Epeurysa distincta Huang & Ding, 1979: 178

Epeurysa infumata Yang & Yang, 1986: 47

Body length of male 3.8 mm (with tegmina). General colouration brown. Vertex very short, about two times wider than the length, lateral margins more or less divergent apically and also basally, carinae comparatively indistinct. Frons brown, width more than half the frons length, genae and clypeus brown. Pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate. Fore-wings transparent and light brown, the veins brown, distinctly tinged two dark brown spot in clavus and middle of apex portion; abdominal segments dark brown (Figs 1a, 2a).

a

b

c

d

Figure 1.

Photographs of habitus of Epeurysa spp. and Tropidocephala spp. (scale bars: 1 mm):

a: Epeurysa distincta, dorsal and lateral view;  
b: Epeurysa nawaii, dorsal and lateral view;  
c: Tropidocephala brunnipennis, dorsal and lateral view;  
d: Tropidocephala nigra, dorsal and lateral view.  

a

b

c

d

Figure 2.

Photographs of faces of Epeurysa spp. and Tropidocephala spp.:

a: Epeurysa distincta, face;  
b: Epeurysa nawaii, face;  
c: Tropidocephala brunnipennis, face;  
d: Tropidocephala nigra, face.  

Male genitalia. Pygofer much longer ventrally than dorsally, laterodorsal angles not produced ventrally, medioventral process two times longer than lateroventral processes, apically ovoid. Genital stylet strongly outwardly curved and divided into two branches in the middle. Anal segment with two small processes. Aedeagus with two branched, curved and both narrowing towards the apex (Figs 3a, 4a).

a

b

c

d

Figure 3.

Photographs of Pygofer of Epeurysa spp. and Tropidocephala spp. (scale bars: 0.2 mm):

a: Epeurysa distincta, ventral view;  
b: Epeurysa nawaii, ventral view;  
c: Tropidocephala brunnipennis, ventral view;  
d: Tropidocephala nigra, ventral view.  

a

b

c

d

Figure 4.

Photographs of aedeagus of Epeurysa spp. and Tropidocephala spp. (scale bars: 0.2 mm):

a: Epeurysa distincta, lateral view;  
b: Epeurysa nawaii, lateral view;  
c: Tropidocephala brunnipennis, lateral view;  
d: Tropidocephala nigra, lateral view.  

Measurements. Male macropterous form (n = 3). Body length without tegmina: 2.46 mm; body length with tegmina: 3.84 mm; body width: 0.94 mm; head length: 0.34 mm; head width (including eyes): 0.74 mm; 1^st antennal segment length: 0.06 mm; 2^nd antennal segment length: 0.16 mm; vertex length: 0.19 mm; vertex width: 0.34 mm; frons length: 0.44 mm; frons width: 0.35 mm; pronotum length: 0.24 mm; pronotum width: 0.76 mm; mesonotum length: 0.64 mm; mesonotum width: 0.70 mm.

This species is very similar to Epeurysa nawaii. However, it is distinguished by the strongly outwardly curved genital stylet and the brown fore-wing veins with darker sockets for the setae (Fig. 5).

a

b

Figure 5.

Photographs of parameres of Epeurysa distincta and Epeurysa nawaii (scale bars: 0.1 mm):

a: Epeurysa distincta, caudal view;  
b: Epeurysa nawaii, caudal view.  

Korea (new record), Japan (Fujinuma 2016), China (Hunan, Taiwan, Guizhou, Yunnan) (Ding 2006).

Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis Stapf ex Rendle. (Poaceae) (in this study).

Epeurysa nawaii Matsumura, 1900: 261

Eurysa nawaii Choe 1981: 21

Body length of male 3.8 mm. General colouration brown, dark form with wings darker at apical half. Vertex relatively short, base is longer than median length by about three times. Frons relatively wide and brown, frons at mid-line longer than wide, of widest part about 1.3:1. Genae and clypeus also brown. Pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate and brown. Fore-wings generally brown, sometimes darker brown tinges on wings. Abdominal segments dark brown (Figs 1b, 2b).

Male genitalia. Pygofer much longer ventrally than dorsally, laterodorsal angles not produced ventrally, medioventral process three times longer than lateral processes, apically ovoid. Genital stylet moderately long, with basal angles very strongly produced to mediocaudad, in caudal view about half as high as inner angle. Anal segment with spinal process, each developed as a convex triangular lobe. Aedeagus with two branched, one branch narrowing towards the apex, another one wider towards the apex (Figs 3b, 4b, Ding 2006).

