Northern Eurasia 2022

Data for this checklist comprise references from 345 published sources issued from 1900 to 2021. We also incorporated information on digitised collection specimens from three mycological collections – the mycological part of the Herbarium of M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv (KW-M), the mycological part of the Herbarium of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv (CWU(MYC)) and the mycological collection of Halych National Nature Park, Halych (VM(MYC)) – totalling 5371 specimens. Specimens and references were included based on the following criteria:

1. Taxon belongs to the Order Agaricales (excluding families Clavariaceae, Cyphellaceae, Fistulinaceae, Niaceae, Phelloriniaceae, Pterulaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Stephanosporaceae, Typhulaceae, as well as genera Lycoperdon, Calvatia, Disciseda and other genera comprising taxa with gasteroid, secotioid and cyphelloid fruit bodies) and identified to either species or infraspecific level.
2. Occurrences lie within the official state boundary of Ukraine.
3. Literature source is credible, i.e. authored by recognised mycologists and published in the peer-review scientific literature (journal articles, monographs, conference proceedings).

The largest source of the data was the specimens and literature references available through the online database "Fungi of Ukraine" (Andrianova et al. 2006). The whole database comprises data on more than 52,400 records of fungi and fungus-like protists, covering the vast majority of specimens from the KW-M collection, as well as the records from literature sources published by the year 2000. Since data are not downloadable and no longer accessible in a raw format, they were mined semi-automatically, using a custom Python parser written by Valeria Yakunina, for occurrences and literature references separately. Five thousand and seventy-eight occurrences of gilled Agaricales were then filtered, based on family and genus names. Literature sources published after 2000, as well as the sources not covered by "Fungi of Ukraine", such as the "Handbook of Fungi of Ukraine" (Zerova et al. 1979), were digitised manually by the authors of the dataset. Newer collection specimens from the CWU(MYC) and VM(MYC) collections were digitised manually. Specimens from CWU(MYC) collections have also been uploaded into the PlutoF biodiversity data management system (Abarenkov et al. 2010), where they are stored alongside extended information. If the specimen had been mentioned in one of the digitised literature sources, we treated such cases as a single record to avoid duplications.

For georeferenced records from the "Fungi of Ukraine" database, we converted geographic coordinates provided by the source into a decimal format using the formula "degree + minutes/60 + seconds/3600". Since we have no information about georeferencing protocol which has been used during the data preparation, we left terms describing georeference and coordinate uncertainty empty. Records derived from the recent sources were georeferenced by the authors of the dataset either manually from maps or obtained from GPS coordinates when available. Coordinate uncertainty values were calculated following DarwinCore recommendations and Georeference best practices (Chapman and Wieczorek 2020). For the records for which the source provides location information at a level coarser than a particular protected area (e.g. administrative or natural region of Ukraine or accompanied with the remark "Throughout the territory of Ukraine"), we left all georeferencing terms empty.

To make a list of taxa, we harmonised scientific names, provided by the authors of corresponding publications and/or specimens. In the first step, we matched our list of names with the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy (GBIF Secretariat 2022) using GBIF species matching tool, then manually checked mismatching records against Index Fungorum nomenclatural database (Kirk and Cooper 2022). For the names treated as accepted by both sources, we used the name provided by GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. For most of the mismatched names, we followed the Index Fungorum's view. We also kept all the names for infraspecific taxa, represented non-type varietas/forma and followed Index Fungorum in nomenclature for such cases. For some taxa, which both GBIF Backbone Taxonomy and Index Fungorum treat as synonyms, we kept names provided by the authors of the records, for example, Agaricus tabularis Peck. For each name in the resulting list of scientific names (species, varietas and formas), we then assigned a unique identifier (taxonID), through which taxa linked to the records in the occurrence part of the data. Full scientific names as the authors wrote them were kept in the "verbatimIdentification" column of the "occurrence" data sheet.

Since the primary purpose of this checklist is to provide researchers with the most comprehensive list of the scientific names of gilled Agaricales reported from the territory of Ukraine, we did not make a deep taxonomical revision of the data. That is why synonyms or even ambiguous scientific names might be present. For each taxon mentioned in the checklist, we provide references to either known collection specimens or published sources, where researchers can find more information about the records. We used GBIF species matching tool to find possible typos in scientific names. We also used Index Fungorum nomenclatural database (Kirk and Cooper 2022) to check the current status of names. For data cleaning and final adjustment, we used OpenRefine and R (R Core Team 2022).

1. Parsing the "Fungi of Ukraine" database, coordinate conversion into decimal degrees when available.
2. Manual digitisation of the sources either published after the year 2000 or not covered by the "Fungi of Ukraine" database.
3. Extraction of available collection data from CWU(MYC), VM(MYC) and KW-M custom collection management systems.
4. Georeferencing of the records accompanied with annotations of the described location at the level of the particular protected areas or finer.
5. Adaptation of the data to the DarwinCore standard.
6. Nomenclatural revision, preparing the list of scientific names.

Data cover all the territory of Ukraine. It was possible to georeference 5904 records (67 per cent of the records).

43.835 and 53.015 Latitude; 21.445 and 41.309 Longitude.

Order Agaricales (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Fungi), excluding families Clavariaceae, Cyphellaceae, Fistulinaceae, Niaceae, Phelloriniaceae, Pterulaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Stephanosporaceae and Typhulaceae, as well as genera Lycoperdon, Calvatia, Disciseda and other genera comprising taxa with gasteroids, secotioids and cyphelloids fruit bodies. In total, there were 1201 species and infraspecific taxa names belonging to the 23 families and 172 genera of Agaricales (Fig. 1).

M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Herbarium (KW-M); V. N. Karazin National University Herbarium (CWU(MYC)); Mycological collection of the Halych National Nature Park, Halych (VM(MYC))

http://grscicoll.org/institution/national-academy-sciences-ukraine; http://grscicoll.org/institution/v-n-karazin-kharkiv-national-university

dried

To the extent possible under law, the publisher has waived all rights to these data and has dedicated them to the Public Domain (CC0 1.0). Users may copy, modify, distribute and use the work, including for commercial purposes, without restriction.

Reference-based checklist of gilled Agaricales (Basidiomycota, Fungi) from Ukraine

https://www.gbif.org/dataset/f994f6e8-4d7d-45bd-ab10-d59ecdfdbe80

https://doi.org/10.15468/bgv8hy

1