Biodiversity Data Journal :
Data Paper (Biosciences)
|
Corresponding author: Oleg Artaev (artaev@gmail.com)
Academic editor: Dmitry Schigel
Received: 01 Jun 2020 | Accepted: 24 Sep 2020 | Published: 08 Oct 2020
© 2020 Oleg Artaev, Alexander Ruchin, Victor Ivanchev, Elena Ivancheva, Vladimir Sarychev, Olga Moreva, Vyacheslav Mikheev, Dmirty Medvedev, Alexey Klevakin
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Artaev O, Ruchin A, Ivanchev V, Ivancheva E, Sarychev V, Moreva O, Mikheev V, Medvedev D, Klevakin A (2020) Fish occurrence in the middle Volga and upper Don regions (Russia). Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e54959. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54959
|
|
In ichthyological publications from both Russia as a whole, and from the study region, lack of data indicating the actual results of observations in a specific place all result in publication of a generalised analysis. Although our publications contain such data, they are, however, not convenient for users performing global analysis. The main purpose of publishing a database is to make our data available in the global biodiversity system to a wide range of users. Dataset represents a significant addition to the distribution of species in this area. The data can be used to analyse future changes in ichthyofauna, as well as to help the authorities to manage their territory more efficiently.
This publication describes a dataset that contains information on fish encounters in the Upper Don basin and the middle Volga (centre of the European part of Russia) over a 30-year period (1990-2020). The dataset contains information on 6400 occurrences of 394341 specimens of 56 species, 99.9% of specimens being identified to the species level. A total of 883 sites were studied, of which 253 were in lentic biotopes (lakes - 121, ponds - 123, backwater - 5, reservoir - 3, pit - 1), 630 were in lotic (rivers - 628, stream - 1, channel - 1). One collecting site has an average of 7.2 species (from 1-21 species per location). Only those species that form self-reproducing populations are given. The dataset is a compilation of data from several working author groups. All observations have precise geo-referencing with the names of water bodies (rivers, lakes etc.).
All presented data are published in the form of a database for the first time. Some data form the basis of previously-published works (3998 observations, 62%) and some are published for the first time (2402 observations, 38%). A large amount of data comes from small water bodies that have been neglected by previous researchers.
Cephalaspidomorphi, Actinopterygii, database, Volga river, Don river
In recent years, the ichthyofauna of the rivers and reservoirs of many regions has changed significantly. This is due to a decrease in precipitation, the destruction of small river beds, the regulation of the flow of medium and large rivers, eutrophication, toxicity and thermification of water bodies and streams, water abstraction, peat extraction and light pollution (
The studied region is located at the centre of the European part of Russia, is densely populated and located in the immediate vicinity of Moscow, the administrative centre of Russia. Studies on the regional ichthyofauna have been carrying out quite intensively since the 1920s. We conducted a detailed analysis and generalisation of them in previous works (
At the present stage of research, the main difference in this project is the study of a large number of different water bodies, including the smallest ones that were not represented in earlier studies, with detailed indication of species, habitats and dates. Previous efforts have usually presented only analyses and made certain conclusions on water bodies (
Information from this dataset is the basis of a number of published monographs and articles (
Collecting sites in the middle Volga and upper Don regions, explored by various working groups. Map was created in ArcGIS 10.8 software (www.esri.com).
Fish occurrence in middle Volga and upper Don regions (Russia)
The dataset contains information on 6400 occurrences (one species in a definite place at a definite time) of 394290 specimens encompasing 56 species made over the past 30 years (1990-2020). The study area is about 280000 km2.
Fish were caught by various types of fishing gear (fry drag, seine nets, frame nets, gillnets with different mesh sizes, float and bottom fishing rods, spinning). The surveyed stream reaches were 200-500 m long and 3-10 m wide. The determination took place directly at the place of capture or fish were fixed in a 10% formalin and the determination was carried out in a laboratories (Mordovia State Nature Reserve, Oka Nature Reserve, Galichya Gora Nature Reserve and Nizhny Novgoros branch of the State Research Institute on Lake and River Fisheries). About 2-3% speciments was stored in the collection of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve.
Each observation contained fundamental information, such as location (coordinates), date, name of water bodies, name of observer and name of identifier. A large part of the coordinates was determined directly on site with the help of a GPS device. In other cases,
The dataset contains data on fish occurrences within the territory of 15 Russian regions: the Republic of Mordovia, the Chuvash Republic, the Republic of Mari-El, Vladimir, Ryazan, Tula, Tambov, Penza, Ulyanovsk, Oryol, Voronezh, Kursk, Saratov, Ulyanovsk and Nizhny Novgorod Regions. The main observations are concentrated in the Don basin above Voronezh, in the middle reaches of the Oka basin, the Moksha basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Sura river (Fig.
The study area is located on the East European Plain. In the east, there is Volga Upland with maximum heights of up to 350 m above sea level and in the West, there is Central Russian Upland (up to 300 m above sea level). Between, there is the Oksko-Don Plain (up to 180 m above sea level). Minimum heights of the study area are the Don in Voronezh (90 m) and the Volga in Nizhny Novgorod (70 m). The territory is located in the temperate climate zone. The total duration of the period with average daily air temperature below feezing point is 140-150 days per year. The study area is divided into two different basins - the Black Sea basin (Don River watershed) and the basin of the inland Caspian Sea (Volga River watershed). All rivers of the region are typically lowland and belong to the East European type. Its main characteristic is seasonal flow, such as distinct spring floods, relatively low summer and winter water levels, as well as increased run-off in autumn. In summer, sometimes the water level rises as a result of heavy rain. The rivers have a mixed supply, snowmelt, which accounts for most of the annual run-off, as well as from precipitation and groundwater. The vast majority of the lakes are oxbows. Most of them are located in the Oka-Don lowland. In the north (mainly in the Nizhny Novgorod Region in the Piana and Tesha watershed), there is a small number of karst lakes. There are also a small number of aeolian and suffosion lakes. Ponds were formed on many rivers after the construction of dams (
51.89 and 57.421 Latitude; 37.441 and 48.999 Longitude.
