dark brown, slender and long, with A5–A12 2.3–3.3 times as long as wide. A4 1.2–1.25 times as long as A3 and with keel and emargination reaching to 0.5–0.55 of the segment length (Fig. 11D). Notauli almost complete, but shallow anteriorly (Fig. 11B). Scutellum convex, 1–1.2 times as long as wide (measured without anterior scutellar pits). Propodeum with not deep emargination between plicae in dorsal view. Basal vein and distal part of CU dark and sclerotised. Marginal vein short, less than 1.5 times as long as wide. Petiole elongate, 1.7–1.8 times as long as wide. T2 pubescent at the base. S8 almost smooth, with few setae and very weak elongated wrinkles.

Figure 11.  

Male Spilomicrus lusitanicus (ZSM-HYM-42423-H01; BOLD:AEK2205). A lateral; B dorsal; C antenna lateral; D antenna dorsal.

Algeria, Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany*, Hungary, Italy*, Portugal, Russia (European part).

The most important features of this species, such as malar and pleurostomal distances cannot be examined in the lectotype of Tritopria lusitanica because the face of the type specimen is hidden in glue. However, secondary diagnostic characters (proportions of the remaining antennomeres, width of the head and proportions of the scutellum) lead us to believe that all type specimens belong to a single species and correspond with the examined material mentioned above under the name Spilomicrus lusitanicus. The females are unknown. The females described by Chemyreva (2021) belong to the S. brevimalaris sp. nov.

Spilomicrus modestus Tomsik, 1947 : 33, 39, 42.

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 13.

Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Russia (European part and East Siberia), Ukraine.

Spilomicrus nigriclavis Marshall, 1868 : 228.

Spilomicrus punctatus Kozlov, 1978 : 591, nom. praeocc., non Spilomicrus punctatus (Cameron, 1889).

Spilomicrus kozlovi Notton, 2014. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus nigriclavis var. armatus Kieffer, 1911 : 781, nom. praeocc., non Spilomicrus armatus (Ashmead, 1893).

Spilomicrus nigriclavis var. subarmatus Kieffer, 1912. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 14.

France, Germany, Netherlands, Russia (European part), Sweden, United Kingdom.

Female (holotype). Body length 1.8 mm; forewing extending far beyond apex of metasoma; antenna 0.68 times as long as body. Head: black, in dorsal 0.95 times as wide as metasoma. Tentorial pits absent. Clypeus weakly convex, 0.6 times as high as wide. Mandible dark brown, elongate, its upper tooth slightly shorter than lower tooth. Palpi yellow. Eye oval, with scattered long setae, 0.42 times as high as head and 1.9 times as high as malar space. Postgenal cushion dense. Antennae: A1 slightly curved, broadened apically, finely coriaceous; its apical rim simple. A2 not compressed. Apical half of A1 and A2–A8 dark brown, A9–A13 dark brown. Antenna A10–A13 with MGS brush, flattened on ventral side. A10–A12 as long as wide. A13 distinctly narrower than A12 and 1.1 times as long as A12. Antennomers length to width ratios in dorsal view as in Fig. 12A and D; A13 with small shallow ventral tip. Mesosoma: black, as wide as high. Neck bare, with longitudinal grooves. Pronotum with median area and pronotal corner pubescent, pronotal cushion dense; pronotal corner weakly prominent, rounded; lateral area of pronotum smooth and bare. Tegula dark brown, large. Mesopleuron smooth, shiny and bare, with subalar ridge. Sternaulus absent. Epicnemial pit tiny and bare inside. Ventral side of mesopleuron pubescent. Mesoscutum 1.25 times as wide as long, without notauli. Humeral sulcus distinct and narrow. Anterior scutellar pitscircular with short and low elongate keels posteriorly (Fig. 12B). Lateral scutellar pit broad. Posterior scutellar pits distinct. Metanotum sparse pubescent, coarsely sculptured, metascutellum with three low longitudinal keels. Propodeum pubescent and coarsely rugose, its posterior margin without arcuate emargination in dorsal view between plicae. Median propodeal keel projecting into high spine anteriorly. All legs slender, pale brown, with separated trochantelli. Wings: Marginal vein elongate, twice as long as its median width. Stigmal vein as wide as width of marginal vein. Costa and basal veins sclerotised, weakly pigmented. Metasoma: Petiole cylindrical, 1.3 times as long as wide, striate, weakly setose dorsally (with hirsute belt medially) and densely pubescent ventrally. T2 about 3.9–4.5 times as long as petiole, smooth and bare. T3–T6 and S3–S6 with few erect long setae, almost smooth (with small area of micropunctures medially). T5 weakly expanded laterally. T7 subtriangle, with long setae around spiracles. S6 pointed, more densely pubescent on the top.

Figure 12.  

Female holotype Spilomicrus politus sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-42456-C12; BOLD: ACZ2358). A lateral; B dorsal; C face; D antenna dorsal.

