Biodiversity Data Journal :
Data paper
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Corresponding author:
Academic editor: Benjamin Price
Received: 06 Mar 2015 | Accepted: 24 Mar 2015 | Published: 17 Apr 2015
© 2015 Ulrike Aspöck, Horst Aspöck, Agostino Letardi, Yde de Jong
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Aspöck U, Aspöck H, Letardi A, de Jong Y (2015) Fauna Europaea: Neuropterida (Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera). Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4830. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4830
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Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names of all living European land and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at country level (up to the Urals, excluding the Caucasus region), and some additional information. The Fauna Europaea project covers about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. This represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many users in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education.
For Neuropterida, data from three Insect orders (Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera), comprising 15 families and 397 species, are included.
Biodiversity Informatics, Fauna Europaea, Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Europe, Taxonomy, Taxonomic indexing
In 1998 the European Commission published the European Community Biodiversity Strategy, providing a framework for development of Community policies and instruments in order to comply with the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Strategy recognises the current incomplete state of knowledge at all levels concerning biodiversity, which is a constraint on the successful implementation of the Convention. Fauna Europaea contributes to this Strategy by supporting one of the main themes: to identify and catalogue the components of European biodiversity into a database to serve as a basic tool for science and conservation policies.
With regard to biodiversity in Europe, science and policies depend on knowledge of its components. The assessment of biodiversity, monitoring changes, sustainable exploitation of biodiversity, and much legislative work depend upon a validated overview of taxonomic biodiversity, in which Fauna Europaea plays a major role, providing a web-based information infrastructure with an index of scientific names (including important synonyms) of all living European land and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at country level and some additional optional information. In this sense the Fauna Europaea database provides a unique reference for many user-groups such as scientists, governments, industries, conservation communities and educational programs.
Fauna Europaea kicked-off in 2000 as an EC-FP5 four years project, delivering its first release in 2004 (
Neuropterida is a fairly small group of Insecta, with about 6,500 described species, most of which live in arboreal habitats, but many species are eremial and several live in freshwater habitats. This paper includes a complete list of European taxa of the genus- and family-groups belonging to the Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, and Neuroptera. Recent research suggests that our current appreciation of species diversity of Neuropterida in Europe is still provisional: on the one hand, cryptic, unrecognised taxa are expected to emerge; on the other, the status of some taxa currently treated as one species deserves revisiting. Moreover, a small but constant number of species new for Europe is revealing, mostly on the geographic boundaries of European territory.
Barcoding of European Neuropterida has just begun, one may assume that forthcoming barcode data may lead to various changes of the status of some taxa.
Until the middle of the 20th century the Neuropterida fauna of Europe was rather insufficiently known, and of large regions even largely unknown. The publication of a book on the Neuropterida of Europe (
In order to improve the dissemination and citation of Fauna Europaea and to increase the acknowledgement of the Fauna Europaea contributors, a special Biodiversity Data Journal Series has been compiled using novel e-Publishing tools, called Contributions on Fauna Europaea, preparing data-papers of all major Fauna Europaea taxonomic groups. This work was initiated during the ViBRANT project and is further supported by the recently started EU BON project. This paper holds the first publication of the Fauna Europaea Neuropterida data sector as a BDJ data paper.
In the EU BON project also further steps will be made on implementing Fauna Europaea as a basic tool and standard reference for biodiversity research in Europe and to evaluate the status of the European taxonomic expertise. The Fauna Europaea data-papers will contribute to a quality assessement on biodiversity data by providing estimates on gaps in taxonomic information and knowledge (see Table
Taxonomic specialists per family in Neuropterida and their responsibilities. The actual numbers of databased species are given per family. For most families is also given an indication of the actual number of known/described species (showing a potential information gap) plus an estimate of the total number of existing species (i.e., described/known plus undescribed/undiscovered) for Europe.