Taxonomic diversity of the study area is represented by 56 species (55 ray-finned fishes and one lamprey species) belonging to 16 families of nine orders. Given the scale of focused research on fauna, this is an almost exhaustive list of species that form natural self-reproducing populations.
May 1990 through to May 2020
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 Licence.
Published and unpublished author's data on fish occurrence in middle Volga and upper Don regions (Russia)
Column label | Column description |
---|---|
occurrenceID | The Globally Unique Identifier number for the recored |
basisOfRecord | The specific nature of the data record: HumanObservation |
eventDate | date format as YYYY-MM-DD |
year | Year of the event was recorded |
month | The month of the event was recorded |
day | The integer day of the month on which the Event occurred |
scientificName | The full scientific name including the genus name and the lowest level of taxonomic rank with the authority |
kingdom | The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the taxon is classified |
decimalLatitude | The geographic latitude of location in decimal degrees |
decimalLongitude | The geographic longitude of location in decimal degrees |
geodeticDatum | The geodetic datum for coordinates: WGS84 |
country | The name of the country (Russia) |
identifiedBy | A list of names of people, who assigned the Taxon to the subject |
recordedBy | A person or group responsible for recording the original Occurrence |
associatedReferences | Bibliographic reference of literature associated with the Occurrence |
waterBody | The name of the water body in which the Location occurs |
This dataset provides reliable records that contribute to increasing knowledge on the distribution of fish species on middle Volga and upper Don regions. The dataset contains information on 6400 occurrences of 56 species that form self-reproducing populations (
Taxonomic composition of the dataset, number of observations and individuals. Taxonomy follows
Taxa | Number of observations | Number of speciments |
Cephalaspidomorphi | ||
Petromyzontiformes | ||
Petromyzontidae | ||
Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931) | 18 | 23 |
Actinopterygii | ||
Acipenseriformes | ||
Acipenseridae | ||
Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 | 12 | 32 |
Cypriniformes | ||
Acheilognathidae | ||
Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) | 248 | 47860 |
Cobitidae | ||
Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925 | 95 | 531 |
Cobitis sp. | 11 | 92 |
Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 | 205 | 1262 |
Cobitis tanaitica Băcescu & Mayer, 1969 | 2 | 3 |
Misgurnus fossilis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 37 | 232 |
Sabanejewia aurata (De Filippi, 1863) | 3 | 17 |
Sabanejewia baltica Witkowski, 1994 | 22 | 216 |
Cyprinidae | ||
Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) | 57 | 917 |
Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) | 202 | 4771 |
Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 | 36 | 2628 |
Gobionidae | ||
Gobio brevicirris Fowler, 1976 | 102 | 7804 |
Gobio volgensis Vasil’eva, Mendel, Vasil’ev, Lusk & Lusková, 2008 | 307 | 10066 |
Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) | 13 | 193 |
Romanogobio albipinnatus (Lukasch, 1933) | 102 | 8904 |
Leuciscidae | ||
Abramis ballerus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 23 | 2372 |
Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) | 164 | 19154 |
Alburnoides rossicus Berg, 1924 | 94 | 3035 |
Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 446 | 50049 |
Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) | 1 | 1 |
Ballerus sapa (Pallas, 1814) | 27 | 129 |
Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus, 1758) | 193 | 21905 |
Chondrostoma variabile Yakovlev, 1870 | 48 | 2581 |
Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel, 1843) | 296 | 29988 |
Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus, 1758) | 84 | 522 |
Leuciscus danilewskii (Kessler 1877) | 20 | 494 |
Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 175 | 1348 |
Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 331 | 20571 |
Leuciscus sp. | 5 | 214 |
Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 12 | 79 |
Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 82 | 21391 |
Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas, 1814) | 39 | 3744 |
Rutilus frisii (Nordmann, 1840) | 6 | 1225 |
Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 580 | 69016 |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 158 | 7194 |
Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 315 | 10655 |
Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) | 34 | 1334 |
Nemacheilidae | ||
Barbatula barbatula (Linnaeus, 1758) | 298 | 3494 |
Tincidae | ||
Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) | 48 | 202 |
Esociformes | ||
Esocidae | ||
Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 | 424 | 4486 |
Gadiformes | ||
Lotidae | ||
Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758) | 78 | 183 |
Perciformes | ||
Gobiidae | ||
Benthophilus stellatus (Sauvage 1874) | 2 | 15 |
Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814) | 48 | 862 |
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) | 7 | 110 |
Proterorhinus marmoratus (Pallas 1814) | 36 | 826 |
Odontobutidae | ||
Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 | 175 | 8683 |
Percidae | ||
Gymnocephalus acerina (Gmelin, 1789) | 4 | 336 |
Gymnocephalus cernua (Linnaeus, 1758) | 171 | 5685 |
Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 | 449 | 16634 |
Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758) | 29 | 217 |
Sander volgensis (Gmelin, 1789) | 1 | 1 |
Salmoniformes | ||
Salmonidae | ||
Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 | 1 | 1 |
Scorpaeniformes | ||
Cottidae | ||
Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov, 1907 | 6 | 24 |
Siluriformes | ||
Siluridae | ||
Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758 | 18 | 30 |
All authors contributed equally to the data collection. The first author wrote the manuscript with the contribution of all authors.