Biodiversity Data Journal :
Taxonomic Paper
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Corresponding author: Yong Wang (yongwangbis@aliyun.com)
Academic editor: Christian Wurzbacher
Received: 27 Apr 2020 | Accepted: 24 May 2020 | Published: 01 Jun 2020
© 2020 Yaru Sun, Ishani Goonasekara, Kasun Thambugala, Ruvishika Jayawardena, Yong Wang, Kevin Hyde
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Sun Y, Goonasekara ID, Thambugala KM, Jayawardena RS, Wang Y, Hyde KD (2020) Distoseptispora bambusae sp. nov. (Distoseptisporaceae) on bamboo from China and Thailand. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e53678. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e53678
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Bamboo is a widespread plant with medicinal value. During our taxonomic study on medicinal plants, three collections of Distoseptispora were made from China and Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS and RPB2 sequence data showed that two collections represented a new species, phylogenetically distinct from other described species in Distoseptispora.
This new species has macronematous, mononematous conidiophores, polyblastic or monoblastic conidiogenous cells and acrogenous, solitary, straight, obclavate, multi-septate, thick-walled conidia. Distoseptispora bambusae sp. nov. is introduced with illustrations and a comprehensive description. The third collection on dead wood from Thailand was identified as D. tectona with newly-generated molecular data for this taxon.
One new taxon, Distoseptisporales, hyphomycete, multi-gene phylogeny, taxonomy
Distoseptispora was introduced by
Currently, 25 species are accepted in Distoseptospora, of which 16 are from freshwater habitats and nine from terrestrial (
During ongoing surveys of microfungi on medicinal plants, two Distoseptispora species were collected in China and Thailand. We introduce Distoseptispora bambusae as a novel taxon with illustrations and molecular phylogenetic data. We also provide newly-generated molecular data of the second species, D. tectona Doilom & K.D. Hyde, which was also reported from Thailand (
Specimens of bamboo culms were collected from Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China (August 2019) and Doi Mae Salong, Chiang Rai, Thailand (July 2015). Another specimen of dead wood was collected from the Botanical Garden, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand (November 2019). The samples were processed and examined following the method described by
Single-spore isolations were done following the method described in (
Fresh fungal mycelia were scraped with sterilised scalpels. Genomic DNA was extracted using Genomic DNA Extraction Kit (GD2416) following the manufacture’s protocol. PCR amplifications were performed in a 20 μl reaction volume, with 10 μl of 10 × PCR Master Mix, 1 μl of each primer, 1 μl template DNA and 7 μl ddH2O. Primers used and PCR thermal cycle programmers are listed in Table
Locus |
Primer |
PCR protocol |
Reference |
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Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) |
ITS5 ITS4 |
1. 94℃ – 3 min 2. 94℃ – 30 s 3. 52℃ – 30 s 4. 72℃ – 1 min 5. Repeat 2–4 for 35 cycles 6. 72℃ – 8 min 7. 4℃ on hold |
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Large Subunit rRNA (LSU, 28S) |
LR0R LR5 |
Same protocol as ITS region |
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RNA polymerase II Subunit 2 (RPB2) |
RPB2-5f RPB2-7cR |
1. 94℃ – 3 min 2. 94℃ – 20 sec 3. 55℃ – 30 sec 4. 72℃ – 1 min 5. Repeat 2–4 for 40 cycles 6. 72℃ – 10 min 7. 4℃ on hold |
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Sequences (Table
GenBank accession numbers of isolates included in this study.
The newly-obtained strains are are indicated with ※ after collection number. Ex-type strains are in bold.
