Biodiversity Data Journal :
Taxonomy & Inventories
|
Corresponding author: Cristina Stancă-Moise (cristinamoise1@yahoo.com), George Moise (georgemoise@yahoo.com)
Academic editor: Shinichi Nakahara
Received: 12 Dec 2022 | Accepted: 02 Jan 2023 | Published: 09 Jan 2023
© 2023 Cristina Stancă-Moise, George Moise, Tom Brereton, Mirela Stanciu
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Stancă-Moise C, Moise G, Brereton T, Stanciu M (2023) New information of the biodiversity of the nymphalid family (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) species collected in Romania’s fauna between 1887–1984. Biodiversity Data Journal 11: e98737. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e98737
|
|
This paper complements the data published thus far about species of the nymphalid family with data collected in Romania’s eight regions between 1887 and 1984 and elsewhere in Europe (Austria, Germany, Croația, the Republic of Moldova, Serbia and Switzerland), including the date and the site of original collection. For the first time, this research presents the collecting information of the species held in the entomological collection of the Museum of Natural History in Sibiu. It identifies the species of the nymphalid family in six of the museum’s lepidoptera collections. These collections are of extraordinary interest not least because they are associated with natural scientists of European renown, such as Daniel Czekelius, Eugen Worell, Viktor Weindel, Rolf Weirauch, Heinrich Hann von Hannenheim and Eckbert Schneider. The analysis, cataloguing, centralisation and updating of the nomenclature resulted in a number of 1,865 specimens from 49 species and fifteen genera (of the 90 referenced in Romania’s fauna): Aglais, Apatura, Araschnia, Argynnis, Brenthis, Boloria, Euphydryas, Inachis, Issoria, Libythea, Limenitis, Melitaea, Neptis, Nymphalis and Polygonia. Data published in a previous article add 101 specimens from the Vanessa genus.
Most species originate regionally from the nine counties of Transylvania followed by Oltenia and Moldova (three counties each), Banat and Dobrogea (two counties each), Crișana, Satu Mare and Muntenia (one county each) and the capital of Romania, Bucharest. The species presented in this paper also include the extinct taxon Polygonia egea (Cramer, 1775), Eugen Worrell collection and three species that are endemic to Romania: Melitaea retyezatica Diöszeghy, 1930, Argynnis pandora dacica Hormuzaki, 1892, Daniel Czekelius collection and Boloria pales ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) carpathomeridionalis Crosson et Popescu-Gorj, 1963, both in the Viktor Weindel collection.
butterfly, conservation, collections, endemic, Museum of Natural History in Sibiu
Tracing the historical evolution of butterflies from the nymphalid family requires updating the information on the species’ long-term collection. Updating this information allows ascertaining in how far environmental and anthropogenic factors (
The Museum was founded by German-speaking Transylvanian-Saxon entomologists who collected material in the city of Sibiu, its surroundings, neighbouring regions and other Transylvanian locations (
The material evaluated in this paper consists of specimens collected in Romania’s eight regions between 1887 and 1984. The analysis has also identified specimens collected in Austria, Germany, Croatia, Switzerland, the Republic of Moldova and Serbia. The species’ nomenclature was reviewed by using the actual identification keys as following (
Abbreviations:
Collectors: Daniel Czekelius (DC), Eugen Worell (EW), Viktor Weindel (VW), Rolf Weirauch (RW), Heinrich Hann von Hannenheim (HH), Eckbert Schneider (ES).
Romanian regions: Banat (BT), Crișana (CR), Oltenia (OT), Muntenia (MT), Moldova (MD), Dobrogea (DB), Satu Mare (SM), Transilvania (TR)
Romania’s counties: Arad (AR), Alba (AB), Bistrița-Năsăud (BN), Brașov (BV), Caraș-Severin (CS), Cluj (CJ), Constanța (CT), Covasna (Cv), Galați (GL), Gorj (GJ), Harghita (HR), Hunedoara (HD), Ilfov (IF), Maramureș (MM), Mehedinți (MH), Mureș (MS), Neamț (NT), Satu Mare (SM), Sibiu (SB), Timiș (TM), Tulcea (TL), Vâlcea (VL), Vrancea (VN), București (B).
European countries: Austria (AU), Croația (HR), Germany (GE), Republic of Moldova (RMO), Serbia (RS), Switzerland (CH).
The conservation status: Extinct (EX), Critically endangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), Near threatened (NT), Least concern (LC), Endemic (EN).
