The bee family Halictidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Central Asia collected by the Kyushu and Shimane Universities Expeditions

Ryuki Murao; Osamu Tadauchi; Ryoichi Miyanaga

doi:10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050

Biodiversity Data Journal : Taxonomic Paper

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Taxonomic Paper

The bee family Halictidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Central Asia collected by the Kyushu and Shimane Universities Expeditions

Ryuki Murao^‡, Osamu Tadauchi^§, Ryoichi Miyanaga^|

‡ Regional Environmental Planning Co., Ltd., Fukuoka, Japan

§ Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

| Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan

Corresponding author: Ryuki Murao (r.murao@mbr.nifty.com)

Academic editor: Matthew Yoder

Received: 13 Jul 2017 | Accepted: 09 Oct 2017 | Published: 20 Oct 2017

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Murao R, Tadauchi O, Miyanaga R (2017) The bee family Halictidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Central Asia collected by the Kyushu and Shimane Universities Expeditions. Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e15050. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050

Abstract

Background

Central Asia is one of the important centers of bee diversity in the Palearctic Region. However, there is insufficient information for many taxa in the central Asian bee fauna. The Kyushu and Shimane Universities (Japan) Expeditions to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China were conducted in the years 2000 to 2004 and 2012 to 2014.

New information

Eighty-eight species of the bee family Halictidae Thomson, 1869 are enumerated including new localities in central Asia. Halictus tibialis Walker, 1871, H. persephone Ebmer, 1976, Lasioglossum denislucum (Strand, 1909), L. griseolum (Morawitz, 1872), L. melanopus (Dalla Torre, 1896), L. nitidiusculum (Kirby, 1802), L. sexnotatulum (Nylander, 1852), L. subequestre (Blüthgen, 1931), L. sublaterale (Blüthgen, 1931), and L. zonulum (Smith, 1848) are recorded from central Asia for the first time. Thirty-two species are newly recorded from Kazakhstan, 19 spp. from Kyrgyzstan, 2 spp. from Uzbekistan, and 11 spp. from Xinjiang Uyghur of China. The genus Lasioglossum dominated the number of species and individuals in the collection. The halictid fauna mostly composed of western to central Asian elements in our surveyed area.

Keywords

Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae, Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Xinjiang Uyghur of China

Introduction

Central Asia is a warm-temperate arid region located in the central part of the Eurasia Continent. It is sometimes referred to as Turkestan. In modern contexts, Central Asia includes the countries such as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Bees are generally considered to have higher diversity in the warm-temperate arid region than those in the tropics (Michener 1979). According to Michener (2007), the bee fauna is particularly rich in the Mediterranean basin and thence eastward to Central Asia in the Palearctic Region.

In central Asia and the western part of China, we conducted field surveys from 2000 to 2004 and 2012 to 2014, for the purpose of both taxonomic and biological studies of central Asian bees (Tadauchi 2005). A total of approximately 30,000 bee specimens were collected through this central Asian expedition. The present paper is the eleventh one of the series treating the result of this expedition (Tadauchi et al. 2005; Tadauchi 2006, Tadauchi 2008; Miyanaga et al. 2006; Mitai and Tadauchi 2008; Kuhlmann 2009; Shebl and Tadauchi 2009; Williams 2011; Mitai 2012; Murao et al. 2015). In the present paper, we report the collection data of the family Halictidae Thomson, 1869 except for the cleptoparasitic genus Sphecodes Latreille, 1804, with new locality data. We also discuss the faunal features of central Asian halictid bees in our surveyed area.

Halictidae is the second largest group of bees, with approximately 4,400 recognized species worldwide (Ascher and Pickering 2017). This family is found on all continents except for Antarctica. Four subfamilies are recognized (Michener 2007): Rophitinae Schenck, 1866, Nomiinae Robertson, 1904, Nomioidinae Börner, 1919, and Halictinae Thomson, 1869. Both morphological and molecular data support the monophyly of these four subfamilies (Pesenko 1999; Danforth et al. 2004). Halictid bees nest in the soil or rarely in rotting wood. They have a diverse social structure such as solitary, communal, semisocial, and eusocial (e.g., Michener 1974; Schwarz et al. 2007). Several genera and species are cleptoparasites or social parasites in nests of halictid or other bees. Most halictid species are known to be host-plant generalists except for some host-plant specialist taxa (e.g., the subfamily Rophitinae and Lipotriches Gerstaecker, 1858). In the temperate area of the world, halictid bees are common, ofen dominating other bees in number of individuals and species (Michener 2007).

The halictid bees from central Asia are mainly recorded by the following various researchers: Astafurova (2004), Astafurova and Pesenko (2005), Blüthgen (1923c), Blüthgen (1923a), Blüthgen (1923b), Blüthgen (1924), Blüthgen (1925), Blüthgen (1929), Blüthgen (1931), Blüthgen (1933a), Blüthgen (1933b), Blüthgen (1934b), Blüthgen (1934a), Blüthgen (1936), Blüthgen (1955), Ebmer (1972), Ebmer (1980), Ebmer (1995), Handlirsch (1888), Mitai (2012), Morawitz (1876), Morawitz (1880), Morawitz (1893), Morawitz (1894), Pallas (1773), Pèrez (1903), Pesenko (1979), Pesenko (1983), Pesenko (1984a), Pesenko (1984b), Pesenko (1984c), Pesenko (1985), Pesenko (1986), Pesenko (2005b), Pesenko (2005a), Pesenko (2006), Pesenko and Astafurova (2006), Pesenko and Wu (1997), Popov (1934), Popov (1935), Popov (1949), Popov (1952), Popov (1956), Popov (1958), Radoszkowski (1893), Strand (1909), Vachal (1902), Warncke (1976), Wu (1985). According to the database of Ascher and Pickering (2017), 219 species are listed from central Asia: 107 spp. from Kazakhstan, 66 spp. from Kyrgyzstan, 85 spp. from Tajikistan, 96 spp. from Turkmenistan, and 76 spp. from Uzbekistan.