TAXONOMY | EUROPE | |||
FAMILY | SPECIALIST(S) | DATABASED SPECIES (Fauna Europaea) | TOTAL DESCRIBED SPECIES (information-gap) | TOTAL ESTIMATED SPECIES (knowledge-gap) |
Ascalaphidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 18 | 20 | ~20 |
Berothidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 2 | 2 | ~2 |
Chrysopidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 73 | 74 | ~80 |
Coniopterygidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 59 | • | ~75 |
Dilaridae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 10 | • | ~12 |
Hemerobiidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 61 | 62 | ~70 |
Inocelliidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 7 | 7 | ~7 |
Mantispidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 5 | 6 | ~6 |
Myrmeleontidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 58 | 60 | ~70 |
Nemopteridae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 7 | 7 | ~7 |
Nevrorthidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 3 | 4 | • |
Osmylidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 3 | 3 | ~3 |
Raphidiidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 74 | 76 | ~80 |
Sialidae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 10 | 6 | ~8 |
Sisyridae | Profs Ulrike Aspöck & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi | 7 | 7 | ~7 |
Fauna Europaea is a database of the scientific names and distribution (at national or -in same cases- regional level) of all living, currently known multicellular European land and fresh-water animal species assembled by a large network of experts, using advanced electronic tools for data collations and validation routines. An extended description of the Fauna Europaea project backgrounds, progress and functioning can be found in
Neuropterida is one of the 58 Fauna Europaea major taxonomic groups, covering 397 species (Fig.
The Neuropterida, with about 6,500 described (and possibly 10,000 existing) species, comprise three orders: Raphidioptera, with 241 described valid species in two families; Megaloptera, with about 380 species in two families; and Neuroptera, with at least 6,000 species in 17 families. The small number of species, the heterogeneity of the taxa, the vicariant distribution patterns, and the rich fossil records suggest that the ‘golden age’ of the Neuropterida passed long ago (
The basic reference for Neuropterida in Fauna Europaea has been the catalogue of the Western Palaearctic at the beginning of the third millennium (
This BDJ data paper includes the taxonomic indexing efforts in Fauna Europaea on European Neuropterida covering the first two versions of Fauna Europaea worked on between 2000 and 2013 (up to version 2.6).
The taxonomic framework of Fauna Europaea includes partner institutes, providing taxonomic expertise and information, and expert networks taking care about data collation.
Every taxonomic group is covered by at least one Group Coordinator responsible for the supervision and integrated input of taxonomic and distributional data of a particular group. For Neuropterida the responsible Group Coordinators are Profs Ulrike & Horst Aspöck and Dr Agostino Letardi.
The Fauna Europaea checklist would not have reached its current level of completion without the input from several groups of specialists. The formal responsibility of collating and delivering the data of relevant families has resided with the below appointed Taxonomic Specialists (see Table
Data management tasks are taken care about by the Fauna Europaea project bureau. During the project phase (until 2004) a network of principal partners took care about diverse management tasks: Zoological Museum Amsterdam (general management & system development), Zoological Museum of Copenhagen (data collation), National Museum of Natural History in Paris (data validation) and Museum and Institute of Zoology in Warsaw (NAS extension). Since the formal project ending (2004-2013) all tasks are taken over by the Zoological Museum Amsterdam.
The area study covers the European mainland (Western Palearctic), including the Macaronesian islands, excluding the Caucasus, Turkey, Arabian Peninsula and Northern Africa (see: Geographic coverage).
Standards. Group coordinators and taxonomic specialists have to deliver the (sub)species names according to strict standards. The names provided by FaEu are scientific names. The taxonomic scope includes issues like, (1) the definition of criteria used to identify the accepted species-group taxa, (2) the hierarchy (classification scheme) for the accommodation of the all accepted species and (3), relevant synonyms, and (4) the correct nomenclature. The Fauna Europaea 'Guidelines for Group Coordinators and Taxonomic Specialists', include the standards, protocols, scope, and limits that provide the instructions for all more then 400 specialists contributing to the project.
Data management. The data records could either be entered offline into a preformatted MS-Excel worksheet or directly into the Fauna Europaea transaction database using an online browser interface (see Fig.
Data set. The Fauna Europaea basic data set consists of: accepted (sub)species names (including authorship), synonyms names (including authorship), taxonomic hierarchy / classification, misapplied names (including misspellings and alternative taxonomic views), homonym annotations, expert details, European distribution (at country level), Global distribution (only for European species), taxonomic reference (optional), occurrence reference (optional).