EN
RO
ES
RO, AU, RMO
RO, AU
RO
RO
RO
RO
DC, EW, VW
RO
RO, AU
DC, EW, VW, ES
RO
DC
OUG 57/2007: 4B; IUCN: LC (
RO
DC, EW, VW
RO
DC
RO
VU
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
VW, HH
RO, RMO
RO, RMO
RO, RMO
HR
RO, GE
RO
DC
RO
RO
DC
RO
RO
IUCN: LC (
ONG 57/2007: 3, 4A, DH: II, IV; IUCN: LC (
RO
ONG 57/2007: 3, 4A, DH: II, IV, IUCN: DD (
RO
RO
ONG 57/2007: 3, 4A, DH: II (
RO
RO
RO, RMO
RO, RMO
RO, AU
RO
RO
RO
RMO
RO
RO, RS
RO, RMO
RO
RO
RO
DC
RO
DC
RO
AU
RO
DC
RO
RO
DC
RO
RO
RO
RO, CH
DC, EW,
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
RO
EW
The analysis of the six collections of lepidoptera under scrutiny in this article focused on 1,865 specimens collected between 1887 and 1984 and identified 49 species and subspecies of the 90 mentioned in Romania’s fauna (
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Argynnis Fabricius, 1807 |
Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1911-1930 |
Brașov, Cisnădioara, Hodod, Păltiniș, Porumbacu, Retezat Mountain, Sibiu |
DC, Diószeghy, Kiss, Prall |
BV, SM, SB, Southern Carpathians |
SM, TR |
16 |
NT |
Argynnis pandora ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
no data |
Cisnădioara, Porumbacu, Sibiu |
DC, Prall |
SB |
TR |
4 |
VU |
|
Argynnis (Speyeria) aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1911-1930 |
Borsec, Colibița, Păltiniș |
DC, Műller |
BN, HR, SB |
TR |
7 |
LC |
|
Argynnis adippe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1906-1909 |
Bistrița, Brașov, Cisnădioara, Fedeleș, Hohod, Păltiniș, Mureș, Rodna, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
BN, BV, MS, SB |
TR |
14 |
NT |
|
Argynnis (Fabriciana) niobe (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1904-1921 |
Borsec, Turnu Roșu |
DC |
HR, SB |
TR |
3 |
NT |
|
Argynnis niobe ab. pelopia Borkhausen, 1788 |
no data |
Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
1 |
NT |
|
Argynnis laodice (Pallas, 1771) |
1908 |
Cibin, Hodod, Micăsasa |
DC |
SM, SB |
SM, TR |
4 |
EN |
|
Argynnis eris Meigen, 1829 |
1921 |
Bazna |
DC |
SB |
TR |
5 |
EN |
|
Argynnis latonia ab. hungarica Aigner-Abafi, 1906 |
no data |
Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
1 |
LC |
|
Issoria Hűbner, 1819 |
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1911-1934 |
Borsec, Sibiu, Retezat Mountain, Tălmaciu, Hodod |
DC, Kiss |
HR, SM, SB |
SM, TR |
6 |
LC |
Brenthis, Hűbner, 1819 |
Brenthis ino Rottemburg, 1775 |
1912-1928 |
Sfântu Gheorghe, Pleeshortalgy (?) |
DC, Tiltsdur |
CV |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Brenthis daphne ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
no data |
Hodod |
Kiss |
SM |
SM |
3 |
VU |
|
Boloria Moore, 1900 (Clossiana), Moore, 1900 |
Boloria euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1908-1911 |
Brașov, Fedeleș, Vâlcele, Borsec |
DC, Deubel |
BV, HR, Eastern Carpathians |
TR |
7 |
VU |
Boloria selene ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1887-1911 |
DC, Kiss |
SB |
TR |
5 |
NT |
||
Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) |
1910-1922 |
Bazna, Sibiu, Șura Mică, Tălmaciu |
DC, Kiss |
SB |
TR |
6 |
LC |
|
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
no data |
Păltiniș, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
SB |
TR |
4 |
LC |
Aglais Dalman, 1816 |
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1891-1932 |
Fedeleș, Hodod, Sibiu, Retezat Mountain |
DC, Kimakowics, Kiss |
BV, SM, SB |
SM, TR |
12 |
NT |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1908-1927 |
Hodod, Micăsasa, Sibiu, Retezat Mountain, Brașov |
DC, Deubel, Dioszeghy, Kiss, Prall |
SB, BV, SM, Southern Carpathians |
SM, TR |
16 |
NT |
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1922 |
Copșa Mică, Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
3 |
NT |
Araschnia levana f. porima Ochsenheimer, 1807 |
1912 |
Sfântu Gheorghe |
Miklos Tűtscher |
CV |
TR |
1 |
NT |
|
Araschnia levana f. prorsa Linnaeus, 1758 |
1908 |
Konzeshova (?) |
DC |
no data |
no data |
2 |
NT |
|
Araschnia levana f. intermedia Stichel, 1906 |
1908 |
Brașov, Sibiu |
DC |
SB, BV |
TR |
3 |
NT |
|
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1909 |
Festebsch (?) |
no data |
no data |
no data |
2 |
VU |
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1887-1923 |
Sibiu |
DC, Kiss, Borz3 N (?) |
SB |
TR |
6 |
EN |
|
Nymphalis xanthomelas ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
no data |
Păltiniș, Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
3 |
CR |
|
Nymphalis vaualbum ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1912 |
Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
3 |
CR |
|
Euphydryas, Scudder, 1872 |
Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) |
no data |
Hodod, Sibiu |
Deuber, Kiss |
SM, SB |
SM, TR |
4 |
VU |
Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
no data |
Sibiu, Șura Mică |
DC |
SB |
TR |
3 |
EN |
|
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1907 |
Cluj, Hodod, Ocna Sibiului, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss, Műller, Prall |
CJ, SM, SB |
SM, TR |
8 |
NT |
Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1911 |
Bistrița, Borsec, Sibiu, Ocna Sibiului |
Alberti, DC, Kiss |
BN, HR, SB |
TR |
9 |
NT |
|
Melitaea trivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