Materials and methods

The field survey was conducted in Kazakhstan (late May, 2000; late August to early September, 2002; late May to middle June, 2003; late April to late May, 2004), Kyrgyzstan (late May, 2000; middle to late August, 2003; early to late May, 2013; late August to early September, 2013; early to late June, 2014), Uzbekistan (late August to early September, 2012), and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China (late August, 2002). The collecting data and locality code are listed as follows:

China

CN1: East of Jeminay, alt. 1,080–1,300 m, Altay Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., N47°16'59.999", E86°00'59.999", 28. viii. 2002

CN2: Jeminay County, alt. 800–1,050 m, Altay Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 27. viii. 2002

CN3: Fukang, alt. 520 m, Changji Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 22. viii. 2002

CN4: Gaoquan, Kuitun city, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Urghur Aut. Reg., 26. viii. 2002

CN5: Guozigou, alt. 1,230 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 25. viii. 2002

CN6: Jinghe, alt. 540 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 24. viii. 2002

CN7: Kuitun City, alt. 530 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 24. viii. 2002

CN8: near Sayram Lake, alt. 1,970 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 25. viii. 2002 (Fig. 1a, b)

Figure 1.

Collecting sites.

a: CN8: near Sayram Lake, Ili Prov., China
b: CN8: near Sayram Lake, Ili Prov., China
c: KZ13: Big Almaty Lake, Almaty Prov., Kazakhstan
d: KZ37: Aksu Jabagly, South Kazakhstan Prov., Kazakhstan
e: KZ37: Aksu Jabagly, South Kazakhstan Prov., Kazakhstan
f: KZ38: Aksu valley, Jabagly, South Kazakhstan Prov., Kazakhstan

CN9: Northwest of Kuitun, alt. 450 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 26. viii. 2002

CN10: Qingshuihe, alt. 780 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 25. viii. 2002

CN11: West of Kuitun, alt. 560 m, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., N44°25'59.999", E83°57'59.999", 26. viii. 2002

CN12: Yining city, Ili Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 25. viii. 2002

CN13: Sugongta, Turpan Prov., Xinjiang Uyghur Aut. Reg., 23. viii. 2002

Kazakhstan

KZ1: Almaty city, 24. v. 2000, 29. v. 2000, 31. viii. 2002

KZ2: Botanical garden, Almaty, 25. v. 2003

KZ3: Degeres, alt. 850 m, Almaty, 28. v. 2000

KZ4: Fabrichini, alt. 850 m, Almaty, 26. v. 2000

KZ5: Kemertogan, Almaty, 26. v. 2000

KZ6: Koktobe, Almaty, 21. v. 2004

KZ7: Kurday, alt. 800–880 m, Almaty, 26–28. v. 2000

KZ8: Medew, Almaty, 24. v. 2000, 21. v. 2004

KZ9: National Museum, Almaty, 25. v. 2003

KZ10: Nogaibay, alt. 780 m, Almaty, 28. v. 2000

KZ11: Panpilof PK., Almaty, 25. v. 2000

KZ12: Uzenagash, Almaty, 28. v. 2000

KZ13: Big Almaty Lake, alt. 1,230–2,050 m, Almaty Prov., 31. viii–1. ix. 2002, 19. vi. 2003, 22. v. 2004, 28. viii. 2004 (Fig. 1c)

KZ14: Chilik riverside, East of Almaty, Almaty Prov., 2–3. ix. 2002

KZ15: East of Almaty, Almaty Prov., 2. ix. 2002

KZ16: Riverside Ili river, Northwest of Kapchagay, Almaty Prov., 18–19. v. 2004

KZ17: South of Almaty, alt. 1,580 m, Almaty Prov., 31. viii. 2002

KZ18: Akkol-Talas, Jambyl Prov., 14. v. 2004

KZ19: Alga, near Koradai, Jambyl Prov., 18. vi. 2003

KZ20: Berkaza Valley, 60km, Southwest of Karatau City, Jambyl Prov., 12. v. 2004

KZ21: East of Taraz, alt. 570–600 m, Jambyl Prov., N42°58'59.999", E73°24'59.999", 3. ix. 2002, 8. ix. 2002

KZ22: Jambyl Prov., alt. 703 m, N43°06'54.699", E74°42'22.299", 5. v. 2013

kZ23: Karatau City, alt. 600 m, Jambyl Prov., 13. v. 2004

KZ24: Karatau-Janatas, alt. 680 m, Jambyl Prov., 13. v. 2004

KZ25: Kenen, near Otar, Jambyl Prov., 20. viii. 2003

KZ26: Kordai, alt. 540–1,080 m, Jambyl Prov., 3. ix. 2002, 17. v. 2004, 27. viii. 2004

KZ27: Moyenkum-Chu, Jambyl Prov., 17. v. 2004

KZ28: Muyunkum-Kumozek, alt. 325 m, Muyunkum desert, Jambyl Prov., 16. v. 2004

KZ29: near Taraz, alt. 540–600 m, Jambyl Prov., 3. ix. 2002

KZ30: North of Janatas, alt. 420 m, Jambyl Prov., 13. v. 2004

KZ31: Northwest of Akkol, Muyunkum desert, Jambyl Prov., 14. v. 2004

KZ32: Northwest of Tatti, alt. 325–562 m, Muyunkum desert, Jambyl Prov., 15. v. 2004

KZ33: Riverside Chu river, Moyenkum, alt. 480 m, Jambyl Prov., 17. v. 2004

KZ34: South of Muyunkum, alt. 406 m, Muyunkum desert, Jambyl Prov., 15. v. 2004

KZ35: Achisai, alt. 500–700 m, Mts. Karatau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 3–6. vi. 2003

KZ36: Akbasutau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 10. vi. 2003