Fauna Europaea was funded by the European Commission under the Fifth Framework Programme and contributed to the Support for Research Infrastructures work programme with Thematic Priority Biodiversity (EVR1-1999-20001) for a period of four years (1 March 2000 - 1 March 2004), including a short 'NAS extension', allowing EU candidate accession countries to participate. Follow-up support was given by the EC-FP5 EuroCAT project (EVR1-CT-2002-20011), by the EC-FP6 ENBI project (EVK2-CT-2002-20020), by the EC-FP6 EDIT project (GCE 018340), by the EC-FP7 PESI project (RI-223806) and by the EC-FP7 ViBRANT project (RI-261532). Continuing management and hosting of the Fauna Europaea services was supported by the University of Amsterdam (Zoological Museum Amsterdam) and SARA/Vancis. Recently the hosting of Fauna Europaea was taken over by the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, supported by the EC-FP7 EU BON project (grant agreement №308454).
See spatial coverage and geographic coverage descriptions.
Fauna Europaea data have been assembled by principal taxonomic specialists, based on their individual expertise, Which includes studies of the literature, collection research, and field observations. In total no less than 476 experts contributed taxonomic and/or faunistic information for Fauna Europaea. The vast majority of the experts are from Europe (including EU non-member states). As a unique feature, Fauna Europaea funds were set aside for paying/compensating for the work of taxonomic specialists and group coordinators (around five Euro per species).
To facilitate data transfer and data import, sophisticated on-line (web interfaces) and off-line (spreadsheets) data-entry routines were built, well integrated within an underlying central Fauna Europaea transaction database (see Fig.
A first release of the Fauna Europaea index via the web-portal has been presented at 27th of September 2004, the most recent release (version 2.6.2) was launched at 29 August 2013. An overview of Fauna Europaea releases can be found at: http://www.faunaeur.org/about_fauna_versions.php.
Fauna Europaea data are unique in a sense that they are fully expert based. Selecting leading experts for all groups included a principal assurance of the systematic reliability and consistency of the Fauna Europaea data.
Further all Fauna Europaea data sets have been intensively reviewed at regional and thematic validation meetings, at review sessions at taxonomic symposia (for some groups), by Fauna Europaea Focal Points (during the FaEu-NAS and PESI projects) and by various end-users sending annotations using the web form at the web-portal. Additional validation on gaps and correct spelling was effected by the validation office at the MNHN in Paris.
Checks on technical and logical correctness of the data were implemented in the data entry tools, including around "Taxonomic Integrity Rules". This validation tool proved to be of huge value for both the experts and project management, and significantly contribute(d) to preparation of a remarkably clean and consistent data set.
This thorough reviewing makes Fauna Europaea the most scrutinised data sets in its domain. In general, after the initial release, we expected to get taxonomic data for 99.3% of the known European fauna, the faunistic coverage being less complete, but nevertheless holding 90-95% of the total fauna (
To optimise the use and implementation of a uniform and correct nomenclature, a cross-referencing of the Fauna Europaea Neuropterida data-set with relevant nomenclators and taxonomic catalogues, including Neuropterida Species of the World, is recommended, following the global efforts on establishing a so-called 'Global Names Architecture' (e.g.
By evaluating team structure and life cycle procedures (data-entry, validation, updating, etc.), clear definitions of roles of users and user-groups, according to the taxonomic framework were established, including ownership and read and writes privileges, and their changes during the project life-cycle. In addition, guidelines on common data exchange formats and codes have been issued (see also the 'Guidelines' document).
Species and subspecies distributions in Fauna Europaea are registered at least at country level, meaning political countries. For this purpose the FaEu geographical system basically follows the TDWG standards. The covered area includes the European mainland (Western Palearctic), plus the Macaronesian islands (excl. Cape Verde Islands), Cyprus, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya. Western Kazakhstan and the Caucasus are excluded (see Fig.
The focus is on species (or subspecies) of European multicellular animals of terrestrial and freshwater environments. Species in brackish waters, occupying the marine/freshwater or marine/terrestrial transition zones, are generally excluded.