no data |
Ocna Sibiului, Sâmbăta, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
BV, SB |
TR |
4 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1909-1912 |
Bâlea, Cluj-Napoca, Hodod, Rășinari, Brașov, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss, Műller |
BV, CJ, SM, SB |
SM, TR |
17 |
LC |
|
Melitaea dictynna Esper, 1778 |
1901-1928 |
Sibiu, Plecska (?) |
DC |
SB |
TR |
4 |
VU |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 |
1911-1930 |
Bazna, Borsec, Brașov, Ocna Sibiului, Sibiu |
DC |
BV, HR, SB |
TR |
12 |
VU |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1904-1934 |
Bâlea, Brașov, Gușterița, Hodod, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
BV, SM, SB |
SM, TR |
26 |
NT |
|
Melitaea diamina alpestris Fruhstorfer, 1917 |
no data |
Hodod, Arpaș |
DC, Kiss |
SM, SB |
SM, TR |
3 |
NT |
|
Melitaea nana Rehfons, 1910 sin. Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
no data |
Lands (?), Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Melitaea parthenie Godart, 1822 sin. Melitaea parthenoides Keferstein, 1851 |
no data |
Hodod |
Kiss |
SM |
SM |
1 |
VU |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) f. Melitaea retyezatica Diöszeghy, 1930 |
1919-1922 |
Retezat Mountain |
Diöszeghy |
Southern Carpathians |
TR |
9 |
Endemic |
|
Melitaea athalia dictynnoides Hormuzaki, 1898 |
no data |
Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
4 |
NT |
|
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807 |
Limenitis populi, (Linnaeus, 1758) |
no data |
Păltiniș |
DC |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Limenitis ab. tremulae Esper, 1800 |
1922 |
Păltiniș, Retezat Mountain |
DC |
SB, Southern Carpathians |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Limenitis camilla Linnaeus, 1764 |
1915 |
Păltiniș, Cheile Turzii |
DC, Műller |
SB, CJ |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis aceris sensu Lhomme, 1924 |
1911-1929 |
Bran, Șura Mare, Retezat Mountain, Sibiu, Tălmaciu, Hodod |
DC, Diöszeghy, Kiss |
BV, SM, SB, Southern Carpathians |
SM, TR |
10 |
VU |
Neptis lucilla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) sin. Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) |
1915-1924 |
Borsec, Păltiniș, Slimnic |
DC, Műller |
HR, SB |
TR |
4 |
NT |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1928-1929 |
Greliesei (?), Cluj |
Peterfi |
CJ |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Apatura v. clytie ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1909-1933 |
Gușterița, Hodod, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
SM, SB |
SM, TR |
4 |
VU |
|
Apatura ab. eos rossi Rossi, 1794 |
no data |
Sibiu |
DC |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1925-1926 |
Păltiniș, Hodod, Râu Sadului, Sibiu |
DC, Kiss |
SM, SB |
SM, TR |
5 |
VU |
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Argynnis Fabricius, 1807 |
Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1932-1957 |
Carinthia Plocken, Chișinău, Sibiu, Lintz |
Kolar EW |
SB, Chișinău, Tirol |
TR, RMO, AU |
4 |
NT |
Argynnis paphia f. valensina [Esper, 1798] |
1932-1953 |
Carinthia, Cozia, Eforie Sud, Ocna Sibiului, Sibiu |
EW Kolar |
CT, SB |
DB, TR, AU |
23 |
NT |
|
Argynnis pandora ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1948 |
Cozia Montain |
EW |
VL |
OT |
7 |
VU |
|
Argynnis pandora dacica Hormuzaki, 1892 |
1930-1931 |
Tecuci, Retezat Mountain |
Alexinschi Dioszegy |
GL, Southern Carpathians |
MD |
3 |
VU |
|
Argynnis (Speyeria) aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1935-1953 |
Băile Herculane, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
EW |
CS, SB |
BT, TR |
13 |
LC |
|
Argynnis (Fabriciana) adippe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1933-1952 |
Brașov, Cisnădioara, Măgura Cisnădiei, Gușterița, Sibiu |
EW |
BV, SB |
TR |
18 |
NT |
|
Argynnis niobe (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1921-1948 |
Bazna, Păltiniș Sibiu, Salsburg, Schlenken |
EW |
SB |
TR, AU |
12 |
NT |
|
Argynnis laodice (Pallas, 1771) |
1938-1953 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
17 |
EN |
|
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1936-1953 |
Chișinău |
EW |
Chișinău |
RMO |
11 |
LC |
Aglais Dalman, 1816 |
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1937 |
Chișinău |
EW |
Chișinău |
RMO |
13 |
NT |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1936-1952 |
Chișinău, Ocna Sibiului, Sibiu |
EW |
SB, Chișinău |
RMO |
17 |
NT |
Polygonia egea (Cramer, 1775) |
1910 |
Pola Istrien |
EW |
- |
HR |
3 |
EX |
|
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1930 |
Salisberg |
EW |
- |
GE |
2 |
NT |
Araschnia prorsa Linnaeus, 1758 |
1924-1957 |
Sibiu, Sighișoara |
EW |
SB, MS |
TR |
11 |
NT |
|
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1934-1955 |
Cisnădioara, Sibiu, Turnișor Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
14 |
VU |
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1888-1953 |
Sibiu |
Umgebung EW |
SB |
TR |
13 |
EN |
|
Nymphalis xanthomelas ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1939 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
3 |
CR |
|
Euphydryas, Scudder, 1872 |
Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1935-1942 |