KZ37: Aksu Jabagly, alt. 1,080–1,830 m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1–3. v. 2004, 3. ix. 2002, 4. ix. 2002, 7. ix. 2002, 8. v. 2004, 11. v. 2004, 11. vi. 2003, 13. vi. 2003, 14. vi. 2003, 27. v. 2003, 28. v. 2003 (Fig. 1d, e)

KZ38: Aksu valley, Jabagly, alt. 130–560 m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 6. ix. 2002, 16. vi. 2003 (Fig. 1f)

KZ39: Baijansai, alt. 660–1,030 m, Mts. Karatau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 9. vi. 2003

KZ40: Boskhog village, alt. 226 m, North of Chordara, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1. v. 2004

KZ41: Chordara, alt. 200 m, West of Tashkent, South Kazakhstan Prov., 30. iv. 2004

KZ42: Daubaba, alt. 700–800 m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 13. vi. 2003

KZ43: East of Boroldy village, Mts. Karatau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 10. v. 2004

KZ44: East of Chimkent, alt. 570m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 30. v. 2003

KZ45: Eskara, East of Syrdarya river, South Kazakhstan Prov., 9. v. 2004

KZ46: Hot spring, West of Kamsomolskoe, Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1–3. v. 2004

KZ47: Janatas, South Kazakhstan Prov., 7. vi. 2003

KZ48: Jarekbas, near Shayan, South Kazakhstan Prov., 8–10. vi. 2003

KZ49: Kamsomolskoe, North of Chordara, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1. v. 2003, 1. v. 2004

KZ50: Kantagi, alt. 550–700 m, near Kentau, Mts. Karatau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1–2. vi. 2003

KZ51: Karaalma alt. 1,210 m, near Jabagly, South Kazakhstan Prov., 7. ix. 2002, 17. vi. 2003

KZ52: Karamola, Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., 6. v. 2004

KZ53: Kenestobe, near Shayan, South Kazakhstan Prov., 8. vi. 2003

KZ54: Kogam, alt. 250 m, near Otrar, South Kazakhstan Prov., 31. v. 2003

KZ55: Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., 2. v. 2004

KZ56: Lake Charbarinskoe, Chordara, alt. 180 m, West of Tashkent, South Kazakhstan Prov., 30. iv. 2004

KZ57: National border, Chernjaevka, South Kazakhstan Prov., 26. v. 2003

KZ58: North of Boroldy village, Mts. Karatau, South Kazakhstan Prov., 10. v. 2004

KZ59: North of Chimkent, alt. 400 m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 30. v. 2003

KZ60: Plain North of Karamola, Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., 4. v. 2004 (Fig. 2a)

Figure 2.

Collecting sites.

a: KZ60: Plain North of Karamola, Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., Kazakhstan
b: KG3: Ara Archa, Chuy Prov., Kyrgyzstan
c: KG5: Issyk-Ata, Chuy Prov., Kyrgyzstan
d: KG6: Koi Tash, Chuy Prov., Kyrgyzstan
e: KG29: near San Tash, Issyk-Kul Prov., Kyrgyzstan
f: KG39: Ak-Kiya, Naryn Prov., Kyrgyzstan

KZ61: Polevod, riverside Syrdarya river, South Kazakhstan Prov., 7–9. v. 2004

KZ62: Seslavino, alt. 960 m, Daubaba river, South Kazakhstan Prov., 11–13. vi. 2003

KZ63: Shayan-Birlik, South Kazakhstan Prov., 8. vi. 2003

KZ64: Sutkent village, North of Kamsomolskoe, South Kazakhstan Prov., 3. v. 2004

KZ65: Togusken, semi-desert, near Janatas, South Kazakhstan Prov., 7. vi. 2003

KZ66: Ulken-Kaindy, Jabagly, alt. 1,090–2,000 m, South Kazakhstan Prov., 4–5. ix. 2002, 15. vi. 2003

KZ67: West of Chimkent, South Kazakhstan Prov., 29. iv. 2004

KZ68: West of Kamsomolskoe, Kyzylkum desert, South Kazakhstan Prov., 1–2. v. 2004

KZ69: Nurly village, 3. ix. 2002

Kyrgyzstan

KG1: Bishkek City, 27–28. v. 2000

KG2: Kemin, alt. 1,000 m, near Bishkek, 23. viii. 2003

KG3: Ara Archa, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,700–2,152 m, N42°58'59.999", E73°24'59.999", 21. viii. 2003, 6. v. 2013, 22. v. 2013, 31. viii. 2013, 5. v. 2014, 5. vi. 2014, 21. vi. 2014 (Fig. 2b)

KG4: Don-Aryk, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,027 m, N42°44'29.199", E75°12'00.799", 23. vi. 2014

KG5: Issyk-Ata, Chuy Prov., alt. 950–1,875 m, N42°35'58.099", E74°54'24.599", 27. v. 2000, 22. viii. 2003, 14–15. v. 2013, 27. viii. 2013 (Fig. 2c)

KG6: Koi Tash, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,256–2,091 m, N42°41'16.899", E74°40'23.899", 23. v. 2013, 25. viii. 2013, 6. vi. 2014, 22. vi. 2014 (Fig. 2d)

KG7: Krasnaya Rechka, Chuy Prov., alt. 782–827 m, N42°51'27.099", E74°59'21.999", 13. v. 2013, 16. v. 2013

KG8: near Dzhar-Bashy, Chuy Prov., alt. 936m, N42°45'51.899", E75°00'22.099", 27. viii. 2013

KG9: near Issyk-Ata, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,167–1,339 m, N42°41'19.999", E75°03'06.899", 13. v. 2013

KG10: near Jany-Alysh, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,000–1,018 m, N42°49'15.899", E75°33'57.899", 28. viii. 2013, 1. ix. 2013

KG11: near Jil-Aryk, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,055 m, N42°45'22.199", E75°48'25.299", 1. ix. 2013

