Biodiversity Data Journal :
Short Communications
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Corresponding author: Jesús Alvarado-Flores (jesus.alvarado@cicy.mx)
Academic editor: Christos Arvanitidis
Received: 21 Mar 2019 | Accepted: 06 Jun 2019 | Published: 13 Jun 2019
© 2019 Jovana Arroyo-Castro, Jesús Alvarado-Flores, Juan Carlos Uh-Moo, Coral Grisel Koh-Pasos
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Arroyo-Castro J, Alvarado-Flores J, Uh-Moo J, Koh-Pasos C (2019) Monogonot rotifers species of the island Cozumel, Quintana Roo, México. Biodiversity Data Journal 7: e34719. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e34719
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The current study adds 23 new records to the previously described monogonot rotifers of Cozumel, increasing the number of reported species to 40; these species are grouped into two orders, 11 families and 18 genera. Littoral and limnetic samples from 17 aquatic systems were examined, including wet dolines, coastal lagoons, temporary pools and artificial systems (reservoirs). Of the 36 species found, the following organisms represent new findings for Cozumel: Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus angularis, B. rubens, B. plicatilis sensu lato, Beuchampiella eudactylota, Euchlanis dilatata, Mytilina bisulcata, Colurella adriatica, Lepadella ovalis, L. rhomboides, Squatinella mutica, Lecane aculeata, L. climacois, L. crepida, L. cornuta, L. grandis, L. obtusa, L. pyriformis, Cephalodella forficula, Scaridium bostjani, Trichocerca pusilla, Polyarthra cf. dolichoptera, P. vulgaris, Dicranophorus epicharis and Testudinella patina. Additional information is reported for these species.
Caribbean Sea, zooplankton, island systems, diversity
Islands contain ecosystems of critical importance for biodiversity conservation since a large number of endemic species are distributed in these environments. Furthermore, islands are important sites for the reproductive, nesting, resting and feeding activities of numerous species, including migratory species (
In these ways, several studies on the different taxonomical groups, associated with 149 Mexican islands, have been carried out, in which 2,545 marine species and 2,066 terrestrial species, grouped into 1,830 genera and 655 families, have been reported (
Studies have been elaborated mainly for Mexico’s central region, including inventories by
In Cozumel, 51 biological samples from 17 freshwater systems were analysed. The aquatic system were cenotes, temporal and artificial ponds and mangrove ecosystems. Dissolve oxygen (mg/l), temperature (°C) and electric conductivity (μS/cm), by means of a previously calibrated multi-parametric probe YSI Model 85, were measured in situ and for Max. Depth (m), we used a Secchi disc. Sampling was performed from 2014 to 2016, using a Wisconsin Plankton Net with a 45 µm mesh. The collected material was preserved in alcohol and formaldehyde and live samples were also analysed in the laboratory. The organisms were identified by consulting specialised literature:
Four organisms were recorded in Cozumel and the state of Quintana Roo for the first time: Beauchampiella eudactylota, Mytilina bisulcata, Squatinella mutica and Dicranophorus epicharis. Overall, a total of 36 monogonot rotifers species were found (see Table
List of rotifers from Cozumel: monogonot rotifers had not been reported for Cozumel (*); new records for Quintana Roo (+); and new records for Mexico (°). The symbols “X” and “-” indicate presence and absence of the species, respectively. Numbers correspond to the following sampling sites: 1, Pileta UQROO; 2, Maravillas cenote; 3, Sin Barda cenote; 4, Uvala cenote; 5, Palmar cenote; 6, Observation Tower; 7, Caletita cenote; 8, Chenpita; 9, El Colombiano; 10, Chancanaab IV cenote; 11, Ositos cenote; 12, San Gervasio III; 13, Tres Potrillos cenote; 14, Garden cenote; 15, UQROO cenote; 16, Charco cancha UQROO; and 17, Echeverría cenote.