Measurements. Male macropterous form (n = 3). Body length without tegmina: 2.40 mm; body length with tegmina: 3.84 mm; body width: 0.95 mm; head length: 0.40 mm; head width (including eyes): 0.77 mm; 1^st antennal segment length: 0.08 mm; 2^nd antennal segment length: 0.16 mm; vertex length: 0.16 mm; vertex width: 0.44 mm; frons length: 0.47 mm; frons width: 0.39 mm; pronotum length: 0.23 mm; pronotum width: 0.81 mm; mesonotum length: 0.69 mm; mesonotum width: 0.73 mm.

Korea, China (Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Fujinan, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan), Japan, Russia (Primorsky Region), Japan, Sri Lanka (Ding 2006).

Imperata cylindrica (Linn.) Raeusch (Poaceae) (in this study), Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb et Zucc (Poaceae) (Ding 2006).

Tropidocephala brunnipennis Signoret, 1860: 185

Description. Body length of male 3.1 mm. Body colour greenish-brown to dark brown, vertex and mesonotum greenish-yellow. Vertex length about as long as basal width, outer areas from mediolateral carinae pale brown; frons greenish to blackish towards clypeus and genae below eyes black. Clypeus tricarinate and black. Pronotum and mesonotum with pale brown carinae. Fore-wings mostly blackish with white spot on apical part and green spot on clavus part abdominal segments dark brown, pale yellow posteriorly (Figs 1c, 2c).

Male genitalia. Pygofer ovoid and posterior view with opening longer than broad. Genital stylet flattened, apical third about twice as broad at base, inner margin short processes towards inside, forked at apex. Anal style surpassing anterior margins of the long anal segment. Aedeagus two branched slender needle-shaped (Figs 3c, 4c).

Measurements. Male macropterous form (n = 3). Body length without tegmina: 2.06 mm; body length with tegmina: 3.09 mm; body width: 0.88 mm; head length: 0.47 mm; head width (including eyes): 0.52 mm; 1^st antennal segment length: 0.07 mm; 2^nd antennal segment length: 0.11 mm; vertex length: 0.30 mm; vertex width: 0.26 mm; frons length: 0.53 mm; frons width: 0.30 mm; pronotum length: 0.27 mm; pronotum width: 058 mm; mesonotum length: 0.61 mm; mesonotum width: 0.59 mm.

Korea, China (Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujinan, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichunan, Guizhou, Yunnan), Japan, India, Phillippines, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Australia, Madagascar, North Africa, southern Europe (Ding 2006).

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss (Poaceae) (in this study), Imperata cylindrica (Linn.) (Poaceae) (Ding 2006).

Conicoda nigra Matsumura, 1900: 261

Tropidocephala nigra Matsumura, 1907: 65

Body length of male 3.8 mm. In male, body mostly brownish-black or black, except lateral carinae and frons which are yellow. Vertex of length twice the basal width, lateral convergent anteriorly, lateral carinae yellow. Mediolateral carinae mostly black, except base and apex which are yellow. Frons yellow at the lower part, blackish at the upper part, genae below eyes brownish-black to yellow towards frons. Clypeus brown with brownish-black carinae. Pronotum and mesonotum tricarinate with yellow carinae. Fore-wings mostly black, distinctly tinged transparent spot at apex. Abdominal segments dark brown (Figs 1d, 2d).

Male genitalia. Pygofer ovoid and posterior view with opening longer than broad. Genital styles slender and waved, subglobose on the apex. Aedeagus two branched slender needle-shaped (Figs 3d, 4d).

Measurements. Male macropterous form (n = 3). Body length without tegmina: 2.24 mm; body length with tegmina: 3.81 mm; body width: 0.86 mm; head length: 0.71 mm; head width (including eyes): 0.51 mm; 1^st antennal segment length: 0.07 mm; 2^nd antennal segment length: 0.11 mm; vertex length: 0.57 mm; vertex width: 0.30 mm; frons length: 0.71 mm; frons width: 0.32 mm; pronotum length: 0.24 mm; pronotum width: 0.67 mm; mesonotum length: 0.56 mm; mesonotum width: 0.59 mm.

Korea, Japan, China (Anhui, Zhejiang) (Ding 2006).

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss (Poaceae) (in this study), Imperata cylindrica (Linn.) (Poaceae) (Ding 2006).