KG12: near Kageti, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,100–1,313 m, N42°42'41.999", E75°07'59.599", 23. vi. 2014

KG13: near Kemin, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,263–1,348 m, N42°41'20.999", E75°52'48.099", 17. v. 2013

KG14: near Tagetan National Park, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,515 m, N42°37'11.399", E75°08'11.199", 23. vi. 2014

KG15: Tagetan National Park, Chuy Prov., alt. 1,756 m, N42°33'53.999", E75°07'13.999", 23. vi. 2014

KG16: Aksuu, alt. 2,000 m, near Karakol, East of Lake Issyk-Kul, Issyk-Kul Prov., 25. viii. 2004

KG17: Arashan, alt. 1,850–1,900 m, near Karakol, East of Lake Issyk-Kul, Issyk-Kul Prov., 25. viii. 2004

KG18: Barskoon, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,864 m, N42°07'12.399", E77°35'11.599", 10. v. 2013

KG19: Chon Ak Suu, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,700–1,991 m, N42°46'06.199", E77°28'30.199", 8. v. 2013, 21. v. 2013, 24. viii. 2004, 28. viii. 2013

KG20: Jele Tobe, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,730 m, N42°26'53.199", E78°12'31.999", 17. vi. 2014

KG21: Jeti Oguz, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 2,048 m, N42°04'41.999", E77°35'43.699", 17. vi. 2014

KG22: Konstanchinofuka, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,784 m, N42°32'38.499", E78°39'44.699", 18. vi. 2014, 18. ix. 2014

KG23: near Balykchy, Issyk- Kul Prov., alt. 1,754 m, N42°20'31.299", E76°05'00.899", 20. v. 2013

KG24: near Balykchy, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,632m, N42°29'25.099", E76°22'18.399", 7. v. 2013

KG25: near Barskoon, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 2,048 m, N42°04'41.999", E77°35'43.699", 17. vi. 2014

KG26: near Barskoon, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 2,387m, N41°59'47.699", E77°37'18.399", 10. v. 2013

KG27: near Bokonbayevo, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,798–1,841 m, N42°08'20.599", E77°00'59.999", 11. v. 2013

KG28: near Chychkan, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,656 m, N42°17'29.399", E77°49'18.399", 19. vi. 2014

KG29: near San Tash, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,862 m, N42°44'24.900", E78°48'24.599", 9. v. 2013 (Fig. 2e)

KG30: near Semenovskoye, National Park., Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,818–1,860 m, N42°44'46.799", E77°32'43.599", 29. viii. 2013

KG31: near Tilekmat, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,707 m, N42°24'34.799", E78°06'53.899", 17. vi. 2014

KG32: Novovoznesenovka, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,798 m, N42°36'20.299", E78°46'44.299", 18. vi. 2014

KG33: Semenovka, alt. 1,700 m, North of Lake Issyk-Kul, Issyk-Kul Prov., 24. viii. 2004

KG34: Skiing ground, Karakol, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 2,240 m, N42°36'20.299", E78°46'44.299", 16. vi. 2014

KG35: Teploklyuchenka, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,802 m, N42°30'07.799", E78°30'17.599", 18. vi. 2014

KG36: Tilekmat, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,698 m, N42°25'44.499", E78°09'14.699", 17. vi. 2014

KG37: Tongu, Issky-Kul Prov., alt. 1,677 m, N42°08'52.899", E77°01'48.499", 19. vi. 2014

KG38: West of Kaji-Say, Issyk-Kul Prov., alt. 1,619 m, N42°09'26.299", E77°07'08.599", 19. vi. 2014

KG39: Ak-Kiya, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,850–1,879 m, N42°11'08.699", E75°42'26.499", 15. vi. 2014 (Fig. 2f)

KG40: Ak-Tal, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,635 m, N41°25'13.499", E75°01'58.299", 12. vi. 2014

KG41: Doron Pass, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,887 m, N41°49'59.499", E75°45'36.099", 15. vi. 2014

KG42: East of Naryn, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,280–2,333 m, N41°27'14.499", E76°21'33.199", 9. vi. 2014

KG43: Jangy-Talap, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,710–1,989 m, N42°32'55.599", E75°01'47.599", 12. vi. 2014, 14. vi. 2014

KG44: Kala Bulung, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,288 m, N41°05'02.499", E75°33'48.199", 13. vi. 2014

KG45: Kara-Suu, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,101–2,153 m, N41°07'58.899", E75°40'36.199", 2. ix. 2013, 13. vi. 2014

KG46: Kochikoru, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,849 m, N42°12'24.699", E75°47'07.399", 7. vi. 2014

KG47: Moldo-Ashuu Pass, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,218–2,947 m, N41°39'52.499", E75°01'27.799", 4. ix. 2013, 10–11. vi. 2014 (Fig. 3a)

Figure 3.

Collecting sites.

a: KG47: Moldo-Ashuu Pass, Naryn Prov.
b: KG49: Naryn, Naryn Prov.
c: KG52: West of Naryn, Naryn Prov.
d: UZ1: Aydar Lake, Uzbekistan
e: UZ3: Dalla Hovli, Northeast of Chirchik, Uzbekistan
f: UZ7: Gushrabot, South of Aydar Lake, Uzbekistan

KG48: Naryn, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,991–2,008 m, N41°25'58.099", E75°52'28.599", 19. v. 2013

KG49: Naryn, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,153–2,280 m, N41°26'52.099", E76°16'32.599", 18. v. 2013 (Fig. 3b)

KG50: near Alysh Park, Naryn Porv., alt. 2,227 m, N41°26'50.599", E76°15'09.599", 9. vi. 2014

KG51: near At-Bashi, Naryn Prov., alt. 2,117 m, N41°11'43.399", E75°49'38.099", 13. vi. 2014

KG52: West of Naryn, Naryn Prov., alt. 1,736–1,742 m, N41°23'42.999", E75°10'02.699", 12. vi. 2014 (Fig. 3c)

KG53: Krasnayarichika, alt. 800 m, 27. v. 2000

Uzbekistan

UZ1: Aydar Lake, 28. viii. 2012 (Fig. 3d)

UZ2: Botanical Garden, Tashkent, 1–4. ix. 2012

UZ3: Dalla Hovli, Northeast of Chirchik, 2. ix. 2012 (Fig. 3e)

UZ4: Dalla Hovli, West of Parkent, 1. ix. 2012

UZ5: Gijduvon, North of Bukhara, 28. viii. 2012

UZ6: Golbog, West of Parkent, 1. ix. 2012

UZ7: Gushrabot, South of Aydar Lake, 29. viii. 2012 (Fig. 3f)

UZ8: Madaniyat village, East of Samarkand, 31. viii. 2012 (Fig. 4a)

Figure 4.

