Biodiversity Data Journal : Taxonomy & Inventories
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Taxonomy & Inventories
A new Otacilia Thorell, 1897 species from Hubei Province, China (Araneae, Phrurolithidae)
expand article infoMinghao Guo‡, Yannan Mu§,|, Feng Zhang§,|
‡ Hebei Vocational University of Industry and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
§ Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding, China
Corresponding author: Feng Zhang (dudu06042001@163.com)
Academic editor: Yanfeng Tong
Received: 13 Sep 2024 | Accepted: 17 Oct 2024 | Published: 23 Oct 2024
© 2024 Minghao Guo, Yannan Mu, Feng Zhang
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Guo M, Mu Y, Zhang F (2024) A new Otacilia Thorell, 1897 species from Hubei Province, China (Araneae, Phrurolithidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e137014. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e137014
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5C60AD25-C894-498F-BA76-E93D2F0BFAC1
 Open Access

Abstract

Background

Phrurolithidae is a family of spiders with 405 species belonging to 25 genera distributed worldwide. Notably, 213 species belonging to 17 genera have been recorded in China.

New information

A new species of the genus Otacilia Thorell, 1897 is described from Duheyuan Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, China. Diagnosis, morphological description, living photos and photos of the habitus and genitalia of the new species are provided.

Introduction

Otacilia Thorell, 1897, the largest genus of family Phrurolithidae, contains 143 species and is distributed in East Asia and Southeast Asia; amongst them, 120 species were reported in China (Anonymous 2024). The species and studies of Otacilia have accelerated considerably during past decade and reduced the complexity of Otacilia by assigning species to newly-established genera (Liu et al. 2020, Zamani and Marusik 2020, Kamura 2021, Mu and Zhang 2021, Liu et al. 2022, Mu and Zhang 2022, Mu et al. 2022, Mu and Zhang 2023), which greatly promoted the study of Otacilia. Recently, O. khezu Lin & Li, 2024, a eyeless species collected from a cave was described, showing enormous potential for species diversity (Lin et al. 2024). While examining specimens collected from Duheyuan Nature Reserve, one new Otacilia species has been discovered and is described here: Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov.

Materials and methods

All measurements in the text are given in millimetres. The leg measurements are shown as total length (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). The epigynes were removed and cleared in a pancreatin solution (Álvarez-Padilla and Hormiga 2007) and then transferred to 95% ethanol. All specimens are preserved in 95% alcohol. Photographs were taken using the Leica M205A stereomicroscope, equipped with a DFC 550 CCD. All specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University (MHBU), Baoding, China.

The abbreviations of genital structures are listed under figure legends. The following abbreviations are used in text: AER—anterior eye row; ALE—anterior lateral eye; AME—anterior median eye; CH—clypeal height; CRW—cephalic region width; CW—carapace width; EAW—eye area width; MOA—median ocular area; PLE—posterior lateral eye; PME—posterior median eye; PER—posterior eye row. Spination: d—dorsal; pl—prolateral; pv—prolateral ventral; rv—retrolateral ventral.

Taxon treatment

Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov.

Materials   Download as CSV 
Holotype:
  1. scientificName:
    Otacilia subshanxi
    ; order:
    Araneae
    ; family:
    Phrurolithidae
    ; genus:
    Otacili
    ; country:
    China
    ; stateProvince:
    Hubei
    ; county:
    Zhushan
    ; locality:
    Shunshuiping Villag
    ; verbatimLatitude:
    31°33'7.1359″N
    ; verbatimLongitude:
    110°1'10.4883″E
    ; year:
    2023
    ; month:
    9
    ; day:
    19
    ; sex:
    male
    ; lifeStage:
    adult
    ; occurrenceID:
    E556732B-3666-537F-AB57-06D34F340423
Paratype:
  1. scientificName:
    Otacilia subshanxi
    ; order:
    Araneae
    ; family:
    Phrurolithidae
    ; genus:
    Otacili
    ; country:
    China
    ; stateProvince:
    Hubei
    ; county:
    Zhushan
    ; locality:
    Shunshuiping Village
    ; verbatimLatitude:
    31°33'7.1359″N
    ; verbatimLongitude:
    110°1'10.4883″E
    ; year:
    2023
    ; month:
    9
    ; day:
    19
    ; sex:
    1 male, 5 females
    ; lifeStage:
    adult
    ; occurrenceID:
    74251D57-B22A-59A7-B2A8-7AFE3F008FFE

Description

Male (Holotype): total length 3.04, carapace 1.50 long, 1.30 wide; abdomen 1.54 long, 1.03 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE–ALE 0.22, PME–PME 0.10, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.40, ALE–PLE 0.08. EAW 0.52, CRW 0.68, EAW/CRW 0.76, CRW/CW 0.52. MOA 0.26 long, anterior width 0.21, posterior width 0.27. CH 0.11, CH/AME 1.38. Labium 0.15 long, 0.22 wide. Sternum 0.87 long, 0.78 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 6.15 (1.57 + 0.55 + 1.81 + 1.48 + 0.74), Ⅱ 4.91 (1.30 + 0.51 + 1.27 + 1.15 + 0.68), Ⅲ 4.02 (1.08 + 0.45 + 0.80 + 1.07 + 0.62), Ⅳ 6.51 (1.78 + 0.54 + 1.53 + 1.80 + 0.86). Spination: femur I d 1 pl 4, femur Ⅱ d 1 pl 2, femur Ⅲ–Ⅳ d 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 7 rv 8, tibia Ⅱ pv 7 rv 6, metatarsus Ⅰpv 4 rv 4, metatarsus Ⅱ pv 4 rv 3.