Abbreviation: CBS: CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CGMCC: China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; DLUCC: Dali University Culture Collection, Yunnan, China; HKUCC: The University of Hong Kong Culture Collection, Hong Kong, China; HKAS: Kunming Institute of Botany Academia Sinica, Yunnan, China, ICMP: International Collection of Microorganisms from Plants, Auckland, New Zealand; MFLU: the herbarium of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand; MFLUCC: Mae Fah Luang University Culture Collection, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
Additional sequence of D. bambusae MFLUCC 20–0091: SSU: MT232716, TEF: MT232880
Species |
Strain |
ITS |
LSU |
RPB2 |
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Aquapteridospora lignicola |
MFLUCC 15–0377 |
KU221018 |
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Aquapteridospora fusiformis |
MFLU 18–1601 |
MK828652 |
MK849798 |
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D. aquatica |
MFLUCC 15–0374 |
NR154040 |
KU376268 |
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D. aquatica |
S-965 |
MK828647 |
MK849792 |
MN124537 |
D. aquatica |
MFLUCC 18–0646 |
MK828648 |
MK849793 |
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D. aquatica |
MFLUCC 16–0904 |
MK828649 |
MK849794 |
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D. aquatica |
MFLUCC 16–1254 |
MK849795 |
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D. aquatica |
MFLUCC 16–1357 |
MK828650 |
MK849796 |
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D. bambusae |
MFLUCC 20–0091※ |
MT232713 |
MT232718 |
MT232881 |
D. bambusae |
MFLUCC 14–0583※ |
MT232712 |
MT232717 |
MT232882 |
D. cangshanensis |
MFLUCC 16–0970 |
MG979754 |
MG979761 |
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D. caricis |
CBS 146041 |
MN562124 |
MN567632 |
MN556805 |
D. dehongensis |
KUMCC 18–0090 |
MK085061 |
MK079662 |
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D. fluminicola |
MFLUCC 15–0417 |
NR154041 |
KU376270 |
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D. fluminicola |
DLUCC 0391 |
MG979755 |
MG979762 |
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D. fluminicola. |
DLUCC 0999 |
MG979756 |
MG979763 |
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D. guttulata |
MFLUCC 16–0183 |
MF077543 |
MF077554 |
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D. guttulata |
DLUCC B43 |
MN163011 |
MN163016 |
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D. leonensisi |
HKUCC 10822 |
DQ408566 |
DQ435089 |
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D. lignicola |
MFLUCC 18–0198 |
MK828651 |
MK849797 |
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D. martini |
CGMCC 3.18651 |
KU999975 |
KX033566 |
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D. multiseptata |
MFLUCC 16–1044 |
MF077544 |
MF077555 |
MF135644 |
D. multiseptata |
MFLUCC 15–0609 |
KX710145 |
KX710140 |
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D. multiseptata |
MFLUCC 18–0215 |
MN163013 |
MN174864 |
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D neorostrata |
MFLUCC 18–0376 |
MN163008 |
MN163017 |
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D. obclavata |
MFLUCC 18–0329 |
MN163012 |
MN163010 |
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D. obpyriformis |
MFLUCC 17–1694 |
MG979764 |
MG988415 |
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D. obpyriformis |
DLUCC 0867 |
MG979757 |
MG979765 |
MG988416 |
D. palmarum |
MFLUCC 18–1446 |
MK085062 |
MK079663 |
MK087670 |
D. phangngaensis |
MFLUCC 16–0857 |
MF077545 |
MF077556 |
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D. rostrata |
MFLUCC 16–0969 |
MG979758 |
MG979766 |
MG988417 |
D. rostrata |
DLUCC 0885 |
MG979759 |
MG979767 |
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D. submersa |
MFLUCC 16–0946 |
MG979760 |
MG979768 |
MG988418 |
D. suoluoensis |
MFLUCC 17–1305 |
MF077547 |
MF077558 |
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D. suoluoensis |
MFLUCC 17–0224 |
MF077546 |
MF077557 |
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Distoseptispora. sp |
HLXM–15–1 |
KU376269 |
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D. rayongensis |
MFLUCC 18–0415 |
MH457172 |
MH457137 |
MH463255 |
D. rayongensis |
MFLUCC 18–0416 |
MH457173 |
MH457138 |
MH463256 |
D. tectonae |
MFLUCC 12–0291 |
KX751711 |
KX751713 |
KX751708 |
D. tectonae |
MFLUCC 20–0090※ |
MT232714 |
MT232719 |
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D. tectonigena |
MFLUCC 12–0292 |
KX751712 |
KX751714 |
KX751709 |
D. thailandica |
MFLUCC 16–0270 |
MH275060 |
MH260292 |
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D. thysanolaenae |
HKAS 102247 |
NR164041 |
MK064091 |
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D. xishuangbannaensis |
KUMCC 17–0290 |
MH275061 |
MH260293 |
MH412754 |
The Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was performed using IQ-tree (
Maximum Parsimony (MP) analysis was carried out with the heuristic search in PAUP v. 4.0b10 (
Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis was performed by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) coalescent approach implemented in BEAST v1.8.4 (
Trees were visualised with FigTree v1.4.4 (
Saprobic on culms of bamboo. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous (Figs
Culture characteristics: Conidia germinated on PDA within 12 hours and germ tubes were produced from both ends. Colony reached 30 mm in 4 weeks at 26℃ on PDA media, circular, flat, surface rough, grey from above, brown from below, edge entire.