The following additional species of Neuropterida have been recorded in Europe since the last version (August 2013):
Ascalaphus festivus (Rambur, 1842) has been found in Sardinia (
Deleproctophylla bleusei Kimmins, 1949, occurs in the southeast of Spain, has been overlooked (misidentified) so far (
A new species of Chrysoperla Steimann, C. heidarii, has been described by
A new species of the genus Helicoconis Enderlein, H. tatrica (emendation of H. tatricus; Helicoconis is feminine), has been described by Vidlička (
Hemerobius bolivari Banks, 1910, a species, widely distributed in South America, has been introduced to Portugal (
A new species of the genus Mantispa Illiger, M. incorrupta, has been described by Monserrat (
A new species of Myrmeleon Linneaus, M. tschernovi, has been described by Krivokhatsky (
A new species of Nevrorthus Costa, N. reconditus, has been described by Monserrat & Gavira (
Two of the species in Fauna Europaea – Sialis gonzalezi Vshivkova, 1985, and S. dorochovae Vshivkova, 1985, are confirmed or at least probably synonyms (
Mediterranean (N 35°) and Arctic Islands (N 82°) Latitude; Atlantic Ocean (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) (W 30°) and Urals (E 60°) Longitude.
The Fauna Europaea database contains the scientific names of all living European land and freshwater animal species, including numerous infra-groups and synonyms. More details about the conceptual background of Fauna Europaea and standards followed are described in the project description papers.
This data paper covers the Neuropterida content of Fauna Europaea, including 15 families 397 species, 21 subspecies and 12 (sub)species synonyms (see Fig.
Ascalaphidae: Presently there are 18 species in the list plus 1 subspecies (Libelloides rhomboideus cretensis) in addition to the species and nominate subspecies. The current number of species of Ascalaphidae recorded from Europe is (at least) 20, since Ascalaphus festivus and Deleproctophylla bleusei are not yet in the database.
Chrysopidae: The current in FaEu is 73, however, there is 1 additional (nominal) subspecies: Pseudomallada flavifrons nigropunctata.
Raphidiidae: The number of species in the database is 74, in addition there are, however, 7 subspecies (in addition to the nominate subspecies). Of these 7 subspecies 2, namely Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis alcoholica and Raphidia (Raphidia) ophiopsis mediterranea, have received the status of species. Thus, the current number of species of Raphidiidae recorded in Europe (in the sense of FaEu) is 76 plus 5 subspecies.
Sialidae: In the database there are 8 species, 2 of which are proven (Sialis gonzalezi) or probable (Sialis dorochovae) synonyms. However, 2 possibly valid species (Sialis abchasica, Sialis klingstedti) have been recorded from European parts of Russia. Thus, the real number of species of Sialidae occurring in Europe may be 8, hardly more.
Rank | Scientific Name | Common Name |
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kingdom | Animalia | |
subkingdom | Eumetazoa | |
phylum | Arthropoda | |
subphylum | Hexapoda | |
class | Insecta | |
order | Megaloptera | |
family | Sialidae | alderfly |
genus | Sialis Latreille, 1802 | |
order | Neuroptera | lacewing |
suborder | Hemerobiiformia | |
family | Berothidae | beaded lacewing |
subfamily | Berothinae | |
genus | Isoscelipteron Costa, 1863 | |
family | Chrysopidae | green lacewing |
subfamily | Chrysopinae | |
tribe | Belonopterygini | |
genus | Italochrysa Principi, 1946 | |
tribe | Chrysopini | |
genus | Atlantochrysa Hölzel, 1970 | |
genus | Brinckochrysa Tjeder, 1966 | |
genus | Chrysopa Leach in Brewster, 1815 | |
genus | Chrysoperla Steinmann, 1964 | |
genus | Chrysotropia Navás, 1911 | |
genus | Cunctochrysa Hölzel, 1970 | |
genus | Nineta Navás, 1912 | |
genus | Peyerimhoffina Lacroix, 1920 | |
genus | Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 | |
genus | Rexa Navás, 1919 | |
genus | Suarius Navás, 1914 | |
subfamily | Nothochrysinae | |
genus | Hypochrysa Hagen, 1866 | |
genus | Nothochrysa McLachlan, 1868 | |
family | Coniopterygidae | dustywing |
subfamily | Aleuropteryginae | |
tribe | Aleuropterygini | |
genus | Aleuropteryx Löw, 1885 | |
tribe | Conwentziini | |
genus | Conwentzia Enderlein, 1905 | |
genus | Hemisemidalis Meinander, 1972 | |
genus | Semidalis Enderlein, 1905 | |
tribe | Fontenelleini | |
genus | Helicoconis Enderlein, 1905 | |
