Distribution of Johngarthia planata (Stimpson, 1860): (●) island records; (□) peninsula records; (■) mainland records; (♦) locations with confirmed mainland absence of J. planata (Perger et al. 2013; Perger unpubl. data). Colombia: (1) Gorgona Island. Panama: (2) Iguana Island. Costa Rica: (3) Caño and Nairita Islands; (4) Colorada Island. Mexico: (5) Clipperton Island; (6) Michoacán, Pajaro Island; (7) Clarion Island; (8) Socorro and San Benedicto Islands; (9) Maria Cleofa and Isabela Islands; (10) Baja California Peninsula, Cabo San Lucas; (11) Sinaloa, Pajaro Island; (12) Sonora, Bacochibampo Bay; (13) Gulf of California, San Pedro Nolasco Island; (a) Escondido, Mazunte, and Zapotengo Beach, Oaxaca; (b) Ixtapa, Guerrero; (c) Manzanillo, Colima; (d) Sayulita, Nayarit; Mismaloya, Jalisco; (e) Mazatlán, Sinaloa. Major sea currents indicated by arrows (modified after Kessler 2006).