Băile Herculane |
EW |
CS |
BT |
5 |
VU |
Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1905 |
Râșnov |
EW |
BV |
TR |
3 |
EN |
|
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1936-1983 |
Sibiu, Băile Herculane, Cernica |
EW |
CS, IF, SB |
BT, MT, TR |
15 |
NT |
Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1931-1939 |
Eforie Sud, Techirgiol, Sighișoara, Chișinău, Sibiu, Gușterița |
EW |
Chișinău, CT, MS, SB |
DB, TR, RMO |
11 |
NT |
|
Melitaea trivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1935-1954 |
Gușterița, Sibiu, Chișinău |
EW |
SB, Chișinău |
TR, RMO |
34 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1938-1939 |
Gușterița, Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
LC |
|
Melitaea didyma alpina Staudinger, 1861 |
1938-1957 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
10 |
VU |
|
Melitaea didyma meridionalis Staudinger, 1870 |
1945-1953 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
10 |
VU |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nieckerl, 1850 |
1920-1956 |
Sibiu, Sighișoara |
DC, EW |
SB, MS |
TR |
7 |
VU |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1927-1953 |
Bularda, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
EW Alexinschi |
SB, Chișinău |
TR, RMO |
24 |
NT |
|
Melitaea athalia mehadiensis Gerhard, 1822 |
1938-1942 |
Băile Herculane |
EW |
CS |
BT |
4 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didymoides Eversmann, 1847 sin. Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1934-1939 |
Buciumeni, Bularda |
EW |
GL, Chișinău |
RMO, MD |
4 |
VU |
|
Melitaea dictynna Esper, 1778 sin. Melitaea diamina (Lang, 1789) |
1930-1956 |
Sibiu, Sighișoara, Tismana |
EW |
GJ, MS, SB |
OT TR |
10 |
VU |
|
Melitaea parthenie Godart, 1822 sin. Melitaea parthenoides Keferstein, 1851 |
1926-1953 |
Sibiu, Kaiserstuhl (?) |
EW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Melitaea parthenie var. varia Meyer-Dűr, 1851 |
1927-1930 |
Tirol Rotmoostal, Tirol Gaisbergatal |
Holik |
Tirol |
AU |
2 |
VU |
|
Melitaea asteria Freyer, 1828 |
1938-1958 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
9 |
VU |
|
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807 |
Limenitis populi, (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1950 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Limenitis ab. tremulae Esper, 1800 |
1962 |
Băile Herculane |
EW |
CS |
BT |
2 |
VU |
|
Limenitis camilla Linnaeus, 1764 |
1905-1939 |
Băile Herculane, Sibiu, Pontresina |
EW |
CS |
BT, TR CH |
7 |
VU |
|
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) |
1936 |
Băile Herculane |
EW |
CS |
BT |
6 |
NT |
Neptis lucilla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1936-1952 |
Băile Herculane, Sibiu |
EW |
CS |
BT, TR |
26 |
NT |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura metis Freyer, 1829 |
no data |
no data |
no data |
no data |
no data |
2 |
VU |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1939-1959 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
6 |
VU |
|
Apatura ilia eos Rossi, 1794 |
1938 |
Sibiu |
EW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1927-1956 |
Palamea, Sibiu, Șercaia |
EW |
BV, SB |
TR |
5 |
VU |
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Argynnis Fabricius, 1807 |
Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1956 |
Cisnădie, Borsec, Cheile Bicazului, Ghiorghieni, Râu Vadului |
VW |
SB, HR, NT |
TR |
17 |
NT |
Argynnis pandora ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1904-1955- |
Cisnădioara, Sibiu, Râu Vadului, Cozia |
VW |
SB, VL |
OT, TR |
4 |
VU |
|
Argynnis (Speyeria) aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1954 |
Borsec, Cisnădioara, Colibița, Gușterița, Sibiu |
VW |
BN, HR, SB |
TR |
14 |
LC |
|
Argynnis (Fabriciana) adippe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1903-1956 |
Cisnădie, Gușterița, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
7 |
NT |
|
Argynnis adippe f. cleodoxa Ochsenheimer, 1816 |
1906-1956 |
Cisnădie, Gușterița, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
8 |
NT |
|
Argynnis (Fabriciana) niobe (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1904-1922 |
Cârțișoara, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
4 |
NT |
|
Argynnis laodice (Pallas, 1771) |
1907-1921 |
Cisnădioara, Gușterița, Saschiz |
VW |
SB |
TR |
3 |
EN |
|
Issoria Hűbner, 1819 |
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1958 |
Gușterița, Borsec, Cisnădie, Păltiniș, Cozia, Paltin, Râu Vadului |
VW |
SB |
TR |
14 |
LC |
Brenthis Hűbner, 1819 |
Brenthis ino Rottemburg, 1775 |
1921 |
Borsec |
VW |
HR |
TR |
4 |
VU |
Brenthis daphne ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1954-1956 |
Păltiniș, Râu Vadului |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
|
Brenthis hecate ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1920-1956 |
Gușterița, Saschiz |
VW |
SB |
TR |
6 |
VU |
|
Boloria Moore, 1900 |
Boloria euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1904-1956 |
Cisnădie, Șura Mică, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
10 |
VU |
Boloria selene ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1903-1956 |
Cisnădioara, Gușterița, Șura Mică |
VW |
SB |
TR |
12 |
NT |
|
Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) |