Collecting sites.

a: UZ8: Madaniyat village, East of Samarkand, Uzbekistan
b: UZ12: South of Aydar Lake, Uzbekistan
c: UZ13: Samarkand～Tashkent, Uzbekistan
d: UZ15: Southwest of Yangiyo'l, South of Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Figure 5.

Lateral habitus of central Asian halictine bees.

a: Dufourea paradoxa atrocoerulea (Morawitz, 1876)
b: Rophites (Rophitoides) canus Eversmann, 1852
c: Systropha (Systropha) curvicornis (Scopoli, 1770)
d: Pseudapis (Nomiapis) diversipes (Latreille, 1806)

UZ9: Nurota, South of Aydar Lake, 29. viii. 2012

UZ10: Parkent, 1. ix. 2012

UZ11: Qorodaro river side, Samarkand, 30. viii. 2012

UZ12: South of Aydar Lake, 29. viii. 2012 (Fig. 4b)

UZ13: Samarkand～Tashkent, 1. ix. 2012 (Fig. 4c)

UZ14: Sardoba, West of Guliston, 31. viii. 2012

UZ15: Southwest of Yangiyo'l, South of Tashkent, 3. ix. 2012 (Fig. 4d)

All specimens are preserved in the Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. The specimens data are also accessible from Tadauchi and Murao (2009).

Identification of halictid bee specimens is based on the collection both Biologiezentrum/Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum (Linz, Austria) and Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia), and the following keys: Astafurova and Pesenko (2005), Pesenko (2005b), Pesenko (2005c), Pesenko (2006), and Pesenko and Astafurova (2006).

Information on distribution for each species in the present paper is based on Astafurova and Pesenko (2005), Ebmer (1995), Ebmer (1997), Ebmer (2005), Ebmer and Sakagami (1985), Niu et al. (2005), Niu et al. (2007), Pesenko (2005b), Pesenko (2005a), Pesenko (2006), Pesenko and Astafurova (2006), Pesenko and Wu (1997), Pesenko et al. (2000), and Ascher and Pickering (2017).

A list of halictid species collected by Central Asian Expeditions

Palearctic to the northern Oriental Region. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in central Asia.

Notes:

Asteraceae sp., Gentianaceae sp., Mentha asiatica, Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp.

Distribution:

Middle East to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenista, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Halictus (Halictus) quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776)

Host of:

Achillea sp., Asteraceae sp., Brassica sp., Cirsium sp., Fabaceae sp., Rosaceae sp., Trifolium repens, Vicia villosa.

Distribution:

Europe to eastern Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Halictus (Hexataenites) resurgens Nurse, 1903

Host of:

Achillea biebersteinii, Achillea sp., Aster canescens, Asteraceae sp., Brassica sp., Breea setosa, Chondrilla sp., Chrysanthemum sp., Cichorium intybus, Cirsium sp., Dahlia sp., Geraniaceae sp., Lamiaceae sp., Mentha asiatica, Origanum tyttanthum, Papaver pavoninum, Rosa kokanica, Sysimbrium sp., Tagetes sp., Tamarix ramosissima, Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp., Trifolium repens.

Distribution:

Distribution:

Western to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Turkmenistan and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kyrgyzstan.

Halictus (Placidohalictus) bulbiceps Blüthgen, 1929

Host of:

Tamarix sp.

Distribution:

Central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan.

Notes:

New record for Xinjiang Uyghur of Chia.

Halictus (Placidohalictus) fuscicollis Morawitz, 1876

Distribution:

Middle East to central Asia (Turkestan).

Notes:

New record for Xinjiang Uyghur of China.

Halictus (Platyhalictus) alfkenellus subsp. cedens Blüthgen, 1931

Host of:

Brassica sp., Vicia villosa.

Distribution:

Europe to central Asia. This subspecies has been recorded from Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kyrgyzstan.

Halictus (Platyhalictus) minor Morawitz, 1876

Host of:

Aster canescens, Cichorium intybus, Cirsium sp., Cruciferae sp., Ferula tenuisecta, Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens, Mentha asiatica, Serophularia sp., Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp.

Distribution:

Western to eastern Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenista, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Halictus (Platyhalictus) takuiricus Blüthgen, 1936

Host of:

Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens.

Distribution:

Middle East to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenista, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Halictus (Protohalictus) bucharicus Blüthgen, 1936

Host of:

Ferula tenuisecta.

Distribution:

Central Asia (Kazakhstan and Tajikistan).

Halictus (Protohalictus) rubicundus (Christ, 1791)

Host of:

Distribution:

Eastern Asia.

Notes:

New record for central Asia (Kazakhstan).

Halictus (Tytthalictus) maculatus subsp. maculatus Smith, 1848

Host of:

Brassica sp., Convolvulaceae sp.

Distribution:

Europe to eastern Siberia. The nominotypical subspecies has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kyrgyzstan.

Halictus (Tytthalictus) palustris Morawitz, 1876

Host of:

Achillea sp., Allium sativum, Aster canescens, Asteraceae sp., Brassica sp., Cichorium intybus, Cirsium sp., Ferula tenuisecta, Labiatae sp., Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens, Mentha asiatica, Potentilla sp., Rosaceae sp., Taraxacum sp. Umbelliferae sp.