The morphological characteristics of Distoseptispora bambusae match well with the generic concept of Distoseptispora (
Bambusae, referring to the host.
Saprobic on stems of dead wood. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Hyphomycetous (Fig.
Culture characteristics: Conidia germinated on PDA within 12 hours and germ tubes were produced from both ends. On PDA, colony circular, reaching 40 mm diam after 4 weeks at 26℃, brown from above, dark brown from below, surface flat and slightly rough, edge entire.
Distoseptispora tectonae was introduced by
Partial nucleotide sequences of the LSU, ITS and RPB2 were used to determine the phylogenetic position of the taxa isolated. Sequences of 47 strains retrieved from GenBank, representing species of Distoseptispora and two outgroups A. fusiformis (MFLU 18–1601) and A. lignicola (MFLUCC 15–0377), were analysed. Single gene analyses were done to compare the topologies and clade stabilities, respectively. Nucleotide substitution models were selected by jModelTest2 on XEDE (
Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) tree, based on analysis of a combined dataset of LSU, ITS and RPB2 sequence data. Bootstrap support values for ML and MP greater than 75% and Bayesian posterior probabilities greater than 0.95 are given near nodes, respectively. The tree is rooted with Aquapteridospora fusiformis (MFLU 18–1601) and A. lignicola (MFLUCC 15–0377). The ex-type strains are indicated in bold and the new isolates are in red.
In the phylogenetic analyses, generated by ML, MP and BI analysis, the two Distoseptispora bambusae isolates clustered with strong support (80%, 92%, 0.97). They formed a sister clade with D. suoluoensis with high support (95%, 94%, 0.95). Our isolate D. tectonae (MFLUCC 20–0090) grouped with D. tectonae (MFLUCC 12–0291) with strong ML, MP and BI support (96%, 80%, 0.97), indicating they are the same species.
In this study, two collections from China and Thailand, representing a new Distoseptispora species, is introduced, based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis. The two samples were both found on bamboo from terrestrial habitats. It is the fourth species found from medicinal plants. The other three are D. palmarum, D. thailandica and D. xishuangbannaensis (
Distoseptispora species does not seem to have specific habitat preferences. Most of them are reported from submerged wood in freshwater habitats, while some species have been introduced from terrestrial habitats (
The asexual morph of Distoseptispora is similar to Sporidesmium in producing holoblastic, euseptate or distoseptate conidia and blastic, terminal conidiogenous cells (
Acrodictys martini was transferred to Distoseptispora as D. martini by
It is interesting to note that, in most species of Distoseptispora, the conidia are longer than their conidiophores, while in some, they are shorter than their conidiophores. However, this characteristic does not reflect their phylogenetic position. For example, D. obpyriformis Z.L. Luo & H.Y. Su, a species that has long conidia and short conidiophores and D. rostrata Z.L. Luo, K.D. Hyde & H.Y. Su that has longer conidiophores, but shorter conidia, form a sister clade in the phylogenetic tree.
This research is supported by the following projects: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31972222, 31560489), Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities of China (111 Program, D20023), Science and Technology basic work of MOST [2014FY120100], Talent project of Guizhou Science and Technology Cooperation Platform ([2017]5788-5 and [2019]5641) and Guizhou Science, Technology Department International Cooperation Basic project ([2018]5806), Construction Program of Biology First-class Discipline in Guizhou (GNYL[2017]009), Guizhou University cultivation project [2017]5788-33, Science and technology major project of Guizhou Province ([2019]3005). We would like to thank Dr. Eric H. C. McKenzie for suggestions on the morphology and Dr. Shaun Pennycook for checking the nomenclature. Kevin D. Hyde would thank the Thailand Research grants entitled “Impact of climate change on fungal diversity and biogeography in the Greater Mekong Subregion” (grant no: RDG6130001).