1904-1958 |
Borsec, Cisnădioara, Gușterița, Păltiniș, Șura Mică, Râu Vadului |
VW |
SB |
TR |
23 |
LC |
|
Boloria pales ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) carpathomeridionalis Crosson et Popescu-Gorj, 1963 |
1957 |
Suru |
VW |
Făgăraș Mountain |
TR |
5 |
VU Endemic |
|
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1904-1952 |
Cisnădie, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
14 |
LC |
Aglais Dalman, 1816 |
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1930 |
Gușterița, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
10 |
NT |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1904-1956 |
Borsec, Cisnădie, Cisnădioara, Cozia, Gușterița, Păltiniș, Sadu, Râu Vadului |
VW |
HR, VL, SB |
OT, TR |
20 |
NT |
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
- |
Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
NT |
Araschnia levana f. prorsa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1958 |
Borsec, Colibița, Ghiorghieni, Păltiniș, Sibiu, Râu Sadului |
VW |
BN, HR, SB |
TR |
14 |
NT |
|
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1905-1955 |
Cisnădioara, Gușterița, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
VW |
VL, SB |
OT, TR |
24 |
VU |
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1903-1952 |
Gușterița, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
10 |
EN |
|
Nymphalis xanthomelas ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1904 |
Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
CR |
|
Nymphalis vaualbum ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1908-1922 |
Cisnădie, Păltiniș |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
CR |
|
Euphydryas Scudder, 1872 |
Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1920 |
Saschiz |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
EN |
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1956 |
Șura Mică, Târnăvioara |
VW |
SB |
TR |
5 |
NT |
Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1903-1956 |
Gușterița, Sebeș, Sibiu |
VW |
AB, SB |
TR |
8 |
NT |
|
Melitaea trivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1920-1958 |
Gușterița, Prislop, Tălmaciu, Târnăvioara |
VW |
SB |
TR |
14 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1903-1956 |
Cisnădioara, Cisnădie, Gușterița, Paltin, Turnu Roșu, Râul Vadului, Tâmpa |
DC VW |
BV, SB |
TR |
33 |
LC |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1903-1956 |
Borsec, Cisnădie, Cisnădioara, Colibița, Cozia, Cheile Bicazului, Șura Mică |
DC VW |
BN, HR, NT, SB, VL |
MD, OT, TR, RS |
37 |
NT |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 |
1907-1955 |
Gușterița, Viile Sibiului, Polja |
DC VW |
SB |
TR, RS |
13 |
VU |
|
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807 |
Limenitis populi, (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1904-1954 |
Cheile Bicazului, Sibiu |
VW |
HR, NT, SB |
TR |
5 |
VU |
Limenitis populi f. tremulae Esper, 1798 |
no data |
no data |
no data |
no data |
no data |
1 |
VU |
|
Limenitis camilla (Linnaeus, 1964) |
1954 |
Cheile Bicazului, Colibița |
VW |
BN, HR, NT |
TR |
7 |
VU |
|
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) |
1904-1957 |
Făgăraș, Sibiu |
VW |
BV, SB |
TR |
6 |
NT |
Neptis rivularis ludmila Nordmann, 1851 |
1921-1954 |
Borsec, Tușnad |
VW |
HR, NT |
TR |
3 |
NT |
|
Neptis sappho Pallas, 1771 |
1907-1956 |
Gușterița, Șura Mică, Râu Vadului |
VW |
SB |
TR |
6 |
VU |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1904 |
Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Apatura clytie ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1904-1905 |
Cisnădioara, Sibiu |
VW |
SB |
TR |
3 |
VU |
|
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1904-1954 |
Cisnădie, Colibița, Gheorghieni, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
VW |
BN, HR, SB |
TR |
9 |
VU |
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Issoria Hübner, 1819 |
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1963 |
Apoldul de Sus, Bărcaciu, Cisnădioara, Tălmaciu, Sibiu, Șopa |
HH |
SB |
TR |
6 |
LC |
Brenthis Hűbner, 1819 |
Brenthis hecate ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1928-1956 |
Galeș, Gușterița, Cluj, Sibiu |
HH |
CJ, SB |
TR |
5 |
VU |
Boloria Moore, 1900 |
Boloria euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1964 |
Gușterița, Băile Herculane, Sibiu, Șopa |
HH |
CS, SB |
BT, TR |
6 |
VU |
Boloria selene ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) sin. Boloria selenis (Eversmann, 1837) |
1954-1964 |
Bungard, Gușterița, Sibiu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
8 |
NT |
|
Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) |
1954-1963 |
Gușterița, Obreja, Slimnic, Sibiu, Tălmaciu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
10 |
LC |
|
Boloria pales ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) carprathomeridionalis Crosson et Popescu-Gorj, 1963 |
1963 |
Chica Pietrilor |
HH |
BV |
TR |
3 |
VU |
|
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1957 |
Păltiniș, Sâmbata, Sibiu |
HH |
BV, SB |
TR |
4 |
LC |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1957 |
Gușterița, Păltiniș, Sebeș, Sibiu, Tălmaciu |
HH |
AB, SB |
DB, TR |
13 |
NT |
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1964 |