Taxon | Sampling Site | ||||||||||||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
|
SUBCLASS: MONOGONONTA |
|||||||||||||||||
ORDER: PLOIMIDA |
|||||||||||||||||
1. FAMILY: Brachionidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Anuraeopsis fissa (Gosse, 1851)* |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
X |
Plationus patulus (Mϋller, 1786) |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Brachionus angularis Gosse, 1851* |
X |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Brachionus rubens Ehrenberg, 1838* |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Brachionus plicatilis sensu lato* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Keratella americana Carlin, 1943 |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Platyias quadricornis Ehrenberg, 1832 |
X |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
- |
X |
2. FAMILY: Euchlanidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Beuchampiella eudactylota (Gosse, 1886)+ |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
Euchlanis dilatata Ehrenberg, 1832* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
3. FAMILY: Mytilidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Mytilina bisulcata (Lucks, 1912)+ |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Mytilina ventralis (Ehrenberg, 1832) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Mytilina mucronata (Müller 1773) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
4. FAMILY: Colurellidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Colurella adriatica Ehrenberg, 1831* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Lepadella patella (Mϋller, 1773) |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Lepadella ovalis (Müller, 1786)* |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
Lepadella rhomboides (Gosse, 1886)* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Squatinella mutica (Ehrenberg, 1832)+ |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5. FAMILY: Lecanidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Lecane aculeata (Jakubski, 1912)* |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane bulla (Gosse, 1851) |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
X |
Lecane closterocerca (Schmarda, 1859) |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
Lecane crepida Harring, 1914* |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane cornuta (Müller, 1786)* |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane elsa Hauer, 1931 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
X |
X |
Lecane grandis (Murray, 1913)* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane hamata (Stokes, 1896) |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane obtusa (Murray, 1913)* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Lecane pyriformis (Daday, 1905)* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Lecane quadridentata (Ehrenberg, 1830) |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
X |
- |
X |
6. FAMILY: Notommatidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Cephalodella forficula (Ehrenberg, 1838)* |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Scaridium botsjani (Dames & Dumont, 1974)* |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
7. FAMILY: Trichocercidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Trichocerca pusilla (Jennings, 1903) * |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
8. FAMILY: Synchaetidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Polyarthra cf. dolichoptera Idelson, 1925* |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Polyarthra vulgaris Carlin, 1943* |
X |
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
9. FAMILY: Asplanchnidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Asplanchnopus multiceps (Schrank, 1793) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
X |
10. FAMILY: Dicranophoridae |
|||||||||||||||||
Dicranophorus epicharis Harring & Myers, 1928+ |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
ORDER: FLOSCULARIACEAE |
|||||||||||||||||
11. FAMILY: Testudinellidae |
|||||||||||||||||
Testudinella patina (Hermann, 1783)* |
- |
- |
X |
X |
- |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Geographical location and physical and chemical characteristics of the study sites. ND = no data.
No |
Name of Site |
Latitude N |
Longitude W |
Type of Sample |
Conductivity (μS/cm3) |
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) |
Max. depth (m) |
Temperature (°C) |
1 |
Pileta UQROO |
|
|
Limnetic |
539.5 |
7.27 |
1.1 |
27.15 |
2 |
Cenote Maravillas |
|
|
Limnetic |
230.35 |
14.31 |
1.2 |
21.35 |
3 |
Cenote Sin Barda |
|
|
Limnetic |
500.1 |
1.91 |
2.1 |
28.4 |
4 |
Cenote Uvala |
|
|
Littoral |
300.3 |
1.78 |
< 1 |
25.3 |
5 |
Cenote Palmar |
|
|
Littoral |
350.1 |
1.8 |
< 1 |
26.4 |
6 |
Torre de Observación |
|
|
Limnetic |
767.9 |
12.45 |
2.1 |
25.8 |
7 |
Cenote Caletita |
|
|
Littoral |
567.78 |
6.89 |
2.5 |
24.7 |
8 |
Cenote Chenpita |
|
|
Limnetic |
458.6 |
19.5 |
5 |
29.1 |
9 |
Cenote "El colombiano" |
|
|
Littoral |
210.5 |
5.6 |
2.3 |
30.5 |
10 |
Chankanaab IV |
|
|
Littoral |
367.7 |
6.27 |
2.16 |
27.81 |
11 |
Charco Ositos |
|
|
Littoral |
N/D |
N/D |
N/D |
N/D |
12 |
San Gervasio II |
|
|
Littoral |
595.2 |
4.51 |
2 |
27.6 |
13 |
Tres Potrillos |
|
|
Limnetic |
N/D |
N/D |
2.25 |
25.7 |
14 |
Cenote Gardner |
|
|
Limnetic |
N/D |
2.01 |
<1 |
N/D |
15 |
Cenote UQROO |
|
|
Limnetic |
230.35 |
6.87 |
< 1 |
27.15 |
16 |
Cancha UQROO |
|
|
Littoral |
N/D |
1.45 |
< 1 |
28.5 |
17 |
Cenote Echeverria |
|
|
Littoral |
210.1 |
9.63 |
< 1 |
N/D |
New records of species that were found are described below.
Brachionus rubens (Fig.
Brachionus plicatilis s.l (Fig.
Squatinella mutica (Fig.
The number of rotifer species reported in Cozumel has increased to a total of 40, grouped into two orders, 11 families and 18 genera.
For example, the rotifer fauna of tropical and Caribbean islands mostly reflect the fauna of the closest continental region (
The genera Lecane and Brachionus were the most common taxa represented in this study; this observation agrees with studies performed by
The rotifer species identified in this study are largely typical of littoral habitats. This observation may be attributed to the nature of freshwater systems in Cozumel, which are predominantly shallow (< 2 m) and small (18 m in diameter) (
As previously mentioned, the proximity of Cozumel to the continental coast and its territorial extension could be factors that positively influence its rotifer richness. This idea is in agreement with
The greatest numbers of species registered in island systems are found in the Neotropical and Eastern biogeographic territories, followed by the Palearctic territory; the lowest number of species is found in the Nearctic territory. Australasia is the most studied island system, in which 687 rotifer species have been recorded. The same study reported 133 rotifer species in the islands of the Pacific Ocean (
The authors thank the Ejido Villa Cozumel for the support in the exploration of two sites on the island. We also thank Alma Estrella Garcia-Morales for her comments.
CONACyT, Project number 2944.
Modelling the water cycle of the Yucatan Peninsula: biodiversity of zooplankton from the karst systems.
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C
All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.
All authors contributed equally to samples collection and processing and the writing of the manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.