Colouration (Fig. 1A, Fig. 2A and B). Carapace slightly brown, radial striae indistinct, with one black longitudinal stripe nearly same width as eye area. Abdomen grey, with small dorsal scutum darker than carapace, with black pattern beside dorsal scutum anteriorly and four black transverse stripes at posterior of abdomen. Legs yellow, with black annuli near ventral of tibiae I–Ⅳ tip.

Figure 1.  

Living photos of Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov.: A Male; B Female (photographs by Qianle Lu).

Figure 2.  

Habitus of Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov.: A Male holotype, dorsal view; B Same, ventral view; C Female paratype, dorsal view; D Same, ventral view.

Palp as in Fig. 3A–D. Femur with large, well-developed apophysis at middle part. Prolateral tibial apophysis distinct. Tibial nearly as long as wide. Retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) with wide base and narrow, tip blunt, base of retrolateral with a small tuber (Fig. 3D), a row of strong setae at base of RTA (Fig. 3B). Bulb pyriform, sperm duct distinct, tapering off close to embolus. Embolus wide, hook-like, blade-shaped. Conductor small, triangular, membranous.

Figure 3.  

Copulatory organs of Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov.: A Male left palp, prolateral view; B Same, retrolateral view; C Same, ventral view; D Same, dorsal view; E Epigyne, ventral view; F Same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: E—embolus; FA—femoral apophysis; PTA—prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; B—bursa; CO—copulatory opening; CD—copulatory duct; CT—connecting tube; FD—fertilisation duct; GA—glandular appendage; MS—median septum; S—spermathecae.

Female (Paratype): total length 3.52, carapace 1.52 long, 1.36 wide; abdomen 2.00 long, 1.22 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE–ALE 0.21, PME–PME 0.10, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.37, ALE–PLE 0. 06. EAW 0.48, CRW 0.69, EAW/CRW 0.69, CRW/CW 0.51. MOA 0.27 long, anterior width 0.19, posterior width 0.27. CH 0.09, CH/AME 1.00. Labium 0.15 long, 0.25 wide. Sternum 0.93 long, 0.79 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 6.00 (1.50 + 0.52 + 1.85 + 1.44 + 0.69), Ⅱ 4.93 (1.25 + 0.51 + 1.33 + 1.13 + 0.71), Ⅲ 4.29 (1.14 + 0.47 + 0.93 + 1.12 + 0.63), Ⅳ 6.32 (1.68 + 0.59 + 1.37 + 1.77 + 0.91). Spination:femur I d 1 pl 4, femur Ⅱ d 1 pl 3, femora Ⅲ–Ⅳ d 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 7 rv 8, tibia Ⅱ pv 7 rv 6, metatarsus Ⅰ pv 4 rv 4, metatarsus Ⅱ pv 4 rv 3. Other characters as in male, except dorsal scutum absent (Fig. 1B, Fig. 2C and D).

Epigyne as in Fig. 3E and F. Epigynal plate sclerotised, non-transparent, with two large atriums. Median septum wide, edge arched, widest at middle part. Copulatory openings located at middle part of atrium, separated by septum. Copulatory ducts short and thick, straight. Connecting tubes long and thin, curved. Bursae balloon-shaped, transparent. Spermathecae oval and small, bean-shaped. Fertilisation ducts short, located anteromesally on spermathecae.

Diagnosis

This new species resembles O. shanxi Mu & Zhang, 2021 in having a similar femoral apophysis, atrium, curved connecting tubes, but it can be recognised by: 1) the wide embolus (vs. thin, cf. Fig. 3C and fig. 7F in Mu and Zhang 2021), 2) the thin retrolateral tibial apophysis (vs. wide, cf. Fig. 3B and fig. 7G in Mu and Zhang (2021)) and 3) the thin median septum (vs. wide, cf. Fig. 3E and fig. 7F in Mu and Zhang (2021)).

Etymology

This species is named for its similarity to O. shanxi Mu & Zhang, 2021.

Distribution

Know only from the type locality (Fig. 4).

Figure 4.  

Distribution map of Otacilia subshanxi sp. nov. in this study (red circle).

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Drs. Luyu Wang and Xulong Chen (Southwest University, China) for collecting valuable specimens. Thanks to Mr Qianle Lu for providing living photos. Many thanks to two reviewers, Yejie Lin and KeKe Liu, for their valuable comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32170468) and by the Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program (Grant No. 2022FY202100).

References

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