Gușterița, Slimnic, Sebeș, Sibiu |
HH |
AB, SB |
TR |
9 |
NT |
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1955 |
Păltiniș |
HH |
SB |
TR |
3 |
VU |
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1957 |
Cisnădioara, Gușterița, Slimnic |
HH |
SB |
TR |
3 |
NT |
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1955-1962 |
Apoldul de Sus, Sibiu, Tălmaciu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
8 |
LC |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 |
1956-1965 |
Ocna Sibiului, Gușterița |
HH |
SB |
TR |
6 |
VU |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1954-1958 |
Apoldul de Sus, Gușterița, Sibiu, Tălmaciu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
10 |
NT |
|
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807 |
Limenitis populi (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1963-1964 |
Sibiu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
3 |
VU |
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis aceris sensu Lhomme, 1924 |
1956-1958 |
Sibiu, Tălmaciu |
HH |
SB |
TR |
4 |
VU |
Neptis lucilla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1954-1964 |
Sibiu, Sâmbata |
HH |
BV, SB |
TR |
5 |
NT |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1954-1964 |
Prejmer, Sâmbata, Tușnad |
HH |
BV, HR, SB |
TR |
3 |
VU |
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1954-1964 |
Măgura Cisnădiei, Păltiniș, Sâmbata, Tușnad |
HH |
BV, HR, SB |
TR |
8 |
VU |
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Argynnis Fabricius, 1807 |
Argynnis pandora ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1965-1978 |
Băile Herculane, Băneasa, Canaraua Fetii, Cozia, Hagieni, Iormac, Sibiu |
RW |
CS, CT, VL, B, SB |
DB, OT, TR |
15 |
VU |
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1971 |
Colibița, Cozia, Iormac, Praid, Sibiu, Vlădeasa |
RW |
BN, CT, HR, SB, VL |
DB, OT, TR |
9 |
LC |
Aglais Dalman, 1816 |
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1977 |
Băile Herculane, Păltiniș, Someș, Tușnad, Vlădeasa |
RW |
CS, HR, SB |
BT, TR, Western Carpathians |
8 |
NT |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-аlbum (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1977 |
Covasna, Gârbova, Domogled, Păltiniș, Sibiu |
RW |
CS, CT, CV, GL, SB |
DB, OT, MD, TR |
16 |
NT |
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1975 |
Băile Herculane, Covasna, Gușterița, Lugoj, Porumbacu, Tușnad, Negoi, Sibiu |
RW |
CS, CV, HR, SB, TM |
BT, TR |
31 |
NT |
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1951-1970 |
Colibița, Cozia, Covasna, Lotru, Păltiniș |
RW |
BN, CV, HR, VL, SB |
DB, OT, TR |
10 |
VU |
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1971 |
Canaraua Fetii, Sibiu |
RW |
CT, SB |
DB, TR |
7 |
EN |
|
Nymphalis xanthomelas ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1956 |
Domogled |
RW |
CS |
BT |
4 |
CR |
|
Nymphalis vaualbum ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1942-1970 |
Căprioara, Poiana Mărului |
Pelits, RW, Teleki |
BV, CS |
BT, TR |
3 |
CR |
|
Euphydryas, Scudder, 1872 |
Euphydryas orientalis (Herrich-Schaffer, [1851]) sin. Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1922 |
Battnlta (?) |
no data |
no data |
no data |
2 |
CR |
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1975 |
Băile Herculane, Canaraua Fetii, Domogled, Găneasa, Retezat Mountain |
RW |
CS, CT, IF, Southern Carpathians |
DB, MT |
15 |
NT |
Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1954-1978 |
Băile Herculane, Domogled, Hagieni, Galați |
RW |
CS, CT, GL, MH, GJ |
BT, DB, OT, MD |
24 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didyma Esper, 1778 |
1954-1971 |
Băile Herculane, Domogled, Gușterița, Retezat Mountain, Sibiu, Tușnad |
RW |
CS, MH, GJ, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
18 |
LC |
|
Melitaea didyma occidentalis Staudinger, 1861 |
1943-1962 |
UlrichSBerg Kärnten/Karintia |
Thurner |
- |
AU |
2 |
VU |
|
Melitaea dictynna Esper, 1778 sin. Melitaea diamina (Lang, 1789)] |
1955-1977 |
Sadu, Someșu Rece |
RW |
CJ, SB |
TR |
4 |
VU |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 |
1952-1963 |
Băile Herculane |
RW |
CS |
BT |
5 |
VU |
|
Melitaea britomartis Assmann, 1847 |
1956-1974 |
Băile Herculane |
RW |
CS |
BT |
6 |
NT |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1950-1977 |
Avrig, Băile Herculane, Buila Vânturarița, Hagieni, Praid, Tușnad, Valea Vinului, Gioagiu, Someșul Rece |
RW |
BN, CS, CJ, CT, HR, HD, VL |
BT, DB, OT, TR |
12 |
NT |
|
Melitaea nevadensis Oberthür, 1904 |
1956-1967 |
Băile Herculane, Domogled |
RW |
CS, MH, GJ |
BT, OT |
15 |
NT |
|
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807 |
Limenitis populi (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1954-1964 |
Ceahlău, Hoghilag, Obreja, Tușnad |
RW |
CS, HR, SB |
BT, TR, Eastern Carpathians |
4 |
VU |
Limenitis populi f. tremulae Esper, 1798 |
1964-1976 |
Băile Herculane, Domogled |
RW |
CS, MH, GJ |
BT, OT |
4 |
VU |
|
Limenitis camilla (Linnaeus, 1764) |
1954-1967 |
Domogle, Tușnad |
RW |
CS, HR, GJ, MH |
BT, OT, TR |
7 |
VU |
|
Limenitis reducta Staudinger, 1901 |
1961-1971 |
Domogled, Miercurea Băi |
RW |
CS, MH, GJ, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
4 |
EN |
|
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis sappho [Pallas, 1771] |