Male (BOLD: AER1505). Body length 1.6 mm. Similar to female, but differs by the following features: antenna filiform, A2–A13 brown, A1 dark brown (Fig. 13A, B and D); A4 with keel running from base to 0.7 of the segment; A4 as long as A3 and 1.2 times as long as A5; A5-A10 about twice as long as wide in dorsal view; malar space 0.47 times as long as pleurostomal distance and 0.54 times as long as largest diameter of eye; petiole twice as long as wide; T2 2.8 times as long as petiole. S8 densely micropunctate.

Figure 13.  

Male Spilomicrus politus sp. nov. (ZSM-HYM-42318-B01; BOLD:AER1505). A lateral; B dorsal; C head dorsal without holes, bare area marked with red arrow; D antenna.

The species closely resembles S. diversus Chemyreva, 2021 from which it can be distinguished by the combination of the following features: A11 and A12 2.7 times as wide as A5 (A11–A12 about 2.3 times as wide as A5 in S. diversus); the malar sulcus is totally absent (visible in the form of shallow furrow in S. diversus); frons above base of toruli smooth (Fig. 13C) (with two small round and shallow depressions in S. diversus).

The name of the new species is a Latin masculine adjective “politus” (smooth).

Estonia, Georgia (Republic of Abkhazia and Autonomous Republic of Adjara), Germany, Romania, Russia (European part).

The new species Spilomicrus politus sp. nov. was assigned two BINs, BOLD:ACZ2358 and BOLD:AER1505. It was not reliably possible to separate those two BINs into two morphologically sound species. The distance between those two BINs is 1.74%, whereas the distances to Spilomicrus diversus (BOLD:ADF4749) are 2.59% (BOLD:ACZ2358) and 3.12 % (BOLD:AER1505), the distance to S. modestus is 13.6%. The fact that both BINs of the S. politus sp. nov. differ in under 2% of the bases in their sequences leads to the suspicion that the specimens might just be one species.

Spilomicrus rufitarsis Kieffer, 1911 : 786.

Spilomicrus pseudocursor Szabo, 1974 : 497. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Illustrated in Chemyreva (2021): fig. 15.

Algeria, Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom.

Spilomicrus stigmaticalis Westwood, 1832 : 129, female.

Spilomicrus nigripes Thomson, 1859. Synonymised by Nixon (1980). Fig. 14.

Figure 14.  

Female lectotype of the Spilomicrus nigripes Thomson, 1858. A dorsal; B corresponding labels; C lateral.

Spilomicrus basalyformis Marshall, 1868. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus armatus Ashmead, 1893. Synonymised by Masner (1991).

Spilomicrus tripartitus Kieffer, 1911. Synonymised by Nixon (1980).

Spilomicrus pilicornis Szabo, 1977b. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus barbatus Szabo, 1983. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Spilomicrus mediofurcatus Szabo, 1983. Synonymised by Chemyreva (2021).

Algeria, Azerbaijan, Austria, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Russia (European part and Siberia), Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukranie, United Kingdom, United States.

Spilomicrus stigmaticalis is a fairly common, widely distributed species. The species contains two BINs, BOLD:ADS1706 and BOLD:ACU1243. Still, all sequences are clustered as one single taxon using the BOLD cluster analysis and the ASAP algorithm. Not only is the genetic distance between those BINs small (1.9%), they also show medium to high intraspecific variation of up to 2.2% (mean distance 0.6%). In addition to that, we were not able to distinguish both genetic clades morphologically in both sexes, not even using the genitalia. It was only possible to find identifying morphological characters to distinguish between the females. Due to the genetic and morphological proximity of both clades, we will keep them together as one species. A lectotype is designated for Spilomicrus nigripes Thomson, 1858 (Fig. 14).

Spilomicrus thomsoni Kieffer, 1911 : 787, 798.

Malar sulcus partly developed, shallow; neck of prothorax bare anteriorly; pleurostomal distance distinctly shorter than distance between eyes in front view; temples behind eyes gradually receding posteriorly; male А4 cylindrical, with keel reaching 0.55 of the segment length, A4 0.73–0.80 times as long as A3; antenna gradually darkened towards the top, with non-abrupt clava; female A9 with distinct MGS brush; A13 with small pit ventrally; A13 in dorsal and lateral views narrower than A12; А9 distinctly narrower and shorter than А10; notauli present in the form of broad grooves posteriorly; sternaulus absent; wings reaching to apex of metasoma to distinctly beyond it; female petiole elongate, about 1.2 times as long as wide. Lectotype illustrated in Fig. 15.

Figure 15.  

Female lectotype of Spilomicrus thomsoni. A dorsal; B corresponding labels; C broken off body parts.

Czech Republic (Tomsik 1947), Finland, Germany*, Moldova, Russia (European part), Sweden, Ukraine.

There are two BINs within Spilomicrus thomsoni, BOLD:ADF4747 and BOLD:ADX1651, which differ in only 0.1% from each other. Although the cluster methods of ASAP and BOLD separate the two clades and show very low intraspecific genetic variation, we could not tell them morphologically apart. Therefore, we will refer to them as being one species until further analyses might change that interpretation.

On the other hand, we can separate the Spilomicrus thomsoni taxon from S. hemipterus genetically and morphologically. This is why we removed S. thomsoni from synonymy with S. hemipterus.