genus | Vartiana H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1965 | |
subfamily | Coniopteryginae | |
tribe | Coniopterygini | |
genus | Coniopteryx Curtis, 1834 | |
genus | Nimboa Navás, 1915 | |
genus | Parasemidalis Enderlein, 1905 | |
family | Dilaridae | pleasing lacewing |
subfamily | Dilarinae | |
genus | Dilar Rambur, 1838 | |
family | Hemerobiidae | brown lacewing |
subfamily | Drepanepteryginae | |
genus | Drepanepteryx Leach in Brewster, 1815 | |
subfamily | Hemerobiinae | |
genus | Hemerobius Linnaeus, 1758 | |
genus | Wesmaelius Krüger, 1922 | |
subfamily | Megalominae | |
genus | Megalomus Rambur, 1842 | |
subfamily | Microminae | |
genus | Micromus Rambur, 1842 | |
subfamily | Notiobiellinae | |
genus | Psectra Hagen, 1866 | |
subfamily | Sympherobiinae | |
genus | Sympherobius Banks, 1904 | |
family | Mantispidae | mantisfly |
subfamily | Mantispinae | |
genus | Mantispa Illiger in Kugelann, 1798 | |
genus | Nampista Navás, 1914 | |
family | Osmylidae | |
subfamily | Osmylinae | |
genus | Osmylus Latreille, 1802 | |
family | Sisyridae | spongilla fly |
genus | Sisyra Burmeister, 1839 | |
suborder | Myrmeleontiformia | |
family | Ascalaphidae | owlfly |
subfamily | Ascalaphinae | |
genus | Bubopsis McLachlan, 1898 | |
genus | Deleproctophylla Lefèbvre, 1842 | |
genus | Libelloides Schäffer, 1763 | |
genus | Puer Lefèbvre, 1842 | |
family | Myrmeleontidae | antlion |
subfamily | Myrmeleontinae | |
tribe | Acanthaclisini | |
genus | Acanthaclisis Rambur, 1842 | |
genus | Synclisis Rambur, 1842 | |
tribe | Dendroleontini | |
genus | Dendroleon Brauer, 1866 | |
genus | Tricholeon Esben-Petersen, 1925 | |
tribe | Glenurini | |
genus | Gymnocnemia Schneider, 1845 | |
genus | Megistopus Rambur, 1842 | |
genus | Nedroledon Navás, 1914 | |
tribe | Myrmecaelurini | |
genus | Aspoeckiana Hölzel, 1969 | |
genus | Lopezus Navás, 1913 | |
genus | Myrmecaelurus Costa, 1855 | |
genus | Nohoveus Navás, 1919 | |
genus | Solter Navás, 1912 | |
tribe | Myrmeleontini | |
genus | Euroleon Esben-Petersen, 1918 | |
genus | Myrmeleon Linnaeus, 1767 | |
tribe | Nemoleontini | |
genus | Creoleon Tillyard, 1918 | |
genus | Delfimeus Navás, 1912 | |
genus | Deutoleon Navás, 1927 | |
genus | Distoleon Banks, 1810 | |
genus | Macronemurus Costa, 1855 | |
genus | Nemoleon Navás, 1909 | |
genus | Neuroleon Navás, 1909 | |
genus | Noaleon Holzel 1972 | |
tribe | Nesoleontini | |
genus | Cueta Navás, 1911 | |
subfamily | Palparinae | |
tribe | Palparini | |
genus | Palpares Rambur, 1842 | |
family | Nemopteridae | spoonwing |
subfamily | Crocinae | |
genus | Josandreva Navás, 1906 | |
genus | Pterocroce Withycombe, 1923 | |
subfamily | Nemopterinae | |
genus | Lertha Navás, 1910 | |
genus | Nemoptera Latreille, 1802 | |
suborder | Nevrorthiformia | |
family | Nevrorthidae | |
genus | Nevrorthus Costa, 1863 | |
order | Raphidioptera | snakefly |
family | Inocelliidae | |
genus | Fibla Navás, 1915 | |
genus | Inocellia Schneider, 1843 | |
genus | Parainocellia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
family | Raphidiidae | |
genus | Atlantoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Calabroraphidia Rausch, H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 2004 | |
genus | Dichrostigma Navás, 1909 | |
genus | Harraphidia Steinmann, 1963 | |
genus | Hispanoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Italoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Ohmella H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Ornatoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Parvoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Phaeostigma Navás, 1909 | |
genus | Puncha Navás, 1915 | |
genus | Raphidia Linnaeus, 1758 | |
genus | Subilla Navás, 1916 | |
genus | Tjederiraphidia H. Aspöck, U. Aspöck & Rausch, 1985 | |
genus | Turcoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Ulrike H. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Venustoraphidia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 | |
genus | Xanthostigma Navás, 1909 |
Currently living multicellular, terrestrial and freshwater animals in stable populations, largely excluding (1) rare / irregular immigrants, (2) alien / invasive species, (3) accidental or deliberate releases of exotic (pet)species, (4) domesticated animals, (5) non-native species imported and released for bio-control or (6) non-native species largely confined to hothouses.