Distribution:

Central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China.

Halictus (Vestitohalictus) nasica Morawitz, 1876

Host of:

Tamarix sp.

Distribution:

North Africa to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Turkmenistan in central Asia.

Notes:

Distribution:

Western to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kyrgyzstan in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kazakhstan.

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) smeathmanellum (Kirby, 1802)

Host of:

Mentha asiatica, Taraxacum sp.

Distribution:

Europe.

Notes:

New record for central Asia (Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan).

Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) buccale (Pérez, 1903)

Host of:

Chondrilla sp.

Distribution:

Europe to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kygyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan in central Asia.

Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) ciscapum (Blüthgen, 1931)

Distribution:

Distribution:

Western to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan in central Asia.

Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) popovi (Blütkahgen, 1931)

Distribution:

Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan).

Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) pseudonigripes (Blüthgen, 1934)

Host of:

Apiaceae sp., Boraginaceae sp., Brassica sp., Brassicaceae sp., Fabaceae sp., Rosaceae sp., Spiraea sp., Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp.

Distribution:

Western to eastern Asia. This species has been recorded from Kyrgyzstan in central Asia.

Notes:

Distribution:

Southern Asia.

Notes:

New record for central Asia (Kazakhstan).

Lasiolglossum (Lasioglossum) verae Pesenko, 1986

Host of:

Asteraceae sp., Melilotus suaveolens.

Distribution:

Central Asia (Kazakhstan).

Notes:

New record for Xinjiang Uyghur of China.

Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) xanthopus (Kirby, 1802)

Host of:

Achillea biebersteinii, Achillea sp., Aconitum sp., Brassica sp., Brassicaceae sp., Cirsium sp., Eremurus cristatus, Ferula tenuisecta, Ixioliron tataricum, Leguminosae sp., Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens, Potentilla sp., Rosa kokanica, Rosaceae sp., Taraxacum sp., Trifolium pretense, Trifolium repens, Vicia villosa.

Distribution:

Europe, north Africa to eastern Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in central Asia.

Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) discum (Smith, 1853)

Host of:

Achillea biebersteinii, Achillea sp., Asteraceae sp., Brassica juncea, Brassica sp., Brassicaceae sp., Chondrilla sp., Chrysanthemum sp., Cichorium intybus, Cirsium sp., Cruciferae sp., Dahlia sp., Ferula tenuisecta, Halimodendron holodendron, Lamiaceae sp., Leguminosae sp., Melilotus officinalis subsp. suaveolens, Mentha asiatica, Tamarix sp., Trifolium repens, Umbelliferae sp., Vicia villosa.

Distribution:

Europe, north Africa to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) leucozonium (Schrank, 1781)

Host of:

Achillea sp., Apiaceae sp., Asteraceae sp., Brassica sp., Brassicaceae sp., Chondrilla sp., Cichorium intybus, Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp., Trifolium repens.

Distribution:

Holarctic. This species has been recorded from Kyrgyastan and Uzbekistan in central Asia.

Notes:

Host of:

Aster canescens, Asteraceae sp., Brassica sp., Brassicaceae sp., Chondrilla sp., Cicerbita azurea, Cichorium intybus, Cirsium sp., Crataegus sp., Fabaceae sp., Mentha asiatica, Origanum tyttanthum, Potentilla sp., Ranunculaceae sp., Salix sp., Spiraea sp., Tamarix sp., Taraxacum sp., Trifolium repens, Vicia villosa.

Distribution:

Europe to eastern Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Xinjiang Uyghur of China in central Asia.

Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) cingulatum (Morawitz, 1876)

Host of:

Brassica sp., Leguminosae sp., Umbelliferae sp.

Distribution:

Central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kyrgyzstan.

Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) hyalinipenne (Morawitz, 1876)

Host of:

Cruciferae sp., Spiraea sp., Taraxacum sp.

Distribution:

Middle East to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan in central Asia.

Notes:

New record for Kazakhstan.

Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) obscuratum (Morawitz, 1876)

Host of:

Aster canescens, Brassica juncea, Chondrilla sp., Mentha asiatica, Rosa kokanica, Taraxacum sp.

Discussion

A total of 88 species belonging to eight genera in four subfamilies were collected during our survey. We found 10 new records for Central Asia, 32 new records for Kazakhstan, 19 new records for Kyrgyzstan, two new records for Uzbekistan, and 11 new records for Xinjiang Uyghur of China. The subfamily Halictinae dominated the bee fauna both in the number of species (78 / 88 spp.) and individuals (15968 / 16384 exs.) (Table 1; Suppl. material 1). Particularly, the genus Lasioglossum was the most common group (50 / 88 spp.; 13220 / 16384 exs.). This genus is known to dominate both in the number of species and individuals in warm-temparate regions (Sakagami and Fukuda 1973; Maeta et al. 2003). This tendency is similar in our surveyed area of central Asia.

Table 1.

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List of halictid bee species collected by Central Asian Expedition during 2000 to 2004 and 2012 to 2014.