1963-1969 |
Băile Herculane, Domogled, Sibiu |
RW |
CS, MH, GJ, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
6 |
VU |
Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) |
1954-1974 |
Gușterița, Domogled, Someș |
RW |
CS, CJ, GJ, MH, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
9 |
NT |
|
Neptis lucilla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) syn. Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763)] |
1962-1974 |
Gușterița, Domogled, Someș |
RW |
CS, CJ, GJ, MH, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
9 |
NT |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1971 |
Canaraua Fetii |
RW |
CT |
DB |
1 |
VU |
Apatura clytie ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1953-1963 |
Băile Herculane, Tușnad |
RW |
CS, HR |
BT, TR |
8 |
VU |
Genus |
Species |
Collection period |
Collection site |
Legit |
County |
Region |
Specimens |
Status |
Libythea Fabricius, 1807 |
Libythea celtis (Laicharting, 1782) |
1949 |
Băile Herculane |
ES |
CS |
BT |
1 |
EN |
Argynnis Fabricius, 1807 |
Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1952-1978 |
Agnita, Lotrioara, Laita, Hamba, Mailat, Sighișoara, Sibiel, Sibiu, Zarand |
ES |
AR, BV, MS, SB, Western Carpathians |
BT, CR, TR |
13 |
NT |
Argynnis pandora ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1954- 1979 |
Bestepe, Bruiu, Măcin, Hagieni, CA Rosetti, Sibiu |
ES |
CT, SB, TL |
DB, TR |
8 |
VU |
|
Argynnis (Speyeria) aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1973-1982 |
Hamba, Șura Mare, Cerna, Laita, Porumbacu |
ES |
BV, CS, MH, GJ, SB |
BT, OT, TR |
7 |
LC |
|
Argynnis (Fabriciana) niobe, (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1952-1984 |
Agnita, Cisnădie, Gușterița, Tomnatic, Beja, Șura Mare, Slimnic, Sighișoara, Tălmaciu, Zarand |
ES |
SB, HD, MS, TM, Western Carpathians |
BT, TR |
16 |
NT |
|
Issoria Hűbner, 1819 |
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1967 |
Iortmac, Slimnic, Șiria, Sibiu, Turda |
ES |
AR, CJ, CT, SB |
CR, DB, TR |
12 |
LC |
Brenthis Hűbner, 1819 |
Brentis daphne ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1956-1960 |
Sibiu, Zarandului Mountain |
ES |
Western Carpathians |
TR |
8 |
VU |
Brentis hecate ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1949-1976 |
Agărbiciu, Buia, Bruiu, Nocrich, Făget, Cincu, Gușterița, Șeica Mare, Șura Mare, Târnava |
ES |
CJ, SB |
TR |
16 |
VU |
|
Boloria Moore, 1900 |
Boloria euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1955-1969 |
Cozia, Rodna |
ES |
BN, VL, Eastern Carpathians |
OT, TR |
4 |
VU |
Boloria selene ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1955-1984 |
Axente Sever, Bruiu, Cincu, Cisnadie, Copșa Mică, Hamba, Podu Olt, Porumbacu, Nocrich, Chiș-Chiș, Șura Mare, Slimnic, Rusciori, Porumbacu |
ES |
BV, SB |
TR |
27 |
NT |
|
Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) |
1952-1984 |
Agârbiciu, Avrig, Cincu, Clopotiva, Cluj Napoca, Copșa Mică, Gușterița, Făget, Hagieni, Podu Olt, Râu Vadului, Slimnic, Sibiu, Șiria, Șura Mare, Veseud |
ES |
AR, CJ, CT, HD, VL, SB, |
CR, DB, OT, TR |
36 |
LC |
|
Inachis Hübner, 1819 |
Inachis (Aglais) io (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1960-1976 |
Gușterința, Zarand |
ES |
SB, Western Carpathians |
TR |
2 |
LC |
Aglais Dalman, 1816 |
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1964-1974 |
Hamba, Sibiu, Vrancea |
ES |
SB, VN |
MD, TR |
4 |
NT |
Polygonia Hübner, [1819] |
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1963-1975 |
Brașov, Cincu, Cisnădie, Gușterița, Hamba, Rusciori |
ES |
BV, SB |
TR |
7 |
NT |
Araschnia Hübner, 1819 |
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1967-1981 |
Făgăraș, Gușterița, Podu Olt, Sighișoara, Slimnic, Veștem |
ES |
BV, MS, SB |
TR |
11 |
NT |
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802 |
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1953 |
Sibiu |
ES |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1953-1983 |
Cașolț, Cornățel, Sibiu |
ES |
SB |
TR |
3 |
EN |
|
Euphydryas Scudder, 1872 |
Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1960 |
Chiș-Chiș |
ES |
4 |
VU |
||
Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1960-1982 |
Gherdeal, Șercaia |
ES |
BV, VL |
OT, TR |
5 |
EN |
|
Melitaea Fabricius, 1807 |
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) |
1954-1983 |
Cincu, Cornățel, Gușterița, Nocrich, Făget, Roșia, Șiria, Șura Mare, Slimnic, Sibiu, Saschiz |
ES |
AR, CJ, MS, SB |
CR, TR |
29 |
NT |
Melitaea phoebe ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1952-1975 |
Axente Sever, Sibiu, Viile Sibiului, Nocrich, Făget, Gușterița, Hagieni, Hamba, Clopotiva, Chiș-Chiș, Cincu, Merghindeal, Podu Olt, Zarand |
ES |
CT, SB |
DB, TR, Southern Carpathians |
44 |
NT |
|
Melitaea trivia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1970-1976 |
Axente Sever, Băile Herculane, Gușterița, Hagieni, Nocrich, Orlat, Sibiel, Sibiu, Slimnic, Șura Mare, Veștem |
ES |
CS, CT, SB |
BT, DB, TR |
20 |
NT |
|
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) |
1952-1980 |
Agnita, Băile Herculane, Cenade, Cornățel, Făget, Gușterița, Hamba, Lotrioara, Orlat, Orșova, Podu Olt, Șiria, Slimnic, Șeica Mare, Șura Mare, Veștem |
ES |
AB, AR, CS, CJ, MH, VL, SB |
BT, CR, OT, TR |
