Corresponding author: Rodrigo Leonardo Costa de Oliveira (
Academic editor: Quentin Groom
Woody plant diversity from the Amazonian savannas has been poorly quantified. In order to improve the knowledge on wood plants of these regional ecosystems, a tree inventory was carried out in four different habitats used by indigenous people living in the savanna areas of the Northern Brazilian Amazon. The habitats were divided into two types (or groups) of vegetation formations: forest (riparian forest, forest island, and
The typical savanna is the most densely populated area (709 stems ha-1); however, it has the lowest tree species richness (nine species, seven families) in relation to typical forest habitats: riparian forest (22 species, 13 families and 202 stems ha-1), forest islands (13 species, 10 families and 264 stems ha-1), and
The Amazon is recognized as one of the world's region with the greatest biological diversity, with estimates of up to 16,000 tree species (
Within this large and complex Amazonian landscape, woody resources are widely used by both indigenous people and riverine communities, especially as timber (
The savanna region of the state of Roraima is the largest savanna area of the Brazilian Amazon, occurring in the northern state of Roraima (
The São Marcos Indigenous Land (TISM) comprises 654,110 ha and has 42 indigenous communities (Makuxi, Taurepang and Wapixana ethnicities). Most indigenous practices make use of the available woody plant resources in different habitats of the savanna matrix where these communities live. Since the savanna of the state of Roraima is formed by two large vegetation groups – forest and non-forest (
The aim of this study is to make available data of woody plants (trees and shrubs) from forest and non-forest formations used by indigenous communities of the Savanna Area of Roraima, Northern Brazilian Amazon, in order to increase the knowledge on species composition and structure of such environments. The Shannon diversity index and Pielou eveness were calculated and the results compared to other studies in Amazonian savanna areas.
Use and conservation of plant resources in indigenous communities in the north of the state of Roraima, Northern Amazon.
The study area is located in the Darora Community, a Makuxi ethnicity group living within the São Marcos Indigenous Land (
Eight plots were installed (each 0.25 ha) at different distances from the Community: four in typical savanna area (non-forest), and another four in several forested habitats (two in riparian vegetation of the Tacutu river, one in a
Samples of the species were collected, and taxonomic identification was made by expert botanical, parabotanists and local floras (
The study area is located in the Darora Community in the São Marcos Indigenous Land, and comprises
The study recorded 52 species belonging to 28 botanical families (Table
In non - forest habitat, the most abundant species were
In non-forest environments, density and basal area were 709 stems ha-1 and 2.174 m2 ha-1, respectively. The diameter was characterized by the predominance of initial classes (DSH 2 cm < 5 cm) with a tendency of decrease of individuals in the major classes, in an inverted-J pattern, where the most individuals are distributed in the minor diameter classes while few individuals are found in the major diameter classes (Fig.
In forest habitats, the total density was 317 stems ha-1, and basal area was 12.41 m2 ha-1. In
In spite of the differences in the sampling methods and in the criteria for the inclusion of woody individuals, the present results indicated structural and phytosociological similarities with other studies carried out in non-forest (Table
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Tree species composition in different habitats of savanna used by indigenous in the Northern Brazilian Amazonia
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Tree species composition in different habitats of savanna used by indigenous in the Northern Brazilian Amazonia
Darwin Core Archive DwC-A
Ocurrences of plants in four habitats in Amazonian Savanna in an indigenous community, State of Roraima. Data set consists of the eml.xml, meta_xml and ocurrence.txt containing the DwC-Attributes.
Column label | Column description |
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eventid | A identifier for the record (record code) |
institutionCode | Institution that has custody of the object or information about its registration |
occurrenceID | A identifier for the occurrence |
basisOfRecord | The specific nature of the data record |
collectionCode | The name or acronym of the collection or dataset from which the record is derived |
catalogNumbe | An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the dataset or collection |
recordedBy | List of names of persons or organizations responsible for the registration of the original occurrence |
eventDate | The date or period during which an event occurred |
habitat | Description of the habitat in which the event occurred |
continent | The Continent of the occurrence |
country | The Country of the occurrence |
stateProvince | The State or Province of the occurrence |
county | The County of the occurrence |
locality | The location-specific description |
decimalLatitude | The geographical latitude in decimal degrees of the geographical center of a location |
decimalLongitude | The geographical longitude in decimal degrees of the geographical center of a location |
geodeticDatum | The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) in which the geographical coordinates given in decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude are based |
kingdom | Full scientific name of the kingdom in which the taxon is classified |
family | Full scientific name of the family in which the taxon is classified |
genus | Full scientific name of the genus in which the taxon is classified |
specificEpithet | Name of the species epithet of the scientificName |
scientificName | The full scientific name. It must be the name of lowest level taxonomic rank that was determined. |
identificationQualifier | A brief phrase or standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's doubts about identification. |
taxonRemarks | Comments or notes about the taxon or name. |
language | Language of the resource. |
RLCO and ROP were supported by postgraduate fellowships provided by the
RLC Oliveira (researcher), HLS Farias (statistic and data analiser), RO Perdiz (plant taxonomist), VV Scudeller (Adviser), RI Barbosa (Co-adviser).
Number of individuals sampled in non-forest habitats in the north of the state of Roraima expressed by diameter classes (DSH ≥ 2 cm); and estimated height of individuals.