Subfamily	Species	Country				Total
Subfamily	Species	Xinjiang Uyghur of China	Kazakhstan	Kyrgyzstan	Uzbekistan	Total
Rophitinae	Dufourea paradoxa atrocoerulea		2			2
Rophitinae	Rophites (Rophitoides) canus			13		13
Rophitinae	Systropha (Systropha) curvicornis	2				2
Nomiinae	Pseudapis (Nomiapis) diversipes	5	44	17	11	77
Nomiinae	Pseudapis (Nomiapis) femoralis	1		5		6
Nomiinae	Pseudapis (Nomiapis) fugax	11			21	32
Nomioidinae	Ceylalictus (Ceylalictus) variegatus	4	44	2	14	64
Nomioidinae	Nomioides gussakouskiji	7	3			10
Nomioidinae	Nomioides ino	7				7
Nomioidinae	Nomioides minutissimus minutissimus	187	4	9	3	203
Halictinae	Halictus (Argalictus) senilis	3	50			53
Halictinae	Halictus (Argalictus) tibialis		2			2
Halictinae	Halictus (Halictus) brunnescens	17	486	14	6	523
Halictinae	Halictus (Halictus) duplocinctus		19	1		20
Halictinae	Halictus (Halictus) quadricinctus	4	6	44		54
Halictinae	Halictus (Hexataenites) resurgens	1	167	9	51	228
Halictinae	Halictus (Monilapis) compressus transvolgensis	1	201	159		361
Halictinae	Halictus (Mucoreohalictus) indefinitus	1	21			22
Halictinae	Halictus (Mucoreohalictus) mucidus		133			133
Halictinae	Halictus (Mucoreohalictus) mucoreus	4	217	83	2	306
Halictinae	Halictus (Mucoreohalictus) pollinosus cariniventris	1	3			4
Halictinae	Halictus (Mucoreohalictus) pseudomucoreus			1		1
Halictinae	Halictus (Placidohalictus) bulbiceps	2				2
Halictinae	Halictus (Placidohalictus) fuscicollis	1				1
Halictinae	Halictus (Platyhalictus) alfkenellus cedens			2		2
Halictinae	Halictus (Platyhalictus) minor		74	1		75
Halictinae	Halictus (Platyhalictus) takuiricus			2		2
Halictinae	Halictus (Protohalictus) bucharicus		31			31
Halictinae	Halictus (Protohalictus) rubicundus		1	7		8
Halictinae	Halictus (Seladonia) leucaheneus leucaheneus	1	4			5
Halictinae	Halictus (Seladonia) pjalmensis pjalmensis	2	305	45		352
Halictinae	Halictus (Seladonia) seladonius		137	63		200
Halictinae	Halictus (Seladonia) transbaikalensis		2			2
Halictinae	Halictus (Tytthalictus) maculatus maculatus			2		2
Halictinae	Halictus (Tytthalictus) palustris	4	65	117		186
Halictinae	Halictus (Vestitohalictus) nasica		11			11
Halictinae	Halictus (Vestitohalictus) persephone		2			2
Halictinae	Halictus (Vestitohalictus) pulvereus	144	16			160
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Dialictus) alanum		9	1		10
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Dialictus) fedtschenkoi		4			4
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Dialictus) smeathmanellum		6	1		7
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) buccale		3			3
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) ciscapum		4			4
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) clypeare		1			1
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) clypeiferellum		78	7		85
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) croceipes		141	1		142
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) denislucum		4	4		8
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) griseolum		4	1		5
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) laevinode		28			28
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) limbellum limbellum		4			4
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) longirostre		32	15		47
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) lucidulum			20		20
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) matianense pluto		54	170		224
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) melanopus		2	28		30
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) nitidiusculum		1			1
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) persicum		2			2
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) popovi		11			11
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) pseudonigripes		81	92		173
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) subaenescens asiaticum		26	1		27
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) tschardschuicum		1			1
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Hemihalictus) villosulum		2			2
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) acephalum		16			16
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) costulatum		25	1		26
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) equestre		42	14		56
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) fulvitarse		2	34		36
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) lebedevi		1			1
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) quadrinotatiforme		217	5		222
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sexnotatulum			21		21
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) subequestre		22			22
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) sublaterale		2			2
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) verae	2				2
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) xanthopus		204	74		278
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) discum	1	155	44	18	218
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) leucozonium	5	42	15	1	63
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) niveocinctum	2				2
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) scutellare	2	82	1		85
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Leuchalictus) zonulum		7			7
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) albipes albipes		7	2		9
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) aprilinum	1	205			206
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) calceatum	3	132	394		529
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) cingulatum		7	1		8
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) hyalinipennis		15	79		94
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) obscuratum		30	1		31
Halictinae	Lasioglossum (Sphecodogastra) rhynchites		34	115		149
Halictinae	Lasioglossum kozlovi	9				9
Halictinae	Lasioglossum mandibulare	1	30			31
Halictinae	Lasioglossum marginatum		9799	458		10257
Halictinae	Lasioglossum salinaecola		1			1
Total	88 spp.	436	13625	2196	127	16384

Based on Pesenko et al. (2000), the relative abundance of halictid bees in our surveyed area are shown as follows.

1) Common and mass species (over 1,800 exs.), 1 sp.: Lasioglossum marginatum (10,257 exs.).

2) Common species (251–1,800 exs.), 6 spp.: Halictus brunnescens, H. compressus transvolgensis, H. mucoreus, H. pjalmensis pjalmensis (Fig. 6c), Lasioglossum calceatum, and L. xanthopus.

Figure 6.

Lateral habitus of central Asian halictine bees.

a: Ceylalictus (Ceylalictus) variegatus (Olivier, 1789)
b: Nomioides minutissimus minutissimus (Rossi, 1790)
c: Halictus (Seladonia) pjalmensis pjalmensis Strand, 1909
d: Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) costulatum (Kriechbaumer, 1873).

3) Relatively common species (41–250 exs.), 24 spp.: Pseudapis diversipes (Fig. 5d), Ceylalictus variegatus (Fig. 6a), Nomioides minutissimus minutissimus (Fig. 6b), Halictus mucidus, H. minor, H. palustris, H. pulvereus, H. quadricinctus, H. resurgens, H. seladonius, H. senilis, Lasioglossum aprilinum, L. clypeiferellum, L. croceipes, L. discum, L. equestre, L. hyalinipennis, L. leucozonium, L. longirostre, L. matianense pluto, L. pseudonigripes, L. quadrinotatiforme, L. rhynchites, and L. scutellare.