55 |
NT |
|
Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 |
1954-1984 |
Aiud, Axente Sever, Cenade, Clopotiva, Bruiu, Gușterița, Fărget, Moșna, Râu Vadului, Roșia, Șiria, Scărița Belioara, Nocrich, Șura Mare, Șeica Mare, Șercaia |
ES |
AB, AR, CJ, BV, HD, VL, SB, Western Carpathians |
CR, OT, TR |
55 |
VU |
|
Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) |
1954-1982 |
Băile Herculane, Cincu, Chiș-Chiș, Feldioara, Fărget, Gusu, Gușterița, Hamba, Mohu, Nocrich, Poplaca, Șercaia |
ES |
BV, CS, CJ, SB |
BT, TR |
23 |
NT |
|
Neptis Fabricius, 1807 |
Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) |
1974-1982 |
Arpășel, Făgăraș, Sibiu |
ES |
BV, SB |
TR |
8 |
NT |
Neptis lucilla ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1958-1974 |
Bejan, Gușterița, Șiria |
ES |
AR, HD, SB |
CR TR |
8 |
NT |
|
Neptis sappho Pallas, 1771 |
1970-1975 |
Bejan, Șeica Mare, Veștem |
ES |
HD, SB |
TR |
6 |
VU |
|
Apatura Fabricius, 1807 |
Apatura ilia ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) |
1968-1970 |
Sibiu, Șeica Mare |
ES |
SB |
TR |
2 |
VU |
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1958) |
1959-1982 |
Băile Herculane, Păltiniș, Șeica Mare |
ES |
CS, SB |
BT, TR |
4 |
VU |
Table
Daniel Czekelius’s collection of lepidoptera is the oldest with specimens collected between 1887 and 1934 in the regions SM and TR, Sibiu County and nearby locations. This collection consists of 14 genera and 49 species represented by a number of 271 specimens (Fig.
Eugen Worell’s collection consists of 394 specimens of 11 genera and 42 species collected between 1888 and 1959 (Fig.
Viktor Weindel’s collection contains 385 specimens of 14 genera and 40 species of butterflies of the nymphalid family (Fig.
The fewest specimens are found in Heinrich Hann von Hannenheim’s collection consisting of 117 specimens distributed in 11 genera and 19 species (Fig.
Rolf Weihrauch’s collection contains 258 specimens distributed in 11 genera and 28 species (Figure 1) collected from 1922 to 1978. The oldest specimen is Euphydryas orientalis (Herrich-Schaffer, [1851]) sin. Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) collected in 1922. The information on the labels is unreadable. The species were collected in BT, DB, OT, MD, MT and TR from the Southern Carpathians, as well as in Austria. All species were determined by the collector whose name appears on all labels. The analysis of their endangerment level is as follows: three taxa CR-10.7%, two taxa EN-7.14%, 11 taxa VU-39.28%, 10 taxa NT-35.73% and two taxa LC-7.14% (Table
The newest is Eckbert Schneider’s collection. It contains 440 specimens of 14 genera and 30 species (Fig.
We present data pertaining to genus diversity, species and existing specimen number present in each collection (Fig.
To facilitate national and international comparison, we present data referring to the distribution of species onsidering the IUCN conservation categories in Fig.
We also present the percentages of the Nymphalid family’s sozological categories in (Fig.
By synthesising the data referring to the six lepidoptera collections (DC, EW, VW, RW, HH and ES), we identified 157 sites where the butterflies of the nymphalid family were collected between 1887 and 1984. The species were collected in all of Romania’s eight regions, from 23 counties and the capital of Bucharest, i.e. on 56.1% of Romania’s territory. I designed a map based on these data that reflects the distribution of species in eight regions whose counties are listed by collector: (1-DC), seven counties, BN, BV, CJ, CV, HR, MS, SB, all in the TR and SM regions, (2-EW), nine counties, BV, CS, CT, GL, GJ, IF, MS, VL, SB, from five of Romania’s regions: BT, DB, OT, MD si TR; (3-VW), seven counties, AB, BN, BV, HR, NT, VL, SB, from three regions: MD, OT, and TR; (4-RW), 16 counties, BN, BV, CJ, CS, CT, CV, GL, GJ, HR, HD, IF, MH, VL, SB, TM and Bucharest, from six of Romania’s regions: BT, DB, MD, MT, OT, TR and Bucharest; (5-HH), six counties, AB, BV, CS, CJ, HR, SB, from two of Romania’s regions: BT and TR; (6-ES), 16 counties, AB, AR, BN, BV, CS, CJ, CT, GJ, HD, MH, MS, VL, SB, TM, TL, VN, from six of Romania’s regions: BT, CR, DB, OT, MD, TR (Fig.
The species collected in other European countries (Austria, Croatia, Switzerland, Germany, the Republic of Moldova and Serbia) were also graphically represented in Fig.
Conclusions
Romania’s territory has a surface of 237,500 km2 that comprises a variety of geographic forms, from Alpine meadows to the Danube Delta’s hydrological profile. They are populated by a diverse fauna of lepidoptera containing over 200 diurnal butterfly species. Romania’s South, especially the South-East and South-West (BT and DB) is the region with the highest diversity of lepidoptera in the country (
The article illustrates the biodiversity of the nymphalid family and their historical evolution in Romania and Europe, thus bringing an important historical, scientific and biogeographic "
I am grateful to Dr. Carmen Stănescu who accompanied me during the documentation and study of the collections in the period 1997-2022 and who helped me in deciphering the labels and obtaining these data. We thank all the reviewers for their valuable suggestions for the scientific improvement of this article.