Fauna Europaea data are licensed under CC BY SA version 4.0. The property rights of experts over their data is covered under the SMEBD conditions. For more copyrights and citation details see: http://www.faunaeur.org/copyright.php
Column label | Column description |
---|---|
datasetName | The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/datasetName). |
version | Release version of data set |
versionIssued | Issue data of data set version. |
rights | Information about rights held in and over the resource (http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights). |
rightsHolder | A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource (http://purl.org/dc/terms/rightsHolder). |
accessRights | Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status (http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights). |
taxonID | An identifier for the set of taxon information (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonID) |
parentNameUsageID | An identifier for the name usage of the direct parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentNameUsageID). |
scientificName | The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificName). |
acceptedNameUsage | The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) taxon (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsage). |
originalNameUsage | The original combination (genus and species group names), as firstly established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/originalNameUsage). |
family | The full scientific name of the family in which the taxon is classified (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/family). |
familyNameId | An identifier for the family name. |
genus | The full scientific name of the genus in which the taxon is classified (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genus). |
subgenus | The full scientific name of the subgenus in which the taxon is classified. Values include the genus to avoid homonym confusion (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/subgenus). |
specificEpithet | The name of the first or species epithet of the scientificName (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/specificEpithet). |
infraspecificEpithet | The name of the lowest or terminal infraspecific epithet of the scientificName, excluding any rank designation (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infraspecificEpithet). |
taxonRank | The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infraspecificEpithet). |
scientificNameAuthorship | The authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclaturalCode (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameAuthorship). |
authorName | Author name information |
namePublishedInYear | The four-digit year in which the scientificName was published (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/namePublishedInYear). |
Brackets | Annotation if authorship should be put between parentheses. |
nomenclaturalCode | The nomenclatural code under which the scientificName is constructed (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nomenclaturalCode). |
taxonomicStatus | The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonomicStatus). |
resourceDescription | An account of the resource, including a data-paper DOI (http://purl.org/dc/terms/description) |
Column label | Column description |
---|---|
datasetName | The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/datasetName). |
version | Release version of data set. |
versionIssued | Issue data of data set version. |
rights | Information about rights held in and over the resource (http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights). |
rightsHolder | A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource (http://purl.org/dc/terms/rightsHolder). |
accessRights | Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status (http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights). |
taxonName | The full scientific name of the higher-level taxon |
scientificNameAuthorship | The authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclaturalCode (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameAuthorship). |
taxonRank | The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infraspecificEpithet). |
taxonID | An identifier for the set of taxon information (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonID) |
parentNameUsageID | An identifier for the name usage of the direct parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName (http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentNameUsageID). |
resourceDescription | An account of the resource, including a data-paper DOI (http://purl.org/dc/terms/description) |
Fauna Europaea was funded by the European Commission under the Fifth Framework Programme and contributed to the Support for Research Infrastructures work programme with Thematic Priority Biodiversity (EVR1-1999-20001) for a period of four years (1 March 2000 - 1 March 2004), including a short 'NAS extension', allowing EU candidate accession countries to participate. Follow-up support was given by the EC-FP5 EuroCAT project (EVR1-CT-2002-20011), by the EC-FP6 ENBI project (EVK2-CT-2002-20020), by the ECFP6 EDIT project (GCE 018340), by the EC-FP7 PESI project (RI-223806) and by the ECFP7 ViBRANT project (RI-261532). Continuing management and hosting of the FaunaEuropaea services was supported by the University of Amsterdam (Zoological Museum Amsterdam) and SARA/Vancis. Recently the hosting of Fauna Europaea is taken over by the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, supported by the EC-FP7 EU BON project (grant agreement №308454).
data base of papers used to update Neuroperida in Fauna Europaea vers. 2.6.2