4) Relatively rare and uncommon species (8–40 exs.), 25 spp.: Rophites canus (Fig. 5b), Pseudapis fugax, Nomioides gussakouskiji, Halictus bucharicus, H. duplocinctus, H. indefinitus, H. nasica, H. rubicundus, Lasioglossum acephalum, L. alanum, L. albipes albipes, L. cingulatum, L. costulatum (Fig. 6d), L. denislucum, L. fulvitarse, L. kozlovi, L. laevinode, L. lucidulum, L. mandibulare, L. melanopus, L. obscuratm, L. popovi, L. sexnotatulum, L. subaenescens asiaticum, and L. subequestre.

5) Rare species (1–7 exs.), 32 spp.: Dufourea paradoxa atrocoerulea (Fig. 5a), Systropha curvicornis (Fig. 5c), Pseudapis femoralis, Nomioides ino, Halictus alfkenellus cedens, H. bulbiceps, H. fuscicollis, H. leucaheneus leucaheneus, H. maculatus maculatus, H. persephone, H. pollinosa cariniventris, H. pseudomucoreus, H. takuiricus, H. tibialis, H. transbaikalensis, Lasioglossum buccale, L. ciscapum, L. clypeale, L. fedtschenkoi, L. griseolum, L. lebedevi, L. limbellum limbellum, L. nitidiusculum, L. niveocinctum, L. persicum, L. salinaecola, L. smeathmanellum, L. sublaterale, L. tschardschuicum, L. verae, L. villosulum, and L. zonulum.

The most dominant species in individuals was Lasioglossum marginatum occurring mainly in the Western Palearctic Region. One of the reasons, it seems that L. marginatum is known as a eusocial species having the largest colony-size (worker number exceeds 400 individuals for per colony) in the eusocial Lasioglossum (Plateaux-Quénu 1962; Michener 1974).

The distribution of each species was roughly classified into seven elements as follows:

1) Holarctic, widely distributed from Palearctic to Nearctic Region (3 spp.): Halictus rubicundus, Lasioglossum leucozonium, and L. zonulum.

2) Transpalearctic, widely distributed from Europe to Far East (5 spp.): Rophites canus, Halictus leucahenenus leucahenenus, H. quadricinctus, Lasioglossum albipes albipes, and L. calceatum.

3) Transpalearctic-Oriental, widely distributed from Europe to Far East and southeastern Asia (2 spp.): Ceylalictus variegatus and Lasioglossum villosulum.

4) Europe to central Asia (33 spp.): Systropha curvicornis, Pseudapis diversipes, P. femoralis, P. fugax, Nomioides minutissimus minutissimus, Halictus alfkenellus cedens, H. brunnescens, H. indefinitus, H. maculatus maculatus, H. mucoreus, H. nasica, L. obscuratum, H. pollinosa cariniventris, H. pulvereus, H. resurgens, H. seladonius, H. senilis, Lasioglossum buccale, L. clypeale, L. clypeiferellum, L. costulatum, L. denislucum, L. discum, L. griseolum, L. limbellum, L. lucidulum, L. mandibulare, L. marginatum, L. nitidiusculum, L. sexnotatulum, L. smeathmanellum, and L. xanthopus.

5) Western to central Asia, nearly endemic in central Asia (42 spp.): Dufourea paradoxa atrocoerulea, Nomioides gussakovskiji, N. ino, Halictus bucharicus, H. bulbiceps, H. compressus transvolgensis, H. duplocinctus, H. fuscicollis, H. mucidus, Lasioglossum niveocinctum, H. palustris, H. pjalmensis pjalmensis, H. pseudomucoreus, H. takuiricus, H. tibialis, H. transbaikalensis, L. acephalum, L. alanum, L. aprilinum, L. cingulatum, L. ciscapum, L. croceipes, L. equestre, L. fedtschenkoi, L. fulvitarse, L. hyalinipenne, L. kozlovi, L. laevinode, L. lebedevi, L. longirostre, L. melanopus, L. persicum, L. popovi, L. pseudonigripes, L. quadrinotatiforme, L. rhynchites, L. salinaecola, L. scutellare, L. subaenescens asiaticum, L. subequestre, L. tschardschuicum, and L. verae.

6) Central Asia to Far East (2 spp.): Halictus minor and Lasioglossum matianense pluto.

7) Southern to central Asia. (1 sp.): Lasioglossum sublaterale.

The halictid fauna were mostly composed of Western to Central Asian elements (47.7 %), followed by the European to central Asian elements (37.5 %) in our suveyed area.

Many specimens belonging to Halictus (Seladonia), H. (Vestitohalictus), Lasioglossum (Dialictus), and L. (Hemihalictus) remain unidentified.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to late Dr. Vitaly Kastcheev (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Dr. Roman Jaschenko (Zoological Institute, Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan), Mr. Nabijan (Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Mr. Askhat (Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Dr. Ahmatjan Dawut (Fukuoka, Japan), Dr. Shuichi Ikudome (Kagoshima Women's College, Kagoshima, Japan), and Dr. Katsushi Mitai (Fukuoka, Japan) for their kind support in the field survey in Central Asia. We also express our thanks to Dr. Layne Westover (Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka, Japan) for his kindness in brushing up an early draft. Murao wishes express to special thanks to Mr. Fritz Gusenleitner (Oberösterreichischen Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria), Mr. Maximilian Schwarz (Linz, Austria), and Dr. Yulia Astafurova (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia) for their help in examining the Palaearctic Halictidae in their collections. This research was supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Nos. 14405025, 24405016) (Head investigator: Tadauchi), the JSPS Institutional Program for Young Researcher Overseas Visits (to Murao), and the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (S-9-2 (8)) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan (to Tadauchi).

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Supplementary material

Suppl. material 1: Specimens data

Authors: Murao R., Tadauchi O.

Data type: Occurences

Brief description:

The specimens data of halictid bees collected by Central Asian Expedition during 2000 to 2004 and 2012 to 2014.

Filename: Specimens data.xlsxDownload file (1.80 MB)

Endnotes