Number of individuals sampled in forest habitats (riparian forest, forest island and
Occurrence of families and species in non-forest (typical savanna) and forest habitats (riparian forest, forest island and
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16 | 8431 | ||||
3 | - | ||||
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10 | 8442 | ||||
1 | 8449 | ||||
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17 | 2 | 8487 | |||
3 | 8444 | ||||
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27 | - | ||||
17 | - | ||||
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3 | 8472 | ||||
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1 | 8467 | ||||
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7 | 8440 | ||||
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2 | 8447 | ||||
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1 | 8450 | ||||
2 | 8435 | ||||
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1 | 8445 | ||||
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18 | 7 | 18 | 1 | 8446 | |
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2 | 9 | 8457 | |||
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6 | 8433 | ||||
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4 | 8475 | ||||
2 | 8465 | ||||
19 | 4 | 8471 | |||
3 | 8452 | ||||
16 | 8456 | ||||
2 | 4 | 8454 | |||
8 | 8460 | ||||
20 | 8459 | ||||
1 | 8468 | ||||
1 | 8473 | ||||
14 | 8437 | ||||
3 | 8478 | ||||
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6 | 8429 | ||||
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14 | 8432 | ||||
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3 | 8463 | ||||
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107 | 8485 | ||||
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4 | 8462 | ||||
163 | 8483 | ||||
268 | 1 | 8482 | |||
3 | 8443 | ||||
19 | 8480 | ||||
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2 | - | ||||
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2 | 8455 | ||||
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11 | 8430 | ||||
5 | 8441 | ||||
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2 | 6 | 8464 | |||
1 | 8453 | ||||
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4 | 8448 | ||||
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81 | 8484 | ||||
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10 | 3 | 8488 | |||
17 | 8489 | ||||
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1 | 8474 | ||||
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8 | 8461 | ||||
10 | 8470 |
Comparison of richness, diversity and evenness in studies carried out in non-forest habitats occurring in savannas areas of Roraima and state of Rondônia (RO), where: D = diameter used in the research, DBH = diameter at breast height, DSH = diameter at soil height, S = species richness, H' = Shannon diversity index, and J' = Pielou evenness. * Data correspond to a single study that was separately presented here in its different physiognomies to better compare the data.
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Boa Vista and Amajari | Savanna tree and Savannah park | Quadrants (80 points) 4 transects | DBH ≥ 5 cm | 8 | 0.8-1.28 | 0.68-0.80 |
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Boa Vista | Savanna grassy-woody and Savanna park | Plots (45 points) 6.75 ha | DSH ≥ 2 cm | 71 | 1.12 | 0.26 |
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Alto Alegre and Boa Vista | Savanna grassy-woody and Savanna park | Plots (3 points) 0.9 ha | DSH ≥ 2 cm | 29 | 0.87 | 0.26 |
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Vilhena, RO | Cerradão | Plots 1 ha | DBH ≥ 10 cm | 60 | 3.45 | 0.84 | |
Vilhena, RO | Campo sujo | Plots 1 ha | DBH ≥ 10 cm | 26 | 2.34 | 0.72 | |
Vilhena, RO | Cerrado |
Plots 1 ha | DBH ≥ 10 cm | 39 | 2.63 | 0.72 | |
Vilhena, RO | Cerrado |
Plots 1 ha | DBH ≥ 10 cm | 45 | 2.9 | 0.76 | |
Boa Vista | Savanna grassy-woody | Plots (2 points) 1.1 ha | DSH ≥ 6.5 cm | 19 | 0.59-1.2 | 0.20-0.46 |
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Boa Vista | Savanna grassy-woody and Savanna park | Plots (4 points) 1 ha | DSH ≥ 2 cm | 9 | 1.7 | 0.77 | Present study |
Comparison of richness, diversity and evenness in studies carried out in forest habitats occurring in savannas areas of Roraima, where: D = diameter used in the research, DBH = diameter at breast height, DSH = diameter at soil height, S = species richness, H' = Shannon diversity index and J' = Pielou evenness. * Data correspond to a single study that was separately presented here in its different physiognomies to better compare the data.
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Cantá | Riparian Forest | Plots / 0.4 ha | 6 | 104 | 6.16 | 0.92 | |
Cantá | Forest Island | Plots / 0.08 ha | 6 | 47 | 4.86 | 0.87 | |
Boa Vista | Riparian Forest | Plots / 0.2 ha | 6 | 59 | 5.41 | 0.92 | |
Boa Vista | Forest Island | Plots / 0.28 ha | 6 | 56 | 4.94 | 0.85 | |
Cantá | Wooded savanna | Plots 0.35 ha | 6 | 72 | 4.48 | 0.73 | |
Cantá | Savanna - SeasonalForest Submontane | Transects (2 points) 3.6 ha | 30 | 61 | 3.39 | 0.82 |
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Mucajaí | Riparian Forest | Plots / 0.4 ha | 9.55 | 33 | 2.28 | 0.65 |
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Boa Vista | Forest Island | Plots (4 points) 0.64 ha | 5 | 52 | 1.89-3.16 | 0.67-0.87 |
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Boa Vista | Forest Island | Plots (12 points) 2.48 ha | 10 | 112 | 3.86 | 0.82 |
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Boa Vista | Riparian Forest | Plots / 0.5 ha | 10 | 22 | 2.63 | 0.57 | Present study |
Boa Vista | Buritizal | Plots / 0.25 ha | 10 | 19 | 2.59 | 0.88 | Present study |
Boa Vista | Forest Island | Plots / 0.25 ha | 10 | 13 | 2.21 | 0.86 | Present study |
DBS and Heights of individuals in non-forest (typical savanna) and forest habitats (riparian forest, forest island and
ocurrences
File: oo_132089.xlsx
Ethnomap of Darora Community, Boa Vista, Roraima.
image
This ethnomapa was developemented with the participation of the inhabitants of different ages. In legend: Farm area, "roças" (cultivated areas), road, rivers, lakes, residences, frontiers, community center (malocão).
File: